Galileo galilei is a math teacher in Padua. He wants to confirm Copernicus' new universe system.

In 1609,

The dawn of knowledge illuminates the earth,

This dawn came to shoot a small house in tuya.

Galileo galilei calculated:

The sun is still and the earth is spinning.

Pattaya, Galileo's humble research. In the morning, the housekeeper's son Andre came in with a glass of milk and a loaf of bread.

Galileo (scrubbing his upper body and sneezing happily) put the milk on the table and don't close the book.

Andrea's mother said, we must pay the milkman, or he will walk around our house, Mr. Galileo.

Galileo used our jargon: He drew a circle, Andrea.

Andrea, you can say whatever you want. If we don't pay, he will draw a circle around our house, Mr Galileo.

When the court executive Mr. Bian Ka wants to collect debts from us, which route will he take?

Andrea (smirking) The shortest one.

Galileo Yes, I want to show you something. Look at the back of the catalog.

[Andrea took out a huge wooden model of the Torremi universe system from the back of the catalogue (note [3]).

Andrea, what is this?

Galileo, this is the astrolabe. This thing will tell you how the planets go around the earth according to the old saying.

How did Andrea change?

Galileo, let's try. What did you say you saw?

In the middle of Andrea is a small stone head.

Galileo, that's the earth.

Andrea is surrounded by layers of round shells.

How many galileos?

Andrea is eight years old.

Galileo, these are all crystal objects.

Andrea, these round shells are inlaid with many spheres. ...

Galileo, there are many planets.

Andrea still has many written articles.

What is Galileo?

Andrea's name.

What is Galileo's name?

Andrea, the ball at the bottom says the moon and the sun is on it.

Galileo now makes the sun move.

Andrea (playing a record) is really nice. But we're trapped inside.

Galileo (wiping sweat) Yes, when I first saw this thing, I felt the same as you. Some people feel the same way. (He throws Andrea a handkerchief to wipe the sweat from his back) The wall and the round shell are still! For two thousand years, man believed that the sun and all the planets in the sky revolved around her. Pope, cardinal, marquis, scholars, captains, businessmen, fishmongers and schoolchildren all believe that they are sitting motionless in this crystal ball. But let's start sailing now, Andre, and start a great voyage. The old times have passed, and this is a new era. For a hundred years, mankind seems to be waiting for something.

Cities are narrow, and people's minds are narrow. Superstition and plague are widespread. But now we dare to say: this is the case now, and it will not be like this forever. Everything is moving, my friend.

I often think that it all started with a boat. In people's memory, the ship could only sail along the coast, but suddenly left the coast, crossed the ocean and flew away.

Our ancient continent has long had a legend: there are many new continents! Ever since our ship sailed there, people on our laughing continent have been saying that this huge and terrible ocean is just a small pool. Studying the root of everything has aroused great interest: why did the stone fall to the ground as soon as it was released, and how did it rise to the sky as soon as it was thrown? New discoveries are made every day. Centenarians let the young man shout in his ear and tell the latest novel stories.

Many things have been discovered, but there are still many things that have not been discovered, and there are many things that need to be done by the new generation.

When I was young, I saw several construction workers in Anna, Xi. After only arguing for five minutes, I came up with a new and better method of tying rope to replace the old-fashioned method of carrying granite blocks for thousands of years. At that time, I knew that the old times had passed and a new era had arrived! Humans will soon know the details of their residence and the celestial bodies they live in. What is said in the old books can no longer satisfy them.

A place ruled by faith for thousands of years is now suspected. People are saying: yes, that's what the book says, but now let's see for ourselves what's going on. The most solemn truths will be beaten, and those that have never been doubted are now suspected.

From then on, a strong wind blew away the golden robes worn by Marquis and bishops, revealing their thick legs and thin legs, just like our legs. The result is empty. A burst of happy laughter broke out for this.

But the river on the ground pushes the new rotating rod. On the dock, in the workshop where ropes and sails are made, 500 hands work in a new way at the same time.

I predict that while we are still alive, people will talk about astronomy in the market. All the children of the fishmonger have to go to school. Our citizens eager for innovation are glad to see a new kind of astronomy that can make the earth turn on its own. People have always said that planets are embedded in the transparent sky, so they won't fall. Now we have the courage to let them travel freely in space without support, just like our ships sailing in the sea.

The earth goes around the sun happily. Fish woman, businessman, marquis, cardinal, and even the Pope rolled over together.

Overnight, the universe lost its center and woke up in the morning with countless centers. Now everyone is the center, but not the center. Suddenly, a very vast space appeared before our eyes.

