Purpose of investigation:
At present, most college students were born in the late 1980s and early 1990s. This generation grew up in the historical period of China's reform and opening up and rapid economic development. Their thoughts are diversified, their lifestyles are diversified, and their ways and means of understanding the world are diversified. They have a sense of self from the only child. Therefore, they have their own unique ideas, lifestyles, values and strong democratic concepts. As an important talent resource to realize China's strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, whether they pay attention to social hotspots and their attitude towards these social problems plays an extremely important role in their future going to society and adapting to society. To this end, we made this survey.
Survey object: A university students.
Survey time: This survey started in late October of 20 10, 165438+ 10 and ended in early February.
Survey location: A University.
Survey summary:
First of all, through detailed discussion and data collection, we determined the general investigation direction:
The first stage: divide the current social hot issues into eight main aspects, such as politics, economy, military affairs, culture, entertainment, scientific research and employment, and investigate college students' understanding with their typical examples.
The second stage: after statistical data, in-depth analysis of college students' most concerned issues.
The third stage: after further collecting information, complete the questionnaire survey of this practice.
The content of the questionnaire is mainly divided into three parts:
1. Statistics of the respondents' student information, including gender, grade and channels for paying attention to social issues;
2. Select the typical questions in the above eight aspects to investigate the respondents' understanding;
Three. Select the top ten hot issues or activities in the current society to investigate the respondents' understanding.
Investigation process:
After several careful revisions, we printed 150 questionnaires and distributed them to students of different grades and colleges in a university for filling and recycling. In the process of issuing questionnaires, we should not forget to actively communicate with the respondents in order to grasp their ideological trends more accurately. Through our joint efforts, we successfully collected all valid questionnaires, made detailed data analysis, and showed the results of this stage in the form of charts.
Findings and analysis:
Among the respondents, 69% were boys and 365,438+0% were girls. The distribution of each grade is 37% for freshmen, 23% for sophomores, 0/7% for juniors, 0/5% for seniors, and 8% for postgraduates and doctoral students. The result of the third question in the questionnaire shows that the social problem that college students are most concerned about is the employment problem that concerns their immediate interests. Secondly, the most concerned social issues are politics, economy and culture, and finally entertainment and scientific research. For the freshmen and sophomores who are the main subjects of this survey, although they have not directly faced the employment problem, most people have regarded employment as the biggest difficulty they encounter after going to college or graduating from college. In the survey of students who plan to take the postgraduate entrance examination, 80% students think that the main reason for taking the postgraduate entrance examination is to relieve the employment pressure. As we all know, postgraduate entrance examination and employment are not only the most concerned topics, but also the most talked about topics among college students. In addition, from this survey, we also found that contemporary college students still pay high attention to current events, such as Shanghai World Expo, Guangzhou Asian Games, US-South Korea military exercise, Korean Peninsula dispute, inflationary pressure, Harry? Harry Potter 7 and Orphan of Zhao are hot topics and events among college students.
It can be seen that contemporary college students are no longer nerds who used to read sage books and ignore things outside the window. Contemporary college students can always pay attention to social changes and development, actively participate in various social topics and hot issues, and show their due attitudes and unique views on major social events. Knowing this situation is a great gain after this investigation.
However, through this survey, we also know that contemporary college students mainly understand social dynamics through the Internet, mobile phones and hearsay, which is not enough for college students to actively integrate into society and keep pace with the times. This phenomenon reflects that there are still many imperfections in China's current education system. For example, the school does not provide enough relevant platforms, which is the main reason why college students pay attention to social problems in a single form; The form of ideological and moral education for college students is single, the effect is not obvious, and the students' reaction is average; The university is still dominated by exam-oriented education, which is not conducive to students' divergent thinking and innovation.
In addition, since the statistical results of the first stage show that the current college students are most concerned about the employment problem, we also investigate and analyze the reasons, background, current situation and suggestions and countermeasures of this problem along this direction. After the reform of the employment system for college graduates, it is natural for college students to go to the market and participate in market competition. Restricted by the relationship between supply and demand, the number of college graduates has soared in recent years, which has caused great employment pressure for college students. At the same time, specialty adjustment and discipline construction in colleges and universities lag behind economic and social development, industrial structure adjustment and social talent demand changes. The specifications and quality of college graduates do not meet the requirements of employers, which also restricts the employment of college students. The increasingly severe employment situation of college graduates has aroused the concern of the whole society. Nowadays, more and more "ant families" in society are a typical example. As a silhouette of the employment problem of contemporary college students, they are nicknamed "low-income group of college graduates", which refers to college students who can't find a job or have low job income after graduation and live in the urban-rural fringe. "They are also called' the weak and the strong' like ants.
It is understood that the "ant tribe" group has a scale of millions in the country. Compared with the huge number of "ant tribe" in real life, "ant tribe" is a little-known group in social attention. Nowadays, there are often media reports and academic studies focusing on "migrant workers, laid-off workers and farmers" in society, but there are few academic studies and media reports on "ant tribe". They are not included in the management system of the government and social organizations, and rarely appear in the field of vision of scholars and journalists. To some extent, this is a neglected and forgotten group, and it is a group that few people pay attention to and sympathize with.
However, although the employment situation is not optimistic, and the ranks of "ant tribe" are still growing at a superhuman speed, the employment expectations of college students are still high, which are concentrated in the requirements for development prospects, working environment and salary. Most students think that their love of work and strong sense of responsibility are their advantages in employment competition. However, we believe that professionalism and a strong sense of responsibility are important, but they are only basic conditions, which are far from enough for college students to win in the fierce competition. Higher comprehensive quality and professional skills, good organization and expression skills are more competitive conditions.
The employment of college students is highly valued by the government, schools, families and students themselves, and has become the focus of the whole society. In fact, the employment of college students is a very complicated issue. First of all, we should make two points clear: first, the fundamental reason for the difficulty of college students' employment is that the overall level of China's economic and social development is not high at present, which has caused great employment pressure in the whole society and is difficult to solve in a short time; Second, under the condition of socialist market economy, the market mechanism plays a fundamental role in the allocation of labor resources, and college graduates need to accept market choices like other workers.
In view of this situation, we suggest:
1. Relevant government departments should deepen system reform and provide policy support for college students' employment;
(1) Policy guidance to encourage college students to work in small and medium-sized enterprises, remote areas and grass-roots units after graduation. At present, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises urgently needs a large number of talents, which is one of the main channels for college students' employment. In addition, the government should actively create conditions for college students to work in remote areas and grass-roots units: open up perennial and standardized channels and strengthen publicity and guidance; Provide some preferential policies for college students working in grass-roots units.
(2) Establish and improve the employment information network system to realize resource sharing. Use accurate, efficient and comprehensive collection, screening, analysis and evaluation.
2. Employers should select people according to their needs and reasonably replace redundant staff:
(1) Introduce college students of different levels as needed. Employers should change the concept of selecting people and select people according to their needs. High-level college students train talents in scientific research and technological development, while middle-and low-level college students train talents in specific use and operation. Only by introducing college students of different levels reasonably can we meet the needs of employers for talents of all levels and make all kinds of talents useful.
(2) Strengthen the talent pool and reasonably replace redundant staff. Enterprises are the main force to attract college graduates. Although many enterprises are facing the problem of overstaffing, there are still insufficient high-level talents and weak scientific and technological innovation ability, which leads to low competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, enterprises should seize the favorable opportunity, actively recruit college students, strengthen the talent pool, adjust the talent structure, and at the same time replace redundant personnel who can not adapt to their own development, thus enhancing the vitality of enterprises.
3. Colleges and universities should adapt to the market and strengthen employment guidance and services for college students.
(1) Deepen the reform of education and teaching, and make the specialty settings more in line with social needs. Colleges and universities must pay close attention to the development and changes of the employment market, make a scientific prediction of the employment situation and the demand trend of professionals on the basis of extensive research, so as to determine their own school-running mode, school-running level, specialty setting and teaching content, and vigorously develop characteristic majors with large social demand.
(2) Strengthen employment guidance, broaden employment channels and create a good career platform for college students. Colleges and universities should strengthen college students' guidance on job hunting and career selection through employment guidance courses, employment consultation, lectures, seminars and other forms, make career development plans and designs for students, help them change their employment concepts and determine reasonable career goals. At the same time, we should broaden channels, actively strengthen extensive contacts with employers, give full play to our advantages of knowing both students and employers, and actively bridge the gap to provide a broader employment space for college students.
On the one hand, contemporary college students should study hard and improve their comprehensive quality in all aspects; On the other hand, we should establish a correct and scientific concept of employment, keep pace with the times and adapt to the development of the times:
(1) Pay attention to the cultivation of comprehensive skills and improve comprehensive quality. If college students want to succeed in the fierce employment competition, they must consciously improve their comprehensive quality through professional study and social practice, and cultivate their innovative spirit and practical ability to meet the social demand for talents.
(2) Renew the concept of employment and determine the appropriate employment expectation. In the era of "popularization" of higher education, college students should constantly update their employment concepts and establish the employment consciousness of "employment first, career selection later and entrepreneurship later".
5. College students should give full play to their subjective initiative, actively start a business, temper themselves ideologically and spiritually, establish a brand-new concept of talents, attach importance to self-cultivation of entrepreneurial quality, gain rich entrepreneurial experience, actively participate in practical activities through various channels, and cultivate entrepreneurial ability.
Successful entrepreneurs have some core main and secondary characteristics, such as entrepreneurial philosophy, talent, courage and knowledge, and perseverance to overcome difficulties in the process of starting a business. These high requirements determine that contemporary college students must pay attention to the self-cultivation of entrepreneurial quality, cultivate their abilities and temper their courage according to the law of entrepreneurial quality cultivation. At the same time, we should cultivate our own entrepreneurial personality, entrepreneurial thinking, entrepreneurial awareness and entrepreneurial skills, and overcome the "accumulation type" and "inheritance type" cultivated under the traditional education mode in China, which have too much dead knowledge, too little applied knowledge, too little courage and poor viability.
In addition, we should establish a sense of self-confidence, self-improvement, autonomy and self-reliance. Self-confidence means having confidence in yourself and believing that you have the ability and conditions to start your future career. Self-confidence gives people a proactive attitude towards life and enterprising spirit. They believe that they can become successful entrepreneurs, especially when they encounter failures and setbacks. Self-improvement means that on the basis of self-confidence, through the practice of enterprises, we will constantly increase our abilities in all aspects, further temper our will, establish our image, dare to speak and do, never covet immediate interests, make progress forever, and make ourselves strong. Autonomy means having an independent personality, independent thinking ability, not bound by traditional and secular prejudices, not influenced by public opinion and environment, being able to choose your own path, being good at designing and planning your own future, and taking corresponding actions. Self-reliance requires foresight, courage to be the first, and the ability to grasp your own course. Self-reliance means using your own mind and hands, your own wisdom and talent, and your own efforts and struggles to build the foundation of your life and career.
Entrepreneurship is a hot topic in media reports at present. Whether it is traditional media, such as newspapers, new books, radio and television, or online media, it provides a lot of entrepreneurial knowledge and information every day. Generally speaking, economic and talent media are the first choice. Famous websites include Fortune Life, Entrepreneur, 2 1 Century Business Report, CBN, China Venture Network, China Venture Forum, etc. In addition, the websites of entrepreneurial centers, college students' science parks, overseas students' pioneer parks and other institutions also contain rich entrepreneurial knowledge. Entrepreneurial knowledge acquired in this way is often targeted.
College students should learn to know, do things, live together, survive and start a business. Entrepreneurship involves all aspects, needs to deal with different people and things, and requires high human ability. Entrepreneurs should not only know how to operate, but also be good at management. They should be able to coordinate and handle all aspects of relations, but they should also be decisive and calm in times of crisis. If the conductor is determined, they should be eloquent and have the ability to negotiate public relations. They should be able to innovate, not afraid of setbacks and difficulties. Therefore, entrepreneurial ability is very comprehensive, including management ability, organization and coordination ability, creativity ability, business ability, language expression ability, judgment ability, public relations ability, adaptability, problem analysis and problem solving ability, opportunity grasping ability, negotiation ability, psychological adjustment ability and so on. UNESCO regards "learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together and learning to survive" as the four pillars of education in the 2 1 century, and regards it as the four "keys" to open the door to future life. "Learning to recognize" is to teach people to master the methods of cognition, learn the methods and means of learning, and cultivate people's ability to discover, analyze and solve problems. "Learning to do things" is to cultivate people's innovative ability, adaptability and ability to deal with complex emergencies and crises. "Learning to live together" is to cultivate people's unity and cooperation ability and team spirit, and cultivate people's sense of competition and management ability. "Learning to survive" means constantly enhancing people's autonomy, judgment and personal responsibility, and cultivating people's communicative ability, language expression ability, judgment ability and so on. Therefore, college students should actively establish the consciousness of "learning to recognize, learn to do things, learn to coexist and learn to survive", improve their entrepreneurial ability, and make themselves "go out", "stand up" and "do well" when starting a business.
Practice is an effective way for college students to accumulate entrepreneurial experience and cultivate entrepreneurial ability during their school days. Therefore, college students should actively participate in entrepreneurial practice activities, such as college students' entrepreneurial competition and entrepreneurial plan competition. Secondly, college students can get in touch with the society, understand the market, hone their minds and improve their comprehensive quality by participating in activities such as community organizations, entrepreneurship practice, vocational practice, part-time job hunting experience, and market and social surveys. Third, business activities are everywhere. College students can communicate with friends and relatives who have entrepreneurial experience, and even visit their admired business people by email or telephone, or consult some professional institutions. These "experienced people" often get more from experience than from books. Obtaining the most direct entrepreneurial skills and experience through this kind of interpersonal communication will benefit college students greatly in the process of entrepreneurship. Fourth, engage in real entrepreneurial practice. Before and after graduation, you can enter the initial stage of entrepreneurship. You can rent or contract a small shop alone or with your classmates in turn, or process, repair, or sell and serve, so as to improve your entrepreneurial ability in real entrepreneurial practice. These activities have become the first step for college students to enter the social classroom. At the same time, in the process of participating in practice, college students not only accumulate experience for future entrepreneurial activities, but also cultivate the abilities of analyzing and solving problems, organizing and coordinating, managing, responding to emergencies, expressing words, etc., which is also conducive to enhancing college students' entrepreneurial awareness and enthusiasm, providing them with psychological preparation for dealing with setbacks and various difficulties, and promoting college students' entrepreneurial success.