Trade policy: look down on trade globalization?
Obama and the Democratic Party tend to be more protectionist in trade policy and tend to re-examine trade agreements with other countries? Obama said that although the success of American business depends on "prosperous trade and open treatment of American products", any agreement he signs "should not only take into account the interests of big companies, but also take into account the interests of our whole country and our workers?" Obama has indicated that he will make major adjustments to US trade policy, focusing on setting enforceable environmental and labor standards to prevent "rapid economic downturn".
The Obama administration's trade policy will focus on domestic demand and despise trade globalization.
(1) Re-examine the FTA? Obama promised to re-examine and revise the North American Free Trade Agreement? Us-Colombia free trade agreement? Us-south Korea free trade agreement, etc.
According to Reuters, Obama called for the revision of the North American Free Trade Agreement and the inclusion of provisions to protect labor and the environment. Before the US Congress voted on the US-Colombia FTA, Obama believed that Colombia must intensify its efforts to crack down on violence against trade union members; He clearly opposes the free trade agreement between the United States and South Korea, and believes that the two countries should renegotiate the issue of American car dealers entering the Asian market and ensure that South Korea opens more agricultural and manufacturing markets to the United States.
Obama also intends to weaken the "trade promotion power" enjoyed by the US president and let Congress play a greater role in choosing the goals of free trade negotiations.
(2) promoting WTO negotiations? Obama said that he will also urge the World Trade Organization to effectively implement international trade agreements and prevent other countries from continuing to unfairly subsidize their exports? Set up non-tariff barriers to American exports? After taking office, Obama promised to promote the WTO negotiations, saying that reaching the Doha Round trade agreement will help US trade exports and employment? On the other hand, he intends to urge Congress to pass a law to cancel the tax benefits enjoyed by American companies that have transferred their business overseas, and urge those companies to transfer their business back to the United States to ensure domestic jobs.
Teya, policy director of the American Federation of Labor and Industry Trade Unions with 6.5438+005 million members? Li said that the Bush administration's trade strategy is actually to help American enterprises transfer jobs overseas? He believes that in Obama's trade agenda, a foothold at home will be the key? In terms of trade disputes, Obama believes that it is necessary for the United States to take arbitration to the World Trade Organization more actively? Litigation, etc
Financial policy: balancing the market and strengthening supervision?
The American economy is in recession, with high debt ratio, high unemployment rate, declining consumer confidence index and serious decline in credit turnover? Obama supports the government to implement the financial rescue plan, but believes that the rescue is only a temporary measure, and supervision should be strengthened. Does the government need to balance the market and government supervision?
In June 5438+February 65438+February 2008, Obama announced three nominations for officials involved in financial supervision, including the chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Chairman of the Product Futures Trading Commission and member of the Federal Reserve Board? He vowed to strengthen financial supervision? Combating greed and price manipulation to restore the stability of the financial system? Restore investor confidence? Obama said: "We will vigorously strengthen the supervision mechanism and upgrade it from a financial system oriented to the 20th century to a financial system oriented to the 20th century."
Recently, the American banking industry is in a hurry? On June 16, Citigroup disclosed a huge quarterly loss of nearly $8.3 billion and announced a split plan. Bank of America, the largest bank in the United States, was short of funds after the acquisition of Merrill Lynch, and accepted the rescue plan of the US Treasury with a total amount of138 billion US dollars? It is revealed that Obama's economic team is considering more radical measures to eradicate bad debts in the banking industry? Including the establishment of an independent state-owned "bad bank" or the establishment of several "bad banks" within existing large private banks to take over the non-performing assets of financial institutions; Or set up a series of institutions to deal with different asset levels? In addition to setting up "bad bank", the new government is still considering expanding the scope of asset guarantee for banks, even not excluding imitating the large-scale nationalization strategy of banks implemented in Europe in the 1990s? If finally put into practice, it may be the most powerful measure to help the banking industry in American history.
Energy policy: developing new energy sources?