Our ship is sailing at sea and our planet is spinning in space. When playing chess, the current "bunker" (note [4]) can also walk around the chessboard.

What did the poet say? "Ah, the beginning of the morning! ……"

"Ah, the morning began!

Ah, the breeze is blowing from the new coast! "

It's time for you to drink milk. Someone will come later.

Galileo, do you understand what I said to you yesterday?

Andrea. What? You mean how the Copernican model rotates?

Galileo. Yes

Andrea, no. Why do you want me to understand this? It's too difficult. I won't be eleven until October.

Galileo, I just want you to understand. In order to make people understand this, I bought these expensive books instead of paying the milk bill.

Andrea, but I see that the sun doesn't stay in the same place at night and in the morning. How can it not move? I won't.

Galileo, look! What do you see? You didn't see anything. You just stare. Gazing is not watching. (He put an iron washstand in the middle of the room) Well, this is the sun. You sit down. (Andrea is sitting in a chair, Galileo is standing behind him) Where is the sun, right or left?

Andrea is on the left.

Galileo, how did it get to the right?

Andrea, when you move it to the right, of course it is on the right.

Is that all Galileo did? (He and Andrea lift the chair together and let him turn half a circle) Where is the sun now?

Andrea: Yes.

Galileo, did it move by itself?

Andrea, no.

What moved Galileo?

Andrea, I ... ...

Galileo (growling) No! Idiot! Chair!

Andrea, it's me and the chair!

Galileo. Of course. The chair is the earth. You sit on it.

Mrs Charty (comes in. Make the bed. What are you going to do with my child? Mr Galileo.

I taught him to watch Galileo, Saudi Arabia.

Mrs Charty, did you just drag him around the house?

Andrea, mom, leave it alone. You don't understand this.

Mrs. Chatty, right? You know that. How's it going? A rich young master wants to be your student, dressed beautifully and holding a letter of introduction in his hand. (delivering a letter) You taught my family Andrea that two times two equals five, and he turned your teaching upside down. Last night, he also proved to me that the earth moves around the sun and said that it was calculated by a man named Copernicus.

Andrea, didn't Copernicus find this? Tell her, Mr Galileo.

What, did you really tell him this nonsense? He talks nonsense at school, and all the gentlemen in the church come to us because of his nonsense. Mr Galileo, you should be shy!

Mrs Galileo (having breakfast), on the basis of our research and after some heated academic discussions, Andrea and I discovered many things together. We can't keep it from the world for too long. A new era has begun, a great era: people living in this era are happy.

Mrs. Chatty. Mm-hmm. I hope we can afford milk in this new era, Mr Galileo. (pointing to the letter of introduction) Please make me happy once and don't send him away. I'm thinking about milk. (below)

Galileo (laughs) You must let me finish my milk! (to Andre) Yesterday, we had some ideas!

Andrea, I just want to surprise her. What you just said is wrong. You just moved the chair aside with me, that's not it. (Extend your arm forward and make a gesture) So I'm definitely going to fall. Why don't you turn your chair forward? Because if I spin like that, I'll get out of the earth. Do you have anything else to say?

Galileo, I have proved to you. ...

Andrea: Last night, I found that if the earth turns like this, my head will fall off at night. You can't refute the facts.

Galileo (picks up an apple from the table) Here, this is the earth.

Mr. Andre Galileo, don't always give me examples of these things. Of course you have an idea.

Galileo (putting the apple back on the table) OK.

Andrea, cunning people can always draw inferences from others. But I can't drag my mother to sit in a chair like you did to me. Look how bad this example is. What does it mean to treat apples as the earth? It doesn't make any sense.

Galileo (laughs) You don't want to know anything.

Andrea, please take the apple again. Why don't you head down at night?

Galileo, this is the earth. You stand here. (Picking up a piece of wood from the stove cover and inserting it into the apple) Now the earth is turning.

Andrea, now my head is down.

How could Galileo? Take a closer look! Where's the head?

Andrea (pointing to the apple) Here. Below.

Galileo what? (He turns the apple back) Isn't it where it was? Aren't there two feet down there? Will you stand like this when I turn around? (He takes out the wood chip and turns it upside down)

Andrea is not. Why can't I feel the rotation at all?

Galileo, because you turn with me! You and the air above you, and everything on the ball.

Why does Andrea look like the sun walking?

Galileo (turning the apple with sawdust again) In this way, you can see the earth below you. It's always under you. It won't be your turn. Now look at your head. You have a light on your head. What's on your head when I turn it?

Andrea (spinning with them) stove.

Where is the Galileo lamp?

