Preliminary study on teaching reform of cell engineering course
Abstract of cell culture papers
Cell engineering is a compulsory course for biotechnology majors in China's undergraduate colleges. According to the characteristics of this course, we actively explore from the aspects of optimizing theoretical teaching and strengthening practical teaching, so as to provide reference for the teaching reform of cell engineering course.
Contents of cell culture paper
Keywords: cell engineering teaching reform of biotechnology
China Library Classification Number: G424 Document Identification Number: A
Discussion on Teaching Reform of Cell Engineering Course
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(Department of Biotechnology, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065)
Cell engineering is a required course for undergraduate biotechnology majors in Chinese universities. According to the characteristics of this course, this paper makes active exploration in optimizing theoretical teaching and strengthening practical teaching, which provides reference for the teaching reform of cell engineering course.
Keywords biotechnology; Cell engineering; reform in education
2 1 century is the century of life (biology) science. Biotechnology is a comprehensive technical system that uses the research results of life sciences to transform and utilize organisms or biological components, including five technical categories: cell engineering, genetic engineering, enzyme engineering, fermentation engineering and biochemical engineering. Among them, cell engineering is a related theoretical and technical discipline that applies the knowledge and technology accumulated by applied biology research institute to develop and utilize biological materials or biological systems at the cellular level and obtain products (cell lines, cell strains, organisms or secondary metabolites) through a certain process.
In 2005, the biotechnology major of our school began to recruit students. After eight years of professional construction, a relatively perfect theoretical and practical teaching system has been formed. At present, cell engineering has become one of the main courses of biotechnology specialty in colleges and universities. Learning this course well will lay a good theoretical and technical foundation for students to engage in related research in biology and biotechnology industry related to cell engineering in the future. Implementing the "student-centered" teaching concept, improving teaching quality and cultivating high-quality applied talents are the goals pursued by many colleges and universities, including our school. Combined with the characteristics of cell engineering course and the actual situation of our school, the teaching and research section of biotechnology has carried out a series of reforms and explorations on the teaching content, teaching methods and experimental teaching of this course.
1 theoretical teaching reform
1. 1 Optimize the teaching content
Teaching content determines students' basic knowledge structure and affects the formation of students' basic ability. Whether the teaching content is full and novel has a great influence on the improvement of teaching quality. In view of the fact that the top-quality course is a demonstration course with the characteristics of first-class teachers, first-class teaching contents, first-class teaching methods, first-class teaching materials and first-class teaching management, in the teaching of cell engineering, we introduced the content of the national top-quality course Cell Engineering founded by Huazhong Agricultural University in "2 1 1".
In the selection of teaching materials, Plant Cell Engineering, edited by Professor Liu Jun and published by Higher Education Press, is used as a teaching reference book to systematically introduce the plant tissue cell culture technology, which not only explains the operation method, but also discusses the theoretical principle, which is more suitable for undergraduate students. At the same time, the content of animal cell engineering is supplemented in teaching, and some reference books are recommended to students.
At the same time, it is necessary to improve the syllabus and appropriately increase or decrease the teaching content. Cell engineering is closely related to other biological sciences, such as plant biology, animal biology, cell biology and molecular biology. So some chapters will be repeated in content, you can simply say or ask questions to show your review. For example, plant endosperm culture involves three ways of endosperm development (nuclear endosperm, cell endosperm and swamp endosperm), which have been studied in plant biology and can be briefly discussed here.
In addition, after entering the new century, new achievements in various fields of biotechnology including cell engineering are changing with each passing day. Therefore, teachers should not only teach students the basic principles, methods and techniques in this field, but also integrate the latest research progress into teaching. This requires teachers to pay attention to the latest developments in this field at any time (refer to authoritative literature at home and abroad) and add relevant contents to the teaching content in time, thus stimulating students' interest in learning and enhancing their self-consciousness and creativity in learning. It is required to prepare lessons carefully (including experimental classes) and reflect on teaching after class. So although the course is basically repeated every year, there are new experiences every year, which requires a lot of time to prepare lessons carefully.
