The analysis of the employment direction of college students shows that college students are at a loss in the face of employment problems. Enterprises are either too low to meet the requirements or too difficult to apply for jobs. Many people don't plan their employment direction. What are the analysis of college students' employment direction?
Analysis of college students' employment direction 1 First, correctly understand the relationship between the employment situation and the difficulty of choosing a job, and make a rational intention of choosing a job. In a society, if the number of working-age population is greater than the number of jobs that society can provide, this situation constitutes an absolutely difficult employment situation in society. It can be said that the absolute difficulty of employment mainly exists at the social level. In fact, because the number of jobs that society can provide is basically a trend estimate, and it is mainly calculated through regular jobs, it is generally difficult to accurately predict the "elasticity" coefficient and the number of individual jobs in the social employment structure, and the result is bound to lead to the calculation of the absolute difficulty coefficient of employment is difficult to achieve high accuracy. This has left a possible space for the society to strive for employment from absolute difficulty to relative difficulty.
Based on this reason, individuals in the realistic social background, when choosing a job, correctly locate and adjust their employment intention in time, which will help to reduce the difficulty of employment. Specifically, when choosing a job, if people are too concentrated in choosing employment fields, employment agencies and occupation types, it will inevitably lead to concentrated competition among these employment fields, employment agencies and occupation types, forming an absolutely difficult situation for employment and increasing the absolute difficulty coefficient of employment. On the contrary, if we make timely adjustments in the face of this situation and choose employment fields, employment institutions and occupation types that are temporarily ignored or "ignored", it is actually equivalent to actively choosing a relatively difficult employment, and even reducing the relative difficulty coefficient of employment. In other words, this adjustment may mean the formation of employment opportunities.
Secondly, the current employment situation of college students in China is self-employment, which can be a positive and realistic choice to reduce the difficulty of employment at the individual level. At the personal level, there are two ways to reduce the difficulty of employment: one is passive choice, such as adjusting one's original employment will. Specifically, lowering the criteria for choosing a job may mean obtaining employment opportunities. The second is active choice, such as self-employment.
Analysis of college students' employment direction II. Analysis and Countermeasures of College Students' Employment Situation
With the deepening of China's economic system reform, the education system reform is also in full swing. First of all, it is reflected in the reform of China's higher education system, and correspondingly, major universities expand their enrollment every year. As a direct result, the number of college graduates keeps rising every year, and thousands of graduates keep flocking to the society, resulting in an extremely severe employment situation. Although the state and government have continuously introduced preferential employment policies and jobs for college students, it is only a drop in the bucket in the face of the growing employment population. As a result, a large number of graduates can't find jobs for a long time for one reason or another, and a pessimism of "unemployment after graduation" continues to spread. According to statistics, for a period of time, the employment situation of college graduates has shown the following characteristics:
Graduate employment market
First, there is a serious imbalance between social posts and the number of graduates from major universities. With college students entering the society after graduation, employment comes first, and the limited number of jobs in society is in sharp contrast with the number of graduates. Serious oversupply has become the root cause of their employment difficulties, and this employment trend of oversupply is still expanding year by year. The law of the employment market is that graduates who have been unemployed, graduates who will be employed this year, and other kinds of graduates gather together to form a huge employment group, and the individuals of this employment group are constantly engaged in fierce employment competition and the survival of the fittest.
Second, the polarization of the industry leads to a surplus of talents. Due to different industries, there are hot and unpopular phenomena in society. Candidates in hot industries are so eager that the result of competition is a surplus of talents. The unpopular industry is largely ignored, so the overall job market presents a situation in which many graduates can't find jobs.
Third, the gap between college students' psychological expected salary and actual salary is too large, which is influenced by their academic qualifications and makes it difficult to find employment. College students who have just graduated and entered the society will inevitably have some self-esteem and superiority. They think they have high academic qualifications, rich knowledge and strong ability, so they often regard their salary higher than the actual level in job hunting, so that they fail to find a job many times, which makes it difficult to find a job in a short time! This situation is particularly serious for graduates from prestigious schools. In fact, this idea of college students is unacceptable, just think about it! Although a college student has a lot of ink in his stomach, it is not certain whether he can be competent for the work of the company. Moreover, the salary trend of a person in the company always changes with the length of service. The longer the working hours, the more room for salary increase. The stronger the working ability, the higher the salary will be! But when you first apply, it will inevitably scare the company! Even so, many college students would rather lose their jobs than put down their wages. This makes it difficult to get employment. What these college students generally lack is the pragmatic spirit of being conscientious, diligent and step-by-step. They don't understand the employment situation in the talent market, and blindly improve their salary and treatment from their own psychology. The result can only be repeated job hunting failures and dampen their enthusiasm for employment. Therefore, even students who graduated from prestigious schools should not be self-righteous and expect too much. Some things are not as simple as imagined. Influenced by fierce market competition, college students' high expectation psychology has changed, but most graduates' expectations are still higher than the social reality level, which is what people often say: "high is not enough, low is not enough." Everyone wants to get a good job and get ahead, which is an unrealistic attitude. In fact, it is more important to have a down-to-earth attitude when looking for a job, and to look at reality and your ability objectively.
4. Recruitment and application are two-way choices. When college students choose their favorite companies, the companies are also choosing their favorite graduates. The coexistence of the two makes it difficult for many college students to find jobs. Company recruitment and talent application are two-way choices, that is, while talents choose the company, the company also consciously inspects talents. Sometimes people think that a company is very suitable for their wishes, but after the company's investigation, there are not a few examples of talents not meeting the company's requirements! In particular, countless fresh graduates were eliminated due to the lack of experience and experience required by the company, which largely caused many college students to find jobs. Therefore, fresh graduates should pay special attention to this issue in their employment applications!
Major mismatch makes it difficult for college students to find jobs.
In view of the above employment difficulties, the following suggestions are put forward:
1. After graduation, college students should change themselves from students to social people. For most graduates, although college life is stressful and hard, it presents a regular learning atmosphere in peace. The economy is generally borne by parents, as long as they learn their major well, but entering the society after graduation is completely different. In order to get a bowl of rice for employment, they have to rely on themselves. The society is so big that they feel lonely and helpless in an instant, and everything is not what they think. Therefore, it is a wise choice to transform your student identity into social identity in time.
2. To understand the society, we should know more about ourselves, lower our expectations, and don't always put our college student status above the social reality. The job market is like a battlefield, and college life is a place to cultivate abilities and learn skills. Only by learning skills well can we defeat our opponents and stand out in the battlefield of employment, so strong professional ability is the premise of employment. In addition, we should learn to analyze the social employment market, the talent structure, the distribution of popular and unpopular industries, the recruitment process and some requirements of the company, master some application skills, plan our career and so on. In addition, it is more important to know yourself truly and properly, reduce employment expectations, and especially to position salary and treatment objectively and reasonably. Understand that company recruitment and self-employment are two-way choices! Instead of simply choosing your own company! In short, in the face of such a severe employment situation, we need to think calmly, make full preparations before the flood, and seize the opportunity in time.
3. Have confidence in yourself in the fierce employment competition. Most college students will inevitably feel superior and confident when they apply for a job for the first time. However, due to competition and survival of the fittest, once the application fails, there will inevitably be frustration. It is normal that their confidence will be hit by repeated application failures. Don't be afraid of the job market just because you have failed to apply several times. The psychological shadow of complete lack of self-confidence is unacceptable. It is necessary to understand that "winning or losing is a common occurrence in military strategists", and don't lose your fighting spirit after several unsuccessful applications. That's a sign of cowardice. No matter what you do, you should be confident, and job hunting is the same as job hunting. As long as we have a confident heart, the right job will eventually wave to us!
Analysis of college students' employment direction III. Employment of female college students
First, the reasons for female college students' difficulties in choosing jobs
1, the influence of traditional cultural prejudice. Among many factors affecting the employment of female college students, traditional gender prejudice and discrimination, expectations of different roles of men and women and double standards are the fundamental reasons. Although the law clearly stipulates that men and women are equal, the history and culture of "men are superior to women", "men are strong and women are weak" and "men dominate the outside and women dominate the inside" have been deeply rooted in the minds of most people for thousands of years. What society expects of women is more virtuous, gentle, dignified and steady, abiding by tradition, and caring for husbands and children. The social expectation of different behaviors of men and women not only affects the career choice of women after entering the labor market, but also affects the recruitment behavior of employers, which makes it difficult for female college students to find jobs.