Andrea, down there.

Galileo. Aha.

Andrea is great. This will definitely surprise mom.

[Ludovico Masili, a rich young master, walks in.

Galileo, it's like a pigeon's nest here. It's a mess

Good morning, Ludovico, sir. My name is Ludovico Masilli.

Galileo (looking at his letter of introduction carefully) Have you ever been to Holland?

Ludovi: But I heard a lot of rumors about you there, Mr Galileo.

Galileo, does your family have a manor in the suburbs of Rome?

Ludovi can. Mom wants me to open my eyes and see the world.

Galileo You heard in Holland that there was a Galileo in Italy?

Ludovico's mother also wants me to know something about pediatrics.

Galileo taught privately for one month 10 Scudder.

Ludovi is fine, sir.

Galileo, what do you like?

Ludovi can ride a horse.

Galileo. Aha.

Ludovi, but I'm not interested in science.

Galileo. Aha. In that case. Fifteen motorcycles a month.

Ludovi is fine, Mr Galileo.

Galileo, I will give you a lecture in the morning. Andrea, now you are going to suffer. Of course it's not your turn if you don't pay the tuition, okay?

Andrea, I'm leaving. Can you take the apple away?

Galileo, take it.

Andrea.

Ludovi, you should be patient with me, because everything in science is different from what normal people think. Take this strange round lens barrel sold in Amsterdam for example. I studied it carefully, a box made of green leather, two lenses: one like this (he painted a concave lens) and the other like this (he painted a convex lens). It is said that one lens enlarges and the other lens shrinks. Smart people will think that these two shots will cancel each other out. No, everything people see with this guy is magnified five times. This is your science.

What did Galileo see magnified five times?

Ludovico church spire, pigeons, everything in the distance.

Galileo, have you seen the enlarged church spire with your own eyes?

Ludovi Certainly, sir.

Galileo, there are two lenses in this circular lens barrel? (He drew a pattern on the paper) Is that right? (Lu Duowei nods) How long has this invention been?

Ludovico: I believe it was a few days ago at most. When I left Holland, it was just on the market.

Galileo (seemingly friendly) Why did he have to study physics instead of raising horses?

Galileo didn't notice Mrs. Chatty when she came in.

Ludovi, but my mother says she needs to know something about science. People nowadays drink with a little science, you know.

Galileo You can choose an ancient language that people no longer use, or study theology, which will be much easier. (seeing Mrs. Chatty) All right, come on Tuesday morning.

[Lu Duowei can leave now.

Galileo, don't look at me like that. I took him.

Mrs. Charty, because you just saw me. The university director is waiting outside.

Galileo brought him in. I just need him. He may bring me 500 scooters, so I don't have to bring private school students anymore.

[Mrs. Chatty leads the supervisor in. Galileo got dressed and wrote down the size on a piece of paper.

Good morning, Galileo. Please lend me half a scooter. (handing the money in the supervisor's pocket to Mrs Charty) Mrs Charty, you ask Andrea to go to the optical shop to buy two lenses. This is the size.

Mrs. Chatty is too old to remember notes.

Speaker, I'm here because you asked for a raise to 1000 Scott. Unfortunately, I can't agree with it in college. As you know, mathematics colleagues have not brought practical benefits to the university. It can be said that mathematics is a thirsty industry. It's not that our country doesn't attach importance to mathematics. It is not as necessary as philosophy, nor as useful as theology, but it brings endless fun to scholars.

Galileo (pointing to the application) My dear sir, I can't be with 500 scooters all day.

Mr. Galileo, the director of the school, but you only have classes twice a week for two hours each time. Your good reputation will certainly attract private students. You can find as much as you want, and they can afford the tuition. You don't have private students?

Mr Galileo, I have too many students. I teach and teach, but when do I study? God, I'm not as proficient as the gentlemen in the philosophy department. I am so stupid that I don't know anything. I must fill in the gaps in my knowledge. When should I do this job? Where did I get the time to study science? Sir, how much I need knowledge of this science! For those most important questions, we have only put forward assumptions so far, but we ask ourselves to come up with empirical evidence. If I have to instill knowledge into every idiot who can pay tuition in order to maintain my life, how can I move forward in the future? Isn't this like two parallel lines that can never intersect?

Don't forget completely, supervisor, the Republic of China may not be willing to give money like some Marquis, but the freedom to study and study is guaranteed here. We even allowed Protestants to attend the tuya Conference as observers and awarded them doctorates. Mr Galileo, when people confirmed to us that Cary Monini had said something he didn't believe, we not only failed to refer him to the Inquisition, but also approved an increase in his salary. As far away as the Netherlands, it is known that Venice is a republic, and the Inquisition has no right to speak here. This is valuable to you as an astronomer. Your industry has long disrespected the creed that should be respected!