Reduce dependence on oil? Developing new energy sources is the core of Obama's energy policy? Obama tried to find a balance between stimulating economic recovery and environmental protection. He advocated reducing dependence on foreign oil, advocating "energy independence" of the United States and giving birth to a brand-new energy industry.
Obama says clean energy can create new jobs? Just as the Clinton administration successfully promoted globalization and occupied the commanding heights of the economy by vigorously developing information technology, Obama also took new energy technology as a new fulcrum of economic growth and tried to create new economic advantages for the United States.
The energy policy announced by Obama includes the following parts:
On the strategic transformation of energy: providing short-term tax rebates for American families to cope with the rising energy prices; Investing $654.38+050 billion in alternative energy research in the next decade and providing tax incentives for related companies will help create 5 million jobs.
About electricity: dependence on oil from the Middle East and Venezuela will be greatly reduced. It is planned that by 20 12, 0/0% of the electricity generation in the United States will come from renewable energy, and this proportion will reach 25% in 2025.
On environmental protection: Obama said that he would reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 5 billion tons, and promised to pass new legislation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the United States by 80% by 2050 1990.
On cars: Obama said he would urge the government and the private sector to invest heavily in hybrid cars? New energy technologies such as electric vehicles reduce oil consumption in the United States? Encourage consumers to buy energy-efficient cars with a tax credit of $7,000, and support automobile manufacturers with a federal fund of $4 billion, and strive to achieve the sales of 6,543,800+hybrid vehicles in the United States by 2065.438+05? Support the mandatory "cap and trade" system, and strive to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 80% by 2050, which is lower than the level of 1990.
On new energy technology: Obama plans to transform American wind energy in three years? Double solar and geothermal power generation capacity? The government will invest heavily in green energy-wind energy? A new type of desert solar array with broad prospects, thermal insulation materials and forever effective nuclear energy? Others include hybrid cars? Power battery? Nuclear energy? Wind power generation? And solar equipment? Clean energy has become the top priority of American energy, and the United States is actively developing wind power? Hydropower? Nuclear energy? Solar energy? The strategy of renewable energy such as geothermal energy is irreversible.
About architecture: Obama will renovate the federal government office building on a large scale, including the energy-saving renovation of the White House; It will promote the upgrading of school facilities all over the country and build it into a 2 1 century school through energy-saving technology; It is necessary to carry out energy-saving renovation of public buildings nationwide and replace the original heating system with new energy-saving and environmental protection equipment.
Regarding capital investment: Will Obama pay attention to plug-in hybrid vehicles? Wind energy? Solar energy? Capital support such as nuclear energy will also provide some credit support to the rural clean energy industry? Moreover, it is also possible for the Obama administration to set up a national clean energy lending institution supported by federal funds to provide low-interest loans or loan guarantees for renewable energy projects, thus encouraging ordinary investors to develop in the field of renewable energy? At present, some Members have called for the establishment of relevant funds to provide funds for owners to improve energy efficiency.
Tax policy: restoring the "fairness" of tax bills?
Tax cuts will account for about 40% of Obama's economic stimulus package? This tax cut will mainly target people who pay income tax or declare low-income allowances. The goal is to restore the "fairness" of tax bills, that is, to allow low-and middle-income taxpayers to reduce taxes and high-income families to increase taxes? For example, a substantial increase in income tax credit will directly increase the income of poor workers.
Obama also raised the tax rate for the rich? He said that he would improve the financial situation of social insurance by increasing the payroll tax for families earning more than $250,000 a year? He raised the income tax ceiling for Americans from 35% to 39.5%, which is equivalent to the level in the late Clinton administration? And the capital gains tax rate will increase from 15% to 20%-28%? "carried interest", that is, income from private equity investment and hedge funds, will be taxed according to ordinary income, rather than the previous capital gains.
In addition, according to Obama's tax reduction plan, enterprises can also use the huge losses last year and any losses that may occur in 2009 to offset the taxes paid in the past five years, which will actually help enterprises obtain cash support from the government.
Another part of the tax reduction plan clearly States that enterprises that recruit new people or cancel the layoff plