At present, what I read most in newspapers and periodicals is the topic of humanities. Through study, I have my own understanding and ideas, and talk about the understanding of humanistic spirit and scientific spirit in combination with reality.
Humanism: refers to various cultural phenomena in human society, emphasizing people-oriented, respecting people's values and caring about people's interests.
Humanistic spirit: advocate people-oriented, attach importance to people's value, respect people's dignity and rights, care about people's real life, and pursue people's freedom, equality and liberation.
Science: Everything that can be proved repeatedly is scientific. Therefore, science is not something, but the definition of life science: first, it is a part of life, and second, it can be repeated and proved.
Scientific spirit: the narrow scientific spirit refers to the way of thinking, code of conduct and value orientation that people should abide by in the process of scientific research activities such as the formation of scientific theory of natural science, the creation of technological inventions and the application of engineering technology, that is to say, the narrow scientific spirit can be called "scientific research spirit".
Humanistic spirit, as its name implies, is against studying people as "things", because people themselves are alive and colorful. It requires respect for people's needs and emotions, noble moral sentiments and the ability to appreciate and create beauty; At the same time, it also advocates that everyone should bear unshirkable responsibilities to others, society and nature while living freely. In short, it requires caring for the ultimate meaning of life, enhancing moral and aesthetic values, and cultivating a sound personality and noble fashion of the times. Scientific spirit is about "knowledge of facts" and the pursuit of "truth", which requires knowledge to conform to facts, solve the problem of "right and wrong" and answer "true or false". We often say that we should seek truth from facts, pursue truth, persist in truth, dare to doubt, explore and innovate. Therefore, the relationship between humanistic spirit and scientific spirit can be summarized as follows: scientific spirit is also an important part of humanistic spirit, and scientific spirit without humanistic spirit is not a real scientific spirit; Humanistic spirit without scientific spirit is only an incomplete humanistic spirit.
For a long time, due to the separation of natural view and historical view, social science and natural science, science and morality, scientific spirit and humanistic spirit are often considered completely different, so they are also separated. The viewpoints of "scientific value neutrality" and "science for science's sake" provide explanations and theoretical support for this separation, so that this separation has become a tradition. But in fact, this separation is not in line with the reality of the objective world, nor with the inherent logic of the development of natural science and humanities, which is not conducive to the healthy development and prosperity of science, nor to the progress and perfection of human morality. In particular, the rapid development of contemporary high technology has become one of the key factors of the primary productive force and economic development. The progress of science and technology involves not only profound changes in scientific knowledge, but also changes in people's concepts; They interact and penetrate each other. Science and technology are permeated with humanistic factors, and humanistic factors are also permeated with science and technology. The relationship between scientific and technological development and humanistic factors is getting closer and closer in the process of acceleration.
The unity of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit has always been valued by many scientists. In the process of integration of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, we should advocate scientific spirit with humanistic spirit and humanistic spirit with scientific spirit; Or combine the science and technology of humanistic care with the humanistic science of scientific spirit to develop the science and technology full of humanistic care and human morality with scientific spirit.
High-tech development should not only conquer ignorance, but also have noble morality. Prigozin, the Nobel Prize winner, said that we are living in an era of great change. This change is so profound that a new dialogue between man and nature can really begin. Here, we "no longer use the passive and boring viewpoint depicted by the mechanical world outlook, but use a new viewpoint associated with natural activities." The new world in the future is a world where scientific spirit and humanistic spirit are unified.
In a word, scientific spirit and humanistic spirit are fundamentally complementary. Only by paying equal attention to both can we ensure the correct orientation and success of practice. It is very harmful to attach importance to one party, belittle one party or emphasize one party and ignore one party. In modern western philosophy, scientism and humanism have separated the complementarity and internal relationship between scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and formed two diametrically opposite views. Scientism advocates the supreme position and power of reason and science, denounces empty slogans about human value and dignity, and unilaterally advocates that knowledge is power; Humanism advocates irrationalism, opposes rationality and scientific progress, and advocates abstract personal values, personal ideals, personal standards and personal centers. The views of each side have caused different degrees of harm to society. The complementarity between scientific spirit and humanistic spirit mainly lies in that scientific spirit can ensure the real realization of humanistic spirit, while humanistic spirit can ensure the correct direction of scientific spirit. To truly understand the world, we must combine humanistic spirit with scientific spirit, and use comprehensive and cross-cutting methods and horizons to achieve the unity of pursuing truth and paying attention to value.
How to cultivate
In recent years, Harbin Institute of Technology has made great progress in the construction of humanistic spirit in higher education, and some domestic universities have done a lot of fruitful work in this regard. As a key university with fine traditions, our school shoulders the heavy responsibility of training more outstanding scientists for the motherland. In the process of higher education, how to cultivate students' attitude towards science, how to deepen the cultivation of scientific spirit in combination with humanistic education, so that the cultivated students can apply what they have learned in their future work and create valuable new concepts, systems and methods has become an important and urgent task before us. & ltBR & gt Scientific outlook is the cornerstone of higher education.