Thinking and understanding of lesson 28 in lighthouse class 1
1909 On April 4th, Guo Yonghuai was born in guo jia cun, Xitan, Rongcheng County. 1929 entered Nankai university preparatory course. 193 1 in July, he was promoted to the physics department of Nankai University. 1933 ~ 1935 studied in the physics department of Peking University. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he transferred to Kunming and The National SouthWest Associated University for work-study programs. The national disaster has strengthened Guo Yonghuai's belief in saving the country through science. He believes that to make the country strong, we must first develop military science and technology and aviation. To this end, he gave up his long-cherished wish to specialize in optics and changed to aviation engineering.
From September 65438 to September 0940, Guo Yonghuai went to the University of Toronto to study under Professor J.L.Synge, and completed his master's degree thesis in just over half a year. His excellent works were praised by his tutor. 194 1 in may, Guo Yonghuai came to the aviation department of California institute of technology to study the discontinuous solution of transonic flow under the guidance of the famous mechanic von Carmen, and obtained his doctorate with excellent results. During this period, China people who worked and studied in the Aviation Department of California Institute of Technology included Qian Xuesen, Lin Jiaqiao and Qian Weichang.
From 65438 to 0946, Guo Yonghuai was employed by Cornell University. The following year 10 was the golden age of his scientific research, and he made in-depth research on transonic theory and viscous flow, which made important contributions to the breakthrough of sound barrier for mankind. At the same time, he developed the deformation parameters and deformation coordinate method of Poincare and Lighthill. Therefore, Qian Xuesen named this method PLK method in 1956. Guo Yonghuai is famous for his achievements in transonic and applied mathematics. /kloc-0 was promoted to tenured professor of Cornell University in July, 955.
Guo Yonghuai crossed the ocean with the hope of saving the country through science. When he was hired by Cornell University, he said to the school: "I came to your school temporarily and will leave at an appropriate time in the future"; Fill in "No" in the form of whether to apply for access to confidential information; Ignore all letters asking him to apply for American citizenship. He seldom participated in social activities, but on the eve of the founding of New China, he joined the Cornell Branch of the China Association of Scientists Studying in the United States and often had a heated discussion with you about the future of the motherland.
1956 165438+10, Guo Yonghuai resolutely gave up superior material conditions and returned to the motherland after16.
After returning home, Guo Yonghuai focused on organizing and leading domestic mechanical and national defense research. He has served as a member of the Department of Mathematical Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the Institute of Mechanics, head teacher of the engineering mechanics research class jointly organized by the Institute of Mechanics and Tsinghua University, vice president of the Ninth Institute of Mechanical Engineering, and head of the Department of Chemical Physics of China University of Science and Technology. Participate in formulating the development plan of mechanics discipline in China, and advocate the research of emerging mechanics disciplines. He has made great contributions to China's national defense industry and participated in many major projects and projects. He also participated in organizing and leading the design of artificial satellites and the development of surface-to-air missiles of China Academy of Sciences.
He has always been serious about his studies. From 65438 to 0957, with the approval of the State Council, the Ministry of Higher Education cooperated with China Academy of Sciences to set up a research class on engineering mechanics in Tsinghua University, which was held for three times with more than 300 students. They became the first batch of mechanical research and teaching backbones in China. Guo Yonghuai and Qian Weichang organized and led leadership seminars. Guo Yonghuai was also the head teacher of 1958 and 1959, and personally taught the introduction to fluid mechanics. Zhang (the first student of Tsinghua University Engineering Mechanics Research Class, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences) recalled: "Mr. Guo Yonghuai, who is polite, is very serious about mechanical work. He even paid attention to whether supersonic speed was translated into supersonic speed or supersonic speed, and why Euler's name was translated into Euler. He advocated reading classic works, saying that this era of Pelant was a bumper harvest period of fluid mechanics. Pelant himself is a great authority with profound knowledge and experience, and his writing is comprehensive and profound. He should learn from his Introduction to Fluid Mechanics. "
Guo Yonghuai is simple and honest. At that time, he respected science and dared to tell the truth.
Reflections on Lesson 28 of Lighthouse Classroom II
Today is the 46th anniversary of the sacrifice of my mentor, Mr. Guo Yonghuai. When I woke up in the morning, my heart was full of deep memories of him.
Not long ago, I saw a photo of Mr. Guo Yonghuai and our three graduate students. A good friend of mine specially downloaded it from the Internet and sent it to me (see attachment), which reminds me of the unforgettable days I spent with my tutor more than half a century ago. At that time, Mr. Guo was just in his fifties. Although he is thin, he is full of energy. At that time, he shouldered two heavy burdens: deputy director of the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and vice president of the Ninth Research Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry. He is extremely busy. He works six and a half days a week and often travels to the northwest on business, but his face never shows a tired look. He always cares about the growth of our young people.