Galileo, you sent giordano bruno from here to Rome because he spread Copernicus.

No, not because he spread Copernicus. Of course, this theory is wrong, but because he is not a Venetian, he has no proper job here. Please don't mention this burned man again. By the way, even in the freest place, don't shout the name of the church everywhere, even here, yes, even here.

Galileo, your protection of freedom of thought is a good deal, isn't it? You want to use this to prove that the inquisition in other places dominates everything, even burning people, so that you can get cheap and good teachers. The advantage of protecting freedom of thought in front of the inquisition is low salary.

The supervisor is unfair! It's not fair! If any ignorant monk in the Inquisition has the right to ban your thoughts, even if you have enough free time to study science, what's the use to you? There is no rose without a thorn, no marquis without a monk, Mr Galileo!

Galileo but without the freedom to learn knowledge, what's the use of learning? What will happen? Maybe you can show this research result about the law of free fall to the gentlemen in the Senate. (He points to a manuscript) Ask them if it is worth buying more motorcycles!

This is priceless, Mr. Galileo.

Galileo is not priceless, but it is more valuable than 500 motorcycles, sir.

For the school supervisor, the only valuable things are those that can earn money back. If you want money, you must think of other ways. How much can you charge for selling your knowledge? At most, it's just the money that people who buy your knowledge can earn. Take philosophy as an example. Columbus sold it in Florence, bringing at least 10,000 scooters to Marquis every year. Your law of free fall will cause a sensation, and people in Paris and Prague will applaud you. But those gentlemen who clap desperately won't give you a penny from Patouillat University. Mr Galileo, your misfortune is your major.

Galileo I understand: free to buy and sell, free to learn. Free trade in scientific research, right?

Mr Galileo, the school director! What is this point of view! Allow me to say that I don't fully understand your interesting explanation. I don't think the prosperous trade between * * and China should be underestimated. As a university director for many years, I can't at least use this tone. Please allow me to talk about scientific research in this rash tone. (Then Galileo casts his eager eyes on the workbench) Think about the situation around you! Science groans in some places under the whip of slavery! In those places, people use the leather covers of ancient books as whips to force people to obey everything. People don't need to understand how the stone fell to the ground, just know what Aristotle wrote about it. People have two eyes to read. What's the use of the new law of free fall when we know that the law of kneeling is the most important? Our country accepts your brave thoughts, and you get endless happiness here! You can study and work here! Nobody's looking at you! Nobody's forcing you! Our businessmen know what high-quality hemp rope means when they compete freely with the Florentines. They are glad to hear your call for "more advanced physics". In the past, it was the demand for better looms that promoted the development of physics. Our most outstanding citizens are very interested in your research. They come to see your invention and know that their time is precious. Mr Galileo, don't look down on doing business. No one here will allow even the slightest interruption to your work, and no one will allow irrelevant people to bring you any difficulties. Mr Galileo, you don't have to argue, you can work here!

Galileo was (disappointedly).

What the school supervisor said is true. I hope you can come up with something beautiful, such as making your exquisite scale. Even people who know nothing about mathematics can draw a straight line with this ruler (he counted, only a few). It can calculate the compound interest of a large amount of capital, draw a plan to reduce or expand the scale of real estate, and determine the weight of a shell.

Galileo gadgets.

What fascinates and surprises noble elders, and what can bring cash, you regard these as gadgets. I heard that General Stefano Gerety can use this guy to calculate the square root!

Galileo is indeed a miracle-Priuri, anyway, you remind me of many things. Priuri, maybe I can show you something you want. (He picks up the patterned paper)

The school director, right? This may be a solution. (Stand up) Mr. Galileo, we know that you are a great man, a great and dissatisfied man, if I may say so.

Galileo Yes, I'm not satisfied. If you were wiser, you should give me a raise. I'm not satisfied with myself, but don't worry about it, just try your best to make me satisfied with you. Gentlemen of Venice, I am very happy to work in your famous arsenal, dock and gun depot. But you don't give me time, let me continue to infer that this is what my scientific field forces me to do. You tied the mouth of the strong cow pulling the iron plow to stop it from eating grass. I am forty-six years old and have never done anything that satisfies me.

Director, I don't want to bother you any more.

Galileo, thank you.

[Under the supervisor.

Galileo stopped alone for a minute and then began to work. Then Andre ran in.

Galileo (work) Why don't you eat apples?

