Xin surname is rare, and it is familiar to people in modern times because of its abundant talents. But when did Xin Shi appear in the literature?
We searched the name index of the Song Dynasty. Although there is a Xin surname, there is no Xin surname, which is even more difficult to find before the Tang Dynasty.
Fortunately, I can see Wang Yinglin, a famous university expert in the Song Dynasty, saying "I'm glad to talk about Xin Ru", and bet on the word "Xin" in "Xin's See Family Name". It can be seen that Xin surname has been included in the book "Compilation of Surnames" in the Song Dynasty.
In this respect, we are still not satisfied, because this is only an isolated evidence based on the Wang Yinglin family, and it is best to find the book Collection of Surnames. Unfortunately, it is difficult for us to see this book now, and there is no record of this book in any library in the national rare book. In all the books on surnames in the Song Dynasty, such as Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames Books edited by Deng in the Song Dynasty, Xin's surname is not introduced, so it is difficult to find circumstantial evidence.
Fortunately, we found the version record of the surname book in Song Dynasty. According to the collation of the Collection of Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames, there are surnames in the Catalogue of Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames published by Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, which belongs to the 21 ST Xin Department of Shanghai Pingsheng. But unfortunately, this publication is incomplete, and the twenty-one symplectic department is just incomplete, so we still can't understand the source of symplectic family.
Nevertheless, we found circumstantial evidence that Xin's surname first appeared in the works of Song people, proving that Xin's surname was first known in Song Dynasty. This is also in line with the statement that the ancestor of the Xin family in Taogongshan, Yindong began in the Song Dynasty. According to the literature, we should be able to draw a conclusion.
Song has the name of new village.
When I looked up Siku Quanshu, I saw a poem about Xincun. This is a five-character poem written by Wang Yang in the Southern Song Dynasty. The poem is called "since the new village lost because of wine, the bamboo stick was lost." The poem says: I am poor, so there is fate. When my brother is old, the purpose of the book has been handed down. Support the descent only by providing a straight line, rather than following a circle. I bid farewell to drunkenness, how can I not feel sad.
Born in Yangshan, Wang Yang won the second place in the provincial examination. Xuanhe six-year (1 124) Grade A student, Shaoxing Leiguan (11).
It can be seen from this poem that he has been to Xincun. I just don't know where this new village is. Also check "Xian Chun Lin An Zhi", and see that there are A Xin Tong Weir in Guo Feng Township, Ganxian County, and Xi Weir in A Xin Village, Yuxian Township, Changhua County. It is estimated that this new village may be near the new village weir. Xian Chun reigned from 1265 to 1275, which was the last year of the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Yang was an official in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his activity place was also near Hangzhou (Lin 'an), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. So there is reason to believe that he had been to Xin Village, Yuxian Township, Changhua County, Lin 'an area.
Are Xin surname and Xin surname a family?
Xin and Xin are often confused in some surname dictionaries. Because the sound and meaning of Xin and Xin are similar, there are some misunderstandings that Xin is also called Xin. As a result, some people wrote the New Watch of the Five Dynasties as the New Watch, some people wrote the New Capital of the Yuan Dynasty as the New Capital, and even Duan Guangqing, who was the magistrate of Yinxian County, the magistrate of Ningbo and Daotai during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, wrote the New History of Tao Gongshan as the New History.
In fact, if understood in a broad sense, Xin and Xin are synonyms, which may become a family, but the historical materials in this regard are difficult to find. Moreover, there are several homonym surnames, such as Xin, Xin and Xin, which are relatively rare surnames, and in fact, few people will say that these surnames all started from the same family. Judging from the existing literature, it is also difficult to see that "Xin" and "Xin" were once a family.
According to the surname written by Chen Shiyuan during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, "Xin's surname" goes: Tian Shui people "; "Xin surname," Thousand Surnames "cloud: Bohai people". Tianshui is in Tianshui City, Gansu Province, and Bohai Sea is in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. Two surnames are thousands of miles apart. Of course, Thousand Family Names said that Bo Haigui was based on Xin Biao of the Five Dynasties, because history books said that he was from Bohai. According to the "Tongzhi" clan, "Xin looked out of the West River". It should be from Xihe county, which is the west bank of the Yellow River in eastern Shaanxi today. Of course, there is also a saying that it refers to the west of the old Yellow River estuary, that is, the west bank of the Yellow River from Henan to Shandong, not far from Bohai County.
In addition, according to the China Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Surnames, which was compiled by using modern statistical data recently, there are many differences in the distribution of Xin surnames and Xin surnames, so it is hard to say that there are similarities.
Xin surname: distributed in Songjiang, Shanghai, Huai 'an, Hebei, Shangyi, Taiyuan, Datong, Wuhai, Inner Mongolia, Wuchang, Hubei, Guichi, Anhui, Ningde, Fujian and Mabian, Sichuan.
Xin surname: distributed in Nenjiang of Heilongjiang, Yutai of Shandong, Yuyao of Zhejiang, Taiyuan of Shanxi, Changzhi, Linfen and other places. According to the survey of China Surnames Dictionary, Xin surnames are still distributed in Laoting, Hebei, Linze, Gansu, Huainan, Anhui, Chishui, Gaochun, Wujin, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Yuyao and Jiangshan.
So, when did "the combination of heart and heart" begin to have this statement? In the genealogy of Xin's family in Taogongshan, Yindong, it was mentioned that Xin's predecessors had "Xin Biao" (that is, Xin Biao in the Five Dynasties), but it was not said that there was a surname in the Spring and Autumn Period. There are two sources of Xin surname: after Cao Shu raised his son in the Spring and Autumn Period and after his grandson in the Spring and Autumn Period. We also consulted some literatures and found that Xin and Xin were also related in the Textual Research on Zang Surnames published by 192 1. He quoted two pieces of information about the origin of Xin in the History of the Road and said: "Xin Wei, or after Xin was the capital of Yuan Dynasty". He also said: "In the Yuan Dynasty, Xin was also the capital of Xin, and then there was Xin's family." . Other surname books say: "Xin surname, Xin surname." These are all unknown sources and causes and effects. It is precisely because some people regard Xin and Xin as synonyms and infer that they are Xin and Xin's family that Xin and Xin's are confused.
Interestingly, after hundreds of years of historical changes, there are still three kinds of Xin genealogy, but the Xin genealogy has not been recorded. We very much hope to see the genealogy of Xin family, so as to further solve the historical mystery of Xin and Xin.
Traces of Shexian County in Tianshui.
In the Ming Dynasty, "Thousand Family Names" said, "Xin's family is a celestial aquarium." However, the source of the information is not specified, and it is believed that the person who compiled Thousand Surnames at that time should have checked the surname classics and local chronicles before the Ming Dynasty, and the information at that time should be more reliable than what we see now.
At the same time, we also found traces of Wang Tianshui's household registration in Xin county when we made textual research on the birthplace of three people named Xin mentioned in Wan Xing Tong Pu. One of the three new names is Xin Wei, who comes from Wubao. Wubu county is in the north of Shaanxi, near Tianshui County. If he hadn't moved from Fujian, he might have settled in Gansu and Shaanxi. We hope to find his historical materials.
New hometown Boluokao
The first person named Xin recorded in Wanxing Tongpu was Xin, who was said to be a Boluo person, a Chenghua juren and a teacher.
There are two places in Boluo, one is Boluo County in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, which is a county name. The other is a small town in the northeast of Yuhang County, Zhejiang Province, called Boluo Town, also called Bolu or Bolu Town, not far from Deqing County, where Xinxiang is a teacher.
According to common sense, it seems that the native place should be reported by the county name, that is to say, people from Boluo County, Guangdong Province. It shows that Xin's family moved from Nan 'an to Guangdong. If it was written in the middle of Chenghua, then the name of New Gong Xun should be found in the records of Boluo County compiled by Ming and Qing Dynasties.
However, if you live in Boluo Town, not far from Deqing County, you should check the Yuhang County Records compiled by the Qing Dynasty, and you should also find Xin's name there. Because this is also related to the Xin family moving south to Guangdong.
Distribution of Xin in Taogongshan during the Republic of China
To understand the distribution of the Xin family in Taogongshan during the Republic of China, it is best to consult the Yinxian Tongzhi, which was created and revised in the 22nd year of the Republic of China and completed in the 26th year of the Republic of China. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it was further revised and printed only in 195 1. It is a county annals containing a large number of old data of Yin county, which brings together a lot of painstaking efforts and precious historical materials of historians of past dynasties.
There is a passage introducing the Xin family in Yinxian Tongzhi Geography Clan Volume: "Our family's production only depends on fishing, and it is said that it is still developing in recent years. There are also many people who are doing business in Shanghai. Therefore, the livelihood of each family is not exhausted. " He also said: "Businessmen are the most, followed by fishing, followed by agriculture, with the least learning, and occasionally officials."
At that time, there were 3,000 households, about 1 10,000 people. According to the survey, there are many places involving Xin's place names and Xin's residents:
Yongshun Township has such place names as Taogongshan and Laosanfang. Surnames include Xin surname and other surnames.
Yongjia Township has such place names as Taogong Mountain, Laoerfang, JOE, Daxiaofang and Yu Jia. The surnames are Xin, Xu and Yu.
Yongshan Township is known as Taogongshan, Laodafang and Laoerfang. Surnames include Xin surname and other surnames.
Yongtai Township has Taogongshan, Yujiaao, Wang Jia and Dadiao. Surnames include Xin, Yu, and so on.
Note: Yongshun, Yongjia, Yongshan and Yongtai are connected, commonly known as Taogongshan. There is no difference in the distance between adjacent villages. Centered on Xin's Ancestral Hall, it is 0.5 Li from Caojiashantou in the east, 0.3 Li from the west and 0.8 Li from Shijiawan in the north.
Yongfu Township is east to Changcao, south to Xiejiazhuang, west to Shaojiaxiang and northwest to Wugang. The surnames are Xin, Zhu, Li, Li, Qian, Fan and others.
Anxiang, Dai Gang is located in Bamu Temple in the east, Dashilong in the west and Shoucao in the north. The surnames are Xin, Dai, Li, Du and Lin.
Shi Xiang southeast to Cao Jia, west to Zhang Mailing. The surnames are Xin, Shi, Cao and Chen.
Shanshui Township reaches Hengjie in the southeast, Xiashui in the northeast and Jishantou and Shajiashan in the northwest. The surnames are Xin, Qian, Yuan, Chen, Zhu and Yu.
There are Shuangqiao and Hushu Bridge in the west of Yuan Kun Town, including Sheung Shui, Shajiashan and Yan Guan Temple. There is a place name of Xin, but there is no surname of Xin. Surnames are Li, Xu and others.
Qiu Nan Township is east to the end of the Five Dynasties, south to Xiasancha, southwest to Hu Jia, and north to red brick sand. There is a place name of Xin family. There are Xin surnames, but mainly Zhu surnames, as well as Shao surnames, Shi surnames, Du surnames, Chen surnames, Shi surnames, Xu surnames, Yuan surnames, Ye surnames and Gong surnames.
Note: Qiu Nan Township is located in Xianxiang County. In addition to agriculture, local residents are engaged in fishing and salt industry, and grow cotton. It is said that there are still Xin's "sons" alive there.
As can be seen from the above, except Taogong Mountain, the Xin family is widely distributed in the surrounding areas. As for the past 100 years, from Shanghai to all parts of the country, from Taogong Mountain to overseas development, it has been widely distributed and the population is increasing. It is estimated that apart from Taogong Mountain, Shanghai may be the place with the largest number of people, with no less than 5,000 people.
At present, the Xin family tree of Taogongshan is known.
Xin's genealogy is a powerful basis for Xin's descendants to seek their roots and ancestors and to connect blood, family and friendship. As far as we know, there was a disaster in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Later, in the thirty-second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (Chen Jia, 1604), the genealogy was compiled by Tinggui, the sixth Zu Xin of Taogongshan. In the forty-sixth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (Ding Hai, 1707), he also compiled a genealogy. In the forty-five years of Qing Qianlong (Gengzi, 1780), another genealogy was compiled, with the preface of Xin Yuntao, the eleventh ancestor. Later, in the twelfth year of Qing Daoguang (Renchen, 1832), I made another score. The genealogy of these four revisions seems to be the general genealogy, because the revised genealogy of Erfang in the first year of Guangxu reign (Yihai, 1875) later said, "The four rooms are merged into one."
Of course, with the prosperity of Essien's population and family, it is natural that each room should be divided into different rooms to repair the spectrum. Therefore, during the Tongzhi period, the genealogy was compiled at the beginning of the housing distribution. It is said that the three rooms were completed at the earliest, and the long room and the four rooms were also compiled in turn, while the second room was the most complicated and the latest, with as many as 23 volumes. However, in the twenty-first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (B Wei, 1895), Fannie and Freddie continued to revise their genealogy, and in the third year of the Republic of China (Jia Yin, 19 14), they revised it again. However, the above genealogy and genealogy are hard to see now, because with the historical changes and a small number of genealogies printed, Xin genealogy has become a rare book. As far as we know, there are only four kinds of libraries in China and only one book.
There are two books in Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo. One is the woodcut edition of Old Rooms Volume by Yin Dongxin in the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), edited by Dai Tingyou in the Republic of China, with 12 volumes and the first volume, which is relatively complete. The other is a movable-type book named A Record of Yin Dongxin written by Xin Deshou and Xin Zulie in Xinchang in the 20th year of the Republic of China (193 1), but it is not divided into volumes, so it is a remnant book.
Shanghai Library has a book "Xin Zhi of Taogong Mountain in Yindong" edited by Xin Deshou and Xin Zulie in the Republic of China. There is only one copy left, indicating that it is four revised editions. As can be seen from the book, this book is only printed, because the genealogy described in this book is only the genealogy of Xin Kun and his descendants, and it does not involve other schools. Because the new town is Fannie and Freddie, this spectrum can only be regarded as a room spectrum in Fannie and Freddie.
Another book, Tao Gong Shan Xin Fenshu, which was collected by Fenghua County Cultural Relics Management Office, was also a wooden movable-type book in the 20th year of the Republic of China (193 1), and was edited by Zu Xin in the 17th year of the Republic of China. There is no volume, and the number of albums is not indicated, so it is impossible to see whether this volume is complete. However, there is a postscript: "The score was written by Tong Juexuan in the first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty", and this "Tong Juexuan" must be Dong Juexuan's fault. Because according to the preface to the first year of Guangxu, a branch of Xin family in Taogongshan, Yindong, "the style of the whole book should be announced by Dong Junjue". This Dong Juexuan is a master of Confucianism in the late Qing Dynasty and a relative of the Xin family. So this branch may also be a branch of Fannie and Freddie, because it was Dong Pei who stipulated the style of the branch of Fannie and Freddie in the first year of Guangxu and wrote the preface.
When I was searching for the knowledge of Xin's genealogy in the local book catalogue, good news came from Taogongshan, and another Xin's genealogy was found in the local area. I didn't know until I read the book that this is a four-room genealogy composed of two remnants, and it is also the only four-room genealogy known at present.
This "Xin's Zhujietang Branch" (numbered "Sifangtang Jietang") has four volumes. It was also compiled by Dai Tingyou in the Republic of China. In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), it was published in four volumes, and the first volume was missing. This is an unrecorded version of the Republic of China, printed in white paper. Another "Zhu Jietang" is also a four-volume edition, which was compiled by Shi Xin in the Republic of China. Published in thirty-six years of the Republic of China (1947), six volumes, the second volume is missing. This is a revised edition of Ding Hai in the Republic of China, printed on yellow paper. These two replicas can be matched together, but they always feel that they are not original and have a sense of regret.
It is not easy for Xin's genealogy to be preserved, but it is lucky to have two genealogies in four rooms. It is hoped that more complete genealogy of Xin's family can be found in the future, which will provide rich literature materials for understanding and studying the history of Xin's family.