Twenty-six years ago, I wrote in the essay "Be a Good Paver" commemorating the 20th anniversary of the death of my mentor, Mr. Guo Yonghuai: "It has been 20 years since Professor Guo Yonghuai left us, but his great achievements, noble character, great talent, broad vision, voice and smile will always remain in our hearts. As one of the last students before his death, I will always miss him deeply and sincerely regard him as a model of life. ..... He taught us:' Our generation, you and the next two or three generations will all become paving stones for the machinery industry of the motherland'. I will take this as my motto, conscientiously do a good job in paving stones and contribute all my meager strength to the mechanical cause of the motherland. Perhaps this is the last practical action to commemorate him. " I clearly remember what Professor Guo Yonghuai said to me and Li Jiachun on 19621October 4th.
As one of the pioneers in China's modern machinery and national defense research, he never forgets to be a "paving stone".
Now in the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, he is actually the executive deputy director. From making plans, determining research directions, building disciplines, organizing academic discussions and promoting scientific research, to designing and building buildings and improving staff meals, he asked all questions. When I was sitting on the brightly lit desk in the library, a friend told me that he personally participated in the overall layout and lighting design of the library, and his efforts were everywhere.
In the Ninth Hospital, he and his companions kept climbing the peak of developing two bombs and one satellite. Make a plan in the laboratory and practice it in the Gobi desert.
At that time, as a "kid", we graduate students didn't know what he was busy with. Many things were gradually learned later, but in daily contact, I really felt his ardent expectations and meticulous care for the younger generation.
When I first entered the School of Mechanics, I heard that Mr. Guo was very strict with students and a little "fierce", which made us a little uneasy, but it was not the case when I actually came into contact with him.
He is indeed unsmiling. The only humor I remember so far is that when he started the course of boundary layer theory, he first introduced his teaching assistants Hu He and Aude, wrote the word "Hu He" on the blackboard, and said, "This is a zero-order approximation, you can call her Mr. Hu He", and then wrote "Aude" and said, "That is a first-order approximation". As for "I asked Hu privately about the second approximation of her name", she told me a long list of syllabic surnames, which I haven't remembered yet.
Later, we also found that the severity of his speaking attitude was inversely proportional to the age gap between the interviewee and him. One of his old students, P, is a little timid when talking to him, and Mr. Guo is a little harsh when criticizing him. Recently, one of my old principals told me that Mr. P is now in his nineties. He is very learned and deserves to be brought out by Teacher Guo.
In the first conversation mentioned above, Mr. Guo didn't tell us a great truth, but let us make full use of all the time to learn knowledge and methods in practice. In particular, he recommended us two English books on the history of science and scientific research methods, which made us realize that "methods are more important than knowledge".
Three months after we met, Mr. Guo assigned me a task to study magnetohydrodynamics and plasma physics with "Cosmic Electrodynamics" written by Alvin (1970 Nobel Prize winner in physics) as the main reference book, and to translate this book at the same time. After more than a year of hard work, I completed the translation and handed in the manuscript with trepidation. After two months, Mr. Guo returned the revised draft to me and asked me to revise the translation according to his partial revisions. When I looked, I saw that the manuscript paper was covered with red letters. Coincidentally, at that time, I listened to Mr. Li Pei's English class and the course "English-Chinese Translation Theory and Skills" offered by our college, and retranslated it word by word according to the tutor's revised opinions, so I passed the second trial. My tutor helped me contact a publishing house in Shanghai. Unfortunately, the publication of the translation was delayed because of the "beginning", and it was officially published in Science Press later. It's a pity that Mr. Guo didn't see the publication of this book.
At that time, the graduate students of the Institute of Mechanics concentrated on studying in a big office, and everyone chased each other. They usually study seven days a week, from seven in the morning to ten in the evening. I dare not get up too late on Sunday morning, because Miss Guo often walks to our study room on Sunday morning. One Sunday, he came, walked up to the three of us, smiled and handed us three cake tickets. Young people today may not know that at that time, eating was rationed, and ordinary cakes were also rationed, with half a catty per person per month. Teacher Guo is a faculty member and has some special discounts, so he gave us the cake tickets. This may have been Jenny's idea. Small cake tickets, which contain deep affection.
In the second year, Mr. Guo organized a seminar on magnetohydrodynamics in his own research room, studied Rybimov's monograph collectively and discussed the ongoing research work. From this, I saw Mr. Wang's meticulous and rigorous style of study and his organizational ability of combining leniency with severity. The older you get, the greater the stress. Young people like me have ushered in academic sunshine and rain.
After decades, Mr. Guo's tall figure seems to be still in sight. He is introverted and low-key, and there are few harsh words. He likes wearing a hat. Walking with your head down against the wall, as long as you are in Zhongguancun, the working hours are always fixed. Sometimes, at that moment, we boys are interested in enjoying the scenery quietly. It's a pity that God deprived us of this right early!
Memories are for motivation. Now the students are old! It's just my tutor's teaching about paving stones, but I dare not forget it for a moment. Only by working hard can we live up to the teacher's cultivation.
Lesson 28, Lighthouse Classroom: Reflection and Perception 3
In recent years, with the propaganda of Guo Yonghuai's deeds by CCTV and other news media, the opening of Rongcheng "Guo Yonghuai's Deeds Exhibition Hall" and the activities of Rongcheng Guo Yonghuai's Deeds Propaganda Group, Guo Yonghuai has the patriotic spirit of serving the motherland and setting an example; Rigorous scholarship, the dedication of being a ladder; The spirit of struggle of concentrating on research and setting an example is widely spread, constantly inspiring people to Do not forget your initiative mind and forge ahead for the dream of the Chinese nation's rejuvenation!
Guo Yonghuai (1April 4th, 909-1February 5th, 968), Shandong Rong adult, party member of China * * * production party, applied mathematician, aerodynamicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences, deputy of the second and third National People's Congress, member of the second CPPCC, and modern mechanics cause of China.
1956 September, Guo Yonghuai broke through many obstacles and returned to the motherland. He led and participated in the development of nuclear bombs, missiles and artificial earth satellites in China, initiated the research of hypersonic fluid mechanics, electromagnetic fluid mechanics and explosive mechanics, trained a large number of outstanding mechanics talents, and devoted all his efforts to China's national defense, science and technology and education. 196865438+On February 5th, he died heroically in a plane crash. At the last moment of his life, he clung to the guard and protected important scientific research data with his life. 1999, Guo Yonghuai was awarded the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" Meritorious Medal, and he was the only scientist in this group who made important contributions in the fields of nuclear bombs, missiles and artificial earth satellites and was awarded the title of martyr.
As early as 1930s, Guo Yonghuai left home to study and serve his country. After returning to China, he worked hard for national defense until 1968, when he died during the secrecy period of nuclear weapons development. For such an unknown hero, there was no publicity or report at that special historical stage, and his deeds were once little known. Even in September 1999, when the central government awarded 23 scientists the medal of "two bombs and one satellite", many people were still unfamiliar with the name Guo Yonghuai. In his hometown of Rongcheng, Shandong, people in his hometown, even his parents and relatives, only know that he was born in Rongcheng and studied in the United States, but he can't know his work and great contribution to the country. This mystery worries people in his hometown. His hometown where he was born and raised is looking forward to restoring a Guo Yonghuai with flesh and blood and strong feelings for home and country.
So, as early as 2000, Rongcheng Municipal Committee sent an interview team to comprehensively collect Guo Yonghuai's life track in various periods, and wrote a long communication with more than 20,000 words, The Star of Two Bombs-* * and Guo Yonghuai's exploits in China, which aroused strong repercussions throughout the country. The Propaganda Department of the CPC publishes News Review, People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency, People's Liberation Army Daily and China Science and Technology News. At the same time, with the enthusiastic help of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units, Rongcheng collected Guo Yonghuai's related relics before his death, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Guo Yonghuai's deeds exhibition hall, and erected a statue of Guo Yonghuai on the east side of museum square on 20 10.
In the new era, in order to inherit the Red Gene and carry forward the great spirit of Guo Yonghuai, Rongcheng Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government started the construction of Guo Yonghuai's deeds exhibition hall on 20 16. The exhibition hall is located on the first floor of Rongcheng Museum, with an exhibition area of 2,000 square meters and divided into 8 exhibition halls. With more than _ pictures, more than 200 precious cultural relics and 5 videos, the exhibition hall vividly shows Guo Yonghuai's selfless dedication and dedication to the country.
Lesson 28 of Lighthouse Classroom: Reflection and Feeling 4
On September 3rd, the "Two Bombs" model of China Academy of Engineering Physics was donated to Rongcheng Guo Yonghuai Deeds Exhibition Hall. On the same day, Tian Dongfeng, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of China Academy of Sciences, Tan Zhixin, model commander of China Academy of Sciences and chairman of the Association for Science and Technology, Lu, deputy secretary of Rongcheng Municipal Committee, Qu Weiwei, member of the Standing Committee of Rongcheng Municipal Committee, Minister of Organization Department and Minister of United Front Work Department attended the event.