2. Employers' motivation to maximize profits. Economics assumes that everyone is rational, and everyone pursues the maximization of personal utility under their own resources. For employers, it is to use the available combination of production factors to pursue profit maximization. In short, employers should comprehensively measure the "cost performance" of using a certain kind of labor. Due to physiological factors, marital factors, maternity insurance premiums and labor protection fees for female employees. The "cost performance" of female brand labor force is lower than that of male brand labor force, which is the main reason why it is difficult for female college students to find jobs.
3. The influence of college enrollment expansion in recent years. Since 1999, China has continuously expanded the enrollment scale, and the development of higher education has entered a new stage. According to relevant statistics, in 200 1 year, the number of college graduates nationwide was1150,000, in 2002 it was1450,000, in 2003 it reached 2120,000, and in 2004 it was 2.5 million graduates ... The overall employment is in the form of oversupply, which is an objective factor for female college students to find jobs.
4. Female college students' own characteristics. First of all, there are physiological differences between men and women, and most women are often inferior to men in physical strength and energy. This is well known and cannot be chosen. The remarkable difference of life cycle between men and women lies in the fact that women undertake the tasks of bearing and breastfeeding, which will inevitably lead to the interruption of women's career. This physiological difference and the resulting life cycle difference, coupled with the traditional concept of family role, have caused women's disadvantage in employment. Secondly, female college students themselves are influenced by traditional cultural concepts. According to a survey conducted by Nankai University in May 2002, 15.3% of female students agree with the statement that "female graduate students are equivalent to male undergraduates", and they think that women are not as good as men. This shows that female college students have not got rid of the secular gender concept, and women themselves have also played a certain role in promoting this process.
The above factors that lead to the employment difficulties of female college students do not work in isolation, but are often intertwined. Moreover, these four factors are difficult to overcome.
Second, the countermeasures of female college students' difficulties in choosing jobs
1. Change ideas, create a better cultural and institutional environment, and solve the employment problem of female college students. The whole society should devote itself to eliminating gender discrimination and gender prejudice in cultural concepts and widely establish a sense of fair competition; Especially in terms of system, it is necessary to establish a national policy with "equality between men and women" as the sole criterion, and widely publicize basic national policies such as equality between men and women and the strategic awareness of female college students' employment; The media should increase the propaganda of successful women, establish a successful and diverse image of female college students, evaluate their work ability fairly, change the social evaluation system of men and women, and give full play to their advantages.
2. The state should formulate relevant policies and improve relevant laws and regulations. In view of the concerns of employers about a series of problems of female college students after work, the state should formulate operable gender equality employment policies to effectively protect the interests of female college students and employers. We can learn from the practices of Norway, Sweden, Greece and other countries, that is, through legislation, give certain tax incentives to enterprises with a certain proportion of female sex workers, so as to encourage enterprises to absorb female employment and improve the employment rate of female college students.
3. Actively develop the domestic service industry and promote the socialization of housework. Female college students are faced with marriage, pregnancy and raising children after work, which takes up a lot of women's time and energy, and is also the main reason why employers are unwilling to accept female college students' work. The practice in various countries shows that the effective way to solve this problem is to strengthen the socialization and specialization of domestic service, so that women can be liberated from housework and put more time and energy into their work, thus improving their employment competitiveness.
4. Female college students should keep pace with the times, renew their ideas and improve themselves. Female college students should establish a correct concept of employment, completely abandon the traditional concepts such as "women without talent are virtuous" and "strong women", and constantly enrich themselves with new knowledge and new ideas. Psychologically, you should have self-confidence, believe that you are equal to boys, dare to compete, overcome your psychological barriers such as inferiority, timidity and cowardice, and maintain a good job-hunting mentality. Female college students should be good at giving full play to their own advantages, looking for industrial units suitable for their own physiological characteristics, pioneering and enterprising, establishing a good professional image and professional ethics, and seizing the opportunity to become talents at the right time.
In short, there is a de facto inequality between the labor market and the working environment, which has a negative impact on the development of female college students. Overcoming this inequality requires the joint efforts of individuals and society. Because the development of women is closely related to the development of society, reducing this inequality will help the development of women and the whole society.