Question 2: What are general education courses and what are non-professional courses? Zhejiang Normal University is divided into general education 1 and general education 2. General education 1 is compulsory for all students, such as mathematics and English in Chinese department. General education 2 is an optional course for all students, including liberal arts and science. Liberal arts can choose science, and science can choose liberal arts.
Question 3: What are the general education courses of humanities and social sciences?
As long as etiquette knowledge is suitable for humanities and social sciences, general education has become a "compulsory course": China writing, western civilization; Freshman's second semester: introduction to Chinese communication, Chinese civilization and psychology; Sophomore: art and aesthetics, critical thinking and moral reasoning, introduction to life science.
Question 4: What is general education 1? Foreword ── The evolution from "the same subject" to "general education"
The word "general education" has appeared widely in domestic university parks, which is still a recent thing. When it comes to the origin of "general education", we can't help but mention the early "* * * same compulsory course" (referred to as compulsory course) teaching. 1958 "* * * the same compulsory course" issued by the Ministry of Education mainly focuses on Chinese, English, history and the thought of founding the country. Since August 1984, Chinese universities have started to implement the elective system of general education courses, and universities have successively implemented general education. By analogy, it seems that the "* * * same subject" teaching that has been implemented for many years can be regarded as the predecessor of general education curriculum. However, there is a huge difference between the two. During the teaching of "* * * in the same subject", due to the restrictions of political environment, teachers, teaching materials and other aspects, it gives people a bad impression that "* * * in the same subject" teaching is brainwashing, cramming and mixing credits. After a decade or two of exploration, practice and improvement, there has been a consensus on what is "general education" on campus, but it is still an unclear concept for freshmen and the general public.
Second, the concept and connotation of general education
The most fundamental idea of general education should be the cultivation of general thinking ability, that is, the ability to think deeper, see wider and judge more accurately. In other words, the general thinking ability should include the cultivation of comprehensive abilities such as thinking, perception, understanding, analysis, imagination, creation, judgment and insight, and this ability comes from the training of integrating different knowledge. Therefore, the diversity and diversification of general education courses can be imagined, and the importance of general education in university education is self-evident.
The implementation of general education, on the one hand, is to continue the teaching foundation of secondary education, especially humanities and social sciences courses, on the other hand, it is to continuously strengthen the preparatory education for college students' independence and self-reliance in the future. To this end, the connotation of general education can be expounded from the following angles:
1. Basic education: General education is a formative education for college students before they enter the professional education stage, which can be said to be a generalized basic education, in which Chinese courses and interdisciplinary introductory courses are important basic education for understanding different cultures and different knowledge fields.
2. Whole-person education: Whole-person education is the education of complete personality, which aims to avoid students' biased personality development due to too much professional training in science and technology.
3. Lifelong learning education: General education is not only a part of university education, but also a fundamental education for students to continue their study and growth after leaving the university campus.
In a word, general education should not be a general education to learn everything, but an education to teach students how to combine theory with life and how to integrate all kinds of knowledge.
The content of general education.
With the impact of the ideological trend of university autonomy, campus democratization and teaching diversification, the general education courses that have just been liberated from the "same door" teaching can be said to be varied and dazzling, and even courses such as "flower arrangement art", "pet breeding" and "gem identification" have been included in the general education courses. So far, there has been a clear outline of what the main contents of general education courses should include. For example, the following topics are often mentioned:
First, humanities education-especially literature, history, philosophy, art and other courses;
The second is social science education-including political science, sociology, psychology, economics and other courses;
Third, natural science education-including physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology and other courses;
Four, management science education-including information technology and other courses;
Five, life education-including death, life science and other courses;
Six, gender education-including marriage and family, gender equality and other courses;
7. Environmental education-including ecological conservation and environmental protection courses;
8. Civic education-including the rule of law and human rights education.
These courses are not only planned according to the nature of the field, but also multi-disciplinary and multi-professional courses have gradually become the characteristics of general education courses in various schools. Through the integration and dialogue of different disciplines, it is more conducive to the implementation of the concept of general education.
Fourthly, the misunderstanding of general education.
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Question 5: What is general education? General education is the translation of English "general education" or "liberal education", and some scholars have translated it into "general education" and "general education", which is a special way of education.
General education itself originated in19th century. At that time, many European and American scholars thought that the academic disciplines of modern universities were too specialized and their knowledge was seriously divided, so they founded general education, with the aim of cultivating students to think independently and have knowledge of different disciplines, so that they could master different knowledge, with the ultimate goal of cultivating complete and complete people. Since the 20th century, general education has become a compulsory subject in European and American universities. The concept of general education has a long history. The Book of Changes advocates that "a gentleman has knowledge before he speaks"; The doctrine of the mean advocates "learning, asking, thinking, distinguishing and doing" in learning. The ancients always thought that mastery and mastery could only be achieved with knowledge. Huai Nan Zi said, "You gain wisdom without pains". General education can cultivate people with all-round development, which can also be called all-round development.
Question 6: What are the general courses? It is a non-professional course. Zhejiang Normal University is divided into general education 1 and general education 2. General education 1 is compulsory for all students, such as Chinese, mathematics and English. General education 2 is an optional course for all students, including liberal arts and science. Liberal arts can choose science, and science can choose liberal arts.