Guo Yonghuai was born in guo jia cun, Jiazhen West Beach, Rutten. He is a famous mechanic, applied mathematician and aerodynamicist in China, one of the founders of modern mechanics, and the only scientist in China who has made great contributions in the fields of atomic bombs, missiles and artificial earth satellites. 1968 died in an air crash at the age of 59. 1999, Guo Yonghuai was awarded "Two Bombs and One Satellite Meritorious Medal" by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission. Over the years, Rongcheng has always attached great importance to Guo Yonghuai's deeds propaganda. In order to better let the public know his deeds, Rongcheng erected a statue of Guo Yonghuai on the east side of museum square on 20 10. In recent years, it has been in close contact with the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units, laying the foundation for the establishment of Guo Yonghuai's deeds exhibition hall.
This year, combined with the requirements of "two studies and one doing" put forward by the central government, the municipal party committee and the municipal government put the exhibition hall construction on the agenda again, organized professional forces, planned and built it with high standards, and successively went to Beijing, Mianyang, Zitong, Haibei, Qinghai and other places where Guo Yonghuai fought and lived, and collected a large number of documents and historical relics. Guo Yonghuai Deeds Exhibition Hall is located on the first floor of Rongcheng Museum, with an exhibition area of 2,000 square meters, more than 400 pictures, more than 200 precious cultural relics and 6 videos. According to Academician Guo Yonghuai's life and work experience, the exhibition hall will be divided into eight sections, namely, the son of Rongcheng devoted himself to studying, resolutely returned to China after becoming famous overseas, outstanding achievements of two bombs and one satellite, the master style of Confucianism, dedication to science and heroic service to the country, Yu Pei's love for the sky, and the Department of Multimedia Education. The content covers Guo Yonghuai's complete life track from birth, going out to study, returning to China, engaging in mechanical and national defense research, to his death. Through the exhibition of his life and the restoration of some scientific research scenes, people can fully understand Guo Yonghuai's Confucian demeanor and master feelings, and fully display the outstanding contribution of Academician Guo Yonghuai.
The models donated that day were the models of China's first atomic bomb and the first hydrogen bomb. During the donation activity, Lu said that Guo Yonghuai was a great scientist who made outstanding contributions to the cause of "two bombs", a representative of party member, and a proud adult. The "Two Bombs" model is an important exhibit in Guo Yonghuai's deeds exhibition hall, which embodies the spirit of "loving the motherland, selfless dedication, self-reliance, hard struggle, great cooperation and courage to climb" and is an important display of Guo Yonghuai's outstanding contribution. It is of great significance to comprehensively deepen the education of party spirit, popular science and patriotism for cadres, teenagers and the public in party member to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit. In the future, Rongcheng will continue to organize all sectors of society to learn from Comrade Guo Yonghuai, give full play to the role of Guo Yonghuai's deeds exhibition hall, and convey the positive energy of practicing socialist core values.
According to reports, Guo Yonghuai's Deeds Exhibition Hall is the first academician memorial hall in Shandong Province, an important exhibition hall to show the elegance of Chinese scientists in new China, and it will also become an important place to carry out national defense education, red education and popular science education for all sectors of society and an important position to practice socialist core values.
Thinking and Understanding of Lesson 28 of Lighthouse Classroom 5
Guo Yonghuai, a martyr scientist, two bombs and one satellite, president of the Ninth Hospital, was born in Shandong. He studied in the middle school affiliated to Qingdao University and died in an air crash before the atomic bomb exploded. When people recognized Guo Yonghuai's body, the clip he used to wear was badly burned, and he hugged the guard Mou tightly. When people struggled to separate them, they found Guo Yonghuai's briefcase containing top secret information safely on their chests. Guo Yonghuai, people will always miss you.
Mr. Guo is mainly engaged in theoretical and analytical work abroad. He is very strict with himself, and the topics he chooses are all international issues. He took the bull by the horns, persisted in the analysis to the end and reached an important conclusion. These jobs have made him famous in foreign academic circles. Because of this, people often regard him as a pure theorist. To my surprise, he also attached great importance to new technology and experimental work, which brought new technology and experimental means to the newly established Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences. This includes at least the shock tube technology and plasma dynamics, which appeared soon in the world at that time. Later, I learned that before preparing to return to China, Mr. Guo specially inspected the new technologies and new fields that he thought China needed for scientific development.
Strictly speaking, Mr. Qian and Mr. Guo are both theorists who use applied mathematics as their main tools. Theorists mentioned here refer to those who are mainly engaged in theoretical research, but at the same time have a deep understanding of the actual background of their own theoretical research, a clear understanding of the reality and possible application of theoretical research, and a full understanding of the mutual cooperation of experimental research in theoretical research. Therefore, the two gentlemen have extraordinary broad horizons and long-term strategic thinking. Teacher Guo once asked me face to face whether the person leading a research institute should have theoretical opinions (a good scientist who focuses on experiments can also have high theoretical opinions) or someone else. My answer is the former. He was satisfied then. I think this is because if scientific research lacks high-level theoretical guidance, theoretical research or experimental research, it will lose its direction and fall to the point of following others, making it difficult to innovate.
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