Points. What are their properties, such as activity factor, permeability factor, conductivity and molar conductivity?
Different characteristics.
Solution: First electrolyte, second electrolyte, strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte can all pass through.
Whether the electrolyte can be completely dissociated in the solution and the degree of dissociation. If electrolyte is present
The solution can be completely dissociated, so there are no undissociated solute molecules or positive and negative ions in the solution.
Association, called the first electrolyte. If the electrolyte is only partially dissociated in the solution, that is, the solution
There are undissociated molecules, in which atoms are combined in the form of valence bonds, or positive and negative ions are associated.
The formed ion pair is called the second electrolyte. In the second electrolyte, if the electrolyte solution
Dissociation degree is very small, and there are undissociated molecules at dilute concentration, which is called weak electrolyte. Others include
The first electrolyte is collectively called strong electrolyte.
In electrolyte solution, because the electrolyte is partially or completely dissociated into positive and negative ions, one
Generally, there are four components, namely undissociated electrolyte, positive and negative ions and solvent, which are divided according to routine.
Don't define its activity and activity factor. On the other hand, due to the activity and activity factor of a single ion
It is impossible to determine in experiment, so the average activity of ions and the average activity factor of ions are introduced in practice.
Concept. In general, the electrolyte is also treated as a whole, that is, regardless of its actual state in solution.
State. For the first electrolyte, because there is no undissociated electrolyte, the electrolyte is regarded as a whole.
The activity of is defined as the product of the activity of positive ions and negative ions and stoichiometry. In addition, it also
The permeability coefficient is defined to represent the non-ideality of solvents, which is mainly used for dilute solutions.
Conductivity and molar conductivity are both systematic characteristics to measure the conductivity of electrolyte solution.
Make love. The main factors affecting the conductivity of the solution are the number, valence state and electricity of ions contained in the solution.
Liquidity The purpose of introducing molar conductivity is to fix the amount of electrolyte so that it can
Compare the differences in conductivity of ions with different electrolytes or valence states. Generally speaking, strong
The conductivity of electrolyte is greater than that of weak electrolyte. Whether it is a strong electrolyte or a weak electrolyte, it
With the increase of concentration, their conductivity first increases and then decreases, and their molar conductivity increases with the increase of concentration.
The concentration increases and decreases, but the change of weak electrolyte is much greater than that of strong electrolyte, mainly because when
With the increase of concentration, the former not only reduces the electromigration of a single ion, but also significantly reduces the number of ions due to the decrease of dissociation degree.
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