Question 7: What is the difference between junior college education and general education? The difference between general education and general education lies in:
Meaning: Specialized education is an education aimed at a certain professional direction. General education has two meanings: one is general education; The second refers to holistic education. As a popular subject in modern times, the concept of general education can be traced back to the six arts education thought in the pre-Qin period and the liberal arts education thought in ancient Greece in the west.
Objective: The goal of general education is to cultivate students' professional knowledge, make students proficient in the courses of a certain major and improve their professional ability. General education is to cultivate students' thinking ability, organizational ability and wisdom, so that students can learn to think independently. The knowledge gained from general education and the tools of investigation and analysis will enable you to have your own views, attitudes, values and concepts. These views, attitudes, values and concepts are not from the authority of parents, peers and professors, nor are they based on ignorance, whimsy or prejudice, but on your own reliable understanding and investigation, demonstration and evaluation of evidence. Make students feel that the world has become understandable.
Question 8: What is the purpose of choosing the elective course of general education of educational knowledge and ability? What is the purpose and function of general education in universities?
To discuss the reform of university education and general education, we really need to think deeply about what kind of people universities train, that is, what is the purpose and function of general education. The purpose and function of general education should be consistent with the essence of higher education. The essence of education is to cultivate and mold people. ⑤ By improving students' humanistic quality, enhancing social care, correctly handling various relationships, and strengthening life skills and scientific quality, we can achieve the goal of cultivating and shaping "conscientious people" and "free people". Only when a person has a conscience can his ability be meaningful to society; Only when a person becomes a "free man" can he be talented and creative. Cultivating and shaping "people with conscience" and "free people" is the fundamental purpose and function of general education in China University.
(1) The primary purpose of general education is to cultivate and shape "people with conscience". The primary purpose of education is to make people kind. General education should first be a kind of conscience education. Conscience is the foundation of human nature. Without conscience, human bad habits will be exposed. Many social ills, such as drug abuse, robbery, fraud, murder and family breakdown, are related to people's conscience. Mr. Cai Yuanpei once said: "Education should help the educated, develop his own ability, improve his personality and contribute to human culture." The duty of education is not only to give people the skills to make a living, but more importantly, to improve people's minds with noble morality, and to think about the relationship between people, people and society, people and nature, and what kind of social responsibilities individuals should bear.
With pure economic growth as the goal, the country's construction has made rapid progress.
The imbalance between short-term interests and long-term interests in population-oriented and development strategies makes the progress from humanistic society to ecological environment unsustainable. This narrow utilitarianism has influenced the construction of social humanistic spirit. Nowadays, education is largely limited to the knowledge and skills necessary to adapt to industrial civilization. Universities are used to specialized education mode, and teachers, students, courses, teaching methods and even management systems and rules are the most efficient. But people lack the imprint of professional education and are considered to be the most portable.
Basic principles and compassion, lack of sense of morality and justice. Mr. Cai Yuanpei pointed out: "We should reflect on whether universities really care about students and whether they have enough ability to better tell every student the truth of life. If they lack an understanding of the value of life, how can they cherish the future and influence society? " Although educational institutions at all levels are constantly expanding the depth and breadth of moral education, it is more a mere formality than the kind of conscience education that can internalize human behavior. Universities should deeply reflect on the origin of education, re-recognize the mission of universities, pay attention to cultivating students' ability to observe and understand problems by using human knowledge traditions, and cultivate students' concern and insight into practical problems, that is, to shape students into "people with conscience" with social responsibility.
(2) Cultivating and shaping "free men" is another important purpose of general education. One of the purposes and functions of university education is to cultivate free people. The purpose of education is to bring people from one state to another, to another more ideal and complete state. The famous "cave" metaphor in Plato's Republic is about the essence of education, that is, bringing people out of the illusory cave and seeing the sun symbolizing the idea of goodness. When Kant answered "what is enlightenment", he also clarified that people should bravely and openly use reason to completely liberate themselves from immaturity. Therefore, the free development of human beings is one of the important purposes of education. ⑦ The purpose of general education is to cultivate students' effective thinking and improve their ability to express ideas, judge and identify values.
Question 9: What is general education in universities? 5. General education, first of all, refers to an educational concept, a universal education concept, a university-running concept, and people from all walks of life learn together.
Question 10: What aspects does the classification of university courses include? General courses refer to the courses that all students majoring in arts and sciences have to take.
General education curriculum refers to the non-professional education curriculum provided to college students through the implementation of general education in colleges and universities. For example, introducing non-economic courses, such as environmental science, earth science, biochemistry, ballistic weapons, nanotechnology, traditional Chinese medicine, management science and systems engineering, meteorology and other courses in financial colleges and universities will bring a lot of knowledge and information outside the existing disciplines of the school, expand students' cognition of different disciplines and broaden their horizons.
Any course refers to one or more courses offered to students by colleges and universities within the prescribed credits and according to the prescribed courses.
Directional courses are mainly majors offered by universities, so they will be offered in many directions. For example, finance has the direction of securities, money banking and international finance. If the future graduate student or employment destination is securities investment, then securities is the course for students in this direction.