1.2 Reform teaching methods
Stimulate students' interest in learning and give play to their subjective initiative. Interest is the best teacher. Learning with interest can give full play to students' subjective initiative, which is undoubtedly conducive to the improvement of teaching effect. The traditional teaching mode in universities is often indoctrination, and teachers are the transmitters of knowledge. Heuristic teaching and other new teaching models require teachers to change from knowledge transmitters to learning guides and enlighteners to stimulate students' interest in learning and arouse their initiative and enthusiasm in learning. Therefore, in the teaching process, we can choose a chapter of cell engineering or the content of a knowledge point, and try to let students experience classroom teaching, so as to cultivate students' independent thinking ability, literature review ability, summary ability and language expression ability.
Pay attention to the interaction between teachers and students and actively guide students to learn. Generally, I will spend a few minutes reviewing the old class before the new class, that is, I will ask a few questions about the content of the last class for students to think and answer. This can not only consolidate the knowledge learned, but also connect the contents of the new curriculum standards, which can be described as a connecting link between the preceding and the following, killing two birds with one stone. In addition, in the teaching process, we should also observe the students' mastery of a certain knowledge point, especially the contents of some pre-courses and ask questions and answers at any time. All questions should take into account every student, that is, every student has the opportunity to answer questions; Praise the students who answered well and encourage the students who answered badly. Elaborate multimedia courseware and optimize multimedia teaching. With the improvement of social and economic level and the progress of science and technology, it is also an inevitable requirement for full-time teachers to make full use of modern teaching methods such as multimedia. At present, most classrooms in our school are equipped with multimedia teaching system, and the course of cell engineering is also taught by multimedia. How to combine the outline of traditional blackboard writing teaching with the large amount of information in multimedia teaching is a problem that needs serious consideration in the teaching process. In the process of making multimedia courseware (PPT slides), we should adhere to the principle of "no shortage of words, no miscellaneous pictures", concentrate the main points of traditional blackboard writing on one slide, add some hyperlinks and explain each point in detail with charts, which can not only give full play to the advantages of multimedia teaching, but also lose the effect of traditional teaching. At the same time, it can improve the vocabulary of foreign languages (English) in multimedia courseware and increase students' professional English foundation.
2 Practice teaching reform
Cell engineering is a practical subject. In the setting of experiment content, based on the principle of integrating teaching resources and optimizing teaching content, experiments of several professional courses including cell engineering were integrated in the training program of biotechnology specialty in our school, and comprehensive experiments of biotechnology were set up. Among them, the corresponding cell engineering part takes animal cell culture and plant tissue culture as the basic content. In the course of the experiment, the former experiment prepares for the latter experiment, which is the deepening of the former experiment. Students need to participate in the whole process of the experiment, from the preparation of culture medium to the disinfection and inoculation of materials to the observation of experimental results. Considering the failure of an experiment due to pollution and other reasons, the instructor should always pay attention to the training situation and take preventive measures, such as preparing more experimental materials; Or the instructor participates in the experiment as one of the experimental groups every time except demonstrating the experimental process. In the writing of the experimental report, students are required to report the experimental results truthfully, and even the results that fail are required to be written down and the reasons are analyzed.
3 Conclusion
Curriculum teaching is an important means to achieve the goal of education and training. In the teaching process of Cell Engineering, we should optimize the teaching content, introduce the "2 1 1" excellent course, digest and absorb it, and integrate the latest scientific research results into the teaching content. Flexible and diverse teaching methods and multimedia teaching methods are adopted to improve the teaching quality. In the future teaching process, we will keep pace with the times, constantly sum up experience, further improve the teaching content and teaching methods, especially strengthen the openness of cell engineering experiments, enrich the experimental content, and raise the teaching level of cell engineering courses to a new level.
Literature of cell culture papers
[1] Liu Jun, Xie Conghua. Plant Cell Engineering (2nd Edition) [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 20 1 1.
[2] Jiang Zhenhua, Zhou Daxiang. Exploration of Cell Engineering Teaching Reform in Local Universities [J]. Education and Teaching Forum, 20 13 (27): 52-53.
[3] Wang Yi, Sun Chunyu, etc. Thinking and Practice of Cultivating Students' Scientific Research Ability in Plant Cell Engineering Teaching [J]. China Off-campus Education (Theory), 2008 (9): 85-86.
Yang Qingling, Zhang Yao, Chen Changjie, et al. Study on the Comprehensive Experiment Construction of Biotechnology [J]. Journal of Bengbu Medical College, 2009 (34): 166- 168.
Teaching reform and exploration of two-cell engineering in cell culture papers
Abstract of cell culture papers
According to the teaching practice of cell engineering, this paper discusses the teaching staff, teaching content, teaching methods and assessment methods, which provides a new idea for the teaching reform of cell engineering.
Contents of cell culture paper
Cell engineering; Teaching reform; Evaluation method
Cell engineering is a comprehensive subject combining theory with practice. It is a subject that applies the principles and methods of cell biology and molecular biology to study and transform the genetic material of life at the cell level in order to obtain the theory and technology of cell lines or organisms with target traits. It is not only an important part of modern biotechnology, but also an important technical tool for modern biological research, and occupies an important position in the curriculum of life science and related disciplines in colleges and universities [1-2]. Learning this course well will lay a good theoretical and technical foundation for students to engage in related research in biology and biotechnology industry related to cell engineering in the future. Teachers must give full play to their professional advantages, adapt to the needs of discipline development, actively guide students' scientific cognition and interest in this field, and systematically master relevant principles, methods, technologies and progress; At the same time, cultivate students' comprehensive ability and enhance teaching effect. In the process of continuous exploration, combined with the characteristics of cell engineering, this paper discusses how to improve the teaching quality of cell engineering.
1 Strengthen the construction of teaching staff
1. 1 form a teaching team.
In order to solve the problem of large span of teaching content and different backgrounds, we broke the traditional teaching mode of one person and one lesson, set up a teaching team, and divided the teaching content into different teaching modules. Each module is undertaken by a teacher with a corresponding professional background, striving to keep up with the forefront of each teaching content.
1.2 Improve teachers' teaching level
In order to improve the teaching level, the members of the research group regularly study and discuss modern teaching ideas and methods; Regularly organize experts who have made achievements in teaching methods to attend lectures and make targeted evaluations; Supervise teachers to prepare lessons carefully and strive for perfection in business. In particular, it is required that the teaching content should keep up with the frontier of the subject, so as to make itself a real expert and scholar in this major and stand at the forefront of the development of this professional knowledge. At the same time, self-evaluation and mutual evaluation are carried out irregularly to promote the improvement of the overall teaching level.
2. Integrate into the development of science and technology, and reform and update the teaching content.
Cell engineering is a comprehensive subject, involving a wide range, which is difficult for both teachers and students to learn. This requires us to pay attention to the systematicness and integrity of the teaching content and ensure the comprehensiveness, interest and practicality of the teaching content. Combined with the teaching purpose of biotechnology specialty and the existing teaching materials, the course content mainly focuses on the following aspects: first, the basics of cell engineering, including the basic concepts, main research contents, basic facilities, conditions, methods and technologies of cell culture; The second is plant cell engineering, including plant tissue culture, virus-free rapid propagation, haploid induction and breeding, embryo culture, somatic embryogenesis and artificial seed technology, protoplast fusion, chromosome engineering and transgenic technology. The third is animal cell engineering, including animal cell culture, cell fusion, chromosome engineering, cell recombination and cloning, transgenic animals and bioreactors. The fourth is the practice and application of cell engineering, including the development status and application progress of cell engineering and related technologies, and its industrialization development prospect.
In addition, due to the rapid development of science and technology in the world, the amount of knowledge and information is increasing rapidly, and the research content of cell engineering is also changing with each passing day, and new technologies and methods are constantly emerging. This requires teachers to adjust and update the teaching content in time, stand at the forefront of the development of modern science and technology, grasp the latest trends of scientific and technological development in the field of bioengineering, and integrate these trends, research results and major topics that need to be tackled in time into the teaching content to stimulate students' interest in learning and exploring new knowledge and improve their comprehensive ability. For example, when explaining "cloning technology", the latest achievements at home and abroad were disseminated to students in time, including the cloning of three white kittens containing fluorescent protein from epidermal cells of an adult female Turkish angola cat by Professor Kong Yigen from June 5438+February 65438+April 2007; From June 5438 to October 2009 10, the online edition of Clone and Stem Cell magazine reported that Shandong Stem Cell Engineering Technology Research Center and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital had successfully obtained cloned embryos from human cells. Another example is to explain "chromosome engineering" with the latest achievements of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
3 Reform teaching methods
3. 1 adopt heuristic and inquiry teaching methods.
As a comprehensive technical course, cell engineering has no logic in each chapter, less theoretical expression and more details of applied technology, so it is difficult for students who lack basic knowledge to understand and remember the contents of the textbook. Therefore, in the teaching process, we should vigorously advocate heuristic, question-inquiry, discussion, training and practical teaching methods, encourage students to question boldly and explore freely, and give full play to their initiative, enthusiasm and creativity in learning. For example, in the teaching process of cell recombination and cloning, only the relevant principles of cell recombination and cloning are explained, while the latest progress of cloning is explained and summarized by students after consulting the materials, and evaluated and corrected by teachers and other students.
3.2 the application of modern teaching methods to improve the quality of teaching
Cell engineering is a very basic and practical subject, and the course content is basically micro-level. The traditional teaching mode can't present such a large amount of information for students, and it is also easy to cause students to slack off on the course, reduce their interest in learning and affect the teaching effect. In order to improve the teaching effect, modern teaching methods such as multimedia, teaching videos, network resources and CAI courseware can not only provide students with colorful teaching information, but also provide a more beautiful human-computer interaction interface, which can fully mobilize students' emotions, emotions, attention and interest [3]. In this way, those abstract processes that are difficult to observe under ordinary conditions can be displayed intuitively and vividly, which is conducive to increasing students' ability to analyze and solve problems independently and flexibly, improving teaching quality and stimulating students' interest in learning.
3.3 to carry out various teaching activities
In addition to normal teaching, we also try to break the conventional teaching methods and carry out colorful teaching activities, which has a good effect on cultivating students' interest in learning and fully mobilizing their enthusiasm for learning [4]. For example, students are assigned the task of writing a summary in the middle term, and the topic and content are self-determined, as long as they are interested in and related to the subject content. By searching for information, students have a strong interest in biology, and even have the desire to work in this field in the future. Some students take the initiative to find a teacher and apply to enter the laboratory in advance. For example, in the teaching process, try to make students try to compile questions and give answers after learning the contents of each chapter, and then hand them in in in the form of homework. Teachers can build a question bank by combining the questions written by students and various materials. On the one hand, this form embodies the teaching principle of respecting and trusting students, and at the same time, it greatly mobilizes students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning cell engineering; On the other hand, the process of compiling questions for students is also a process of learning and mastering, so that students can achieve twice the result with half the effort.
4 Reform the assessment methods
At present, most college students are not satisfied with the final exam, so it is very important to formulate scientific and feasible assessment methods to improve students' learning enthusiasm and teaching effect. In order to guide students' all-round development and scientifically evaluate their learning situation, this course explores the reform of examination mode from the following aspects: first, besides the basic theory, knowledge and skills of the course, it also examines students' ability to analyze and solve problems on the basis of mastery; The second is to strengthen the assessment of the usual grades, and record attendance, answering questions, homework, discussion, class presentation, etc. in the usual grades; Third, the final overall evaluation, with an average score of 30% (homework, attendance, class participation, etc. ), class activities and innovation activities account for 65,438+00% on average (including writing research summary, using cell engineering technology, designing solutions to practical problems, setting up interest groups, participating in project research, classroom teaching, etc.). ), the final exam accounts for 60% (focusing on the ability to use theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems).
5 concluding remarks
With the rapid development of science and technology competition, talent competition, economy and science and technology, through the research and exploration of the teaching system, the latest scientific and technological development achievements are integrated into the teaching content, advanced teaching content and modern teaching methods and means are adopted, and the assessment method is reformed. The teaching reform of cell engineering course has achieved certain results. In the future, we should constantly master new knowledge through study, improve the level of theoretical cognition, carefully prepare lessons before each class, constantly improve the course teaching system in teaching practice, and improve the teaching quality of cell engineering.
Literature of cell culture papers
[1] __ Yong. Cell engineering [M]. Beijing Science Press 2003.
Hu Shanglian, Sun Shao, Cao Ying. Exploration and Practice of Teaching System of Plant Cell Engineering Theory and Practice [J]. China Off-campus Education: Theory, 2008(2): 136- 137.
[3] Zhang Yichun. Modern educational technology practice course [M]. Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University Press, 2005.
[4] Liang Yilong, Wei, Zhang Chenggong. Exploration of cell engineering teaching reform [J]. Laboratory Science, 2009(4):25-26.
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