Andrea, I want my mother to see how the earth goes around.

Galileo Andrea, I want to tell you, don't tell anyone what we think.

Andrea, then why?

Galileo's government banned the idea.

Andrea, but it's true.

Galileo's government banned it. In this case, we should also think that physicists have so far been unable to prove what we think is right. The great Copernican theory has not been proved, it is just a hypothesis. Give me the camera.

Andrea, half the history is not enough. I left my coat there as collateral.

Galileo, what will you do without a coat in winter?

[Pause. Galileo arranged the lenses on patterned paper.

Andrea, what is a hypothesis?

Galileo When people see that something is possible, but have not found the facts to support it, it is a hypothesis. For example, it is a hypothesis that Aunt Felicity sat at the door of the laundry to feed the baby instead of asking for milk from the baby before people saw and confirmed it. Facing countless planets, we can only see a few with muddy eyes like insects. The ancient theory that people have believed for thousands of years is incomplete. It is like a crumbling tall building, supported by only a few wooden pillars. Many laws are rarely explained, but there are also some new assumptions. Although there are few laws, there are many explanations.

Andrea, but you already confirmed it for me.

Galileo: No, just what can be confirmed now. As you can see now, this hypothesis is wonderful and nothing can refute it.

Andrea: I also want to be a physicist, Mr Galileo.

Galileo: I believe there are still many problems to be solved in our field. He approaches the window and looks through the lens, becoming more and more interested. ) Andrea, take this.

Maria Andrea, everything is getting closer. The Zhong Zhen on the peak of Ka panini is near, and I can clearly see the four characters of "God's Grace" engraved on it.

Galileo can bring us 500 scooters.

two

Galileo showed Venice a new invention.

All that great men do is not great,

Galileo likes to eat delicious food.

Look, don't get mad about it,

This is the truth of the telescope.

Venice. A large arsenal near the pier. The governor leads the senators. Next to Galileo's friend Chagledu and Virginia Galileo, who was 15 years old, she was holding a velvet cushion with a 60 cm telescope in a crimson leather box. Galileo stood on a small platform. The mirror grinder, Yi Deer Tsoni, stood behind the telescope bracket to nurse him.

Your Excellency Galileo, distinguished senators and gentlemen! As a math teacher of Patua University in your school and the director of Venice Arsenal, my duty is not only to carry out the lofty teaching mission, but also to create extraordinary benefits for Venice and China with useful inventions. Today, with the greatest happiness and the most deferential mood, I introduce a new instrument, my telescope. This is made in your world-famous arsenal according to the highest science and the principles of Christ, and it is the result of your loyal servants 17 years' dedicated research.

Galileo left the small platform and stood beside Chagledu. Applause Galileo and bow.

Galileo (whispering to Charlie Gredo) Waste of time!

You can pay the butcher now, old man.

Galileo. Yes This will bring them a lot of money. (Bowing again)

Speaker (stepping onto the podium), Your Excellency, distinguished elders and gentlemen! A glorious page of Venice has been added to the great art books. A scholar who lived up to expectations gave you a telescope with a good market. We can make it and sell it in the market, just like you used to like to do. (Applause) Have you thought about it? In war, we can identify the number and types of their ships two hours before the enemy, know their strength, and then decide whether we should pursue, fight or hide. Your Excellency, respected elders, Mr. Galileo, please accept the instrument he invented from his beautiful daughter, which is the result of his painstaking efforts.

[Music. Virginia stepped forward, bowed and handed the telescope to the supervisor. He took it and gave it to Fadel, damn it. Faidel, damn it, go to the bracket and put the telescope away. The governor and senators stepped onto the platform and observed with binoculars.

Galileo (whispering) I can't promise you that I will put up with this farce. These people think they have got something to make money, but it's not that simple. I used this round lens to observe the moon last night.

Cha Gredo, what do you see?

Galileo himself did not shine.

What's Chagery?

Mr Galileo, I can see Santa Tacta Castle-they are having lunch on the boat and frying fish pieces. My mouth is watering.

Galileo, I'm telling you, astronomy stopped for 1000 years because they didn't have telescopes.

Old people, Mr Galileo!

Chagery is talking to you.

Yuan Lao sees this guy too clearly. I have to tell my women never to bathe on the balcony again.

Galileo, do you know what the Milky Way is made of?

Chagley doesn't even know.

Galileo, I know.

This guy Yuan Lao is worth ten scooters, Mr Galileo.

[Galileo bows.

Virginia (brings Dovi to her father) Dad, Rudvi can congratulate you.

Ludovico (hesitates) I congratulate you, sir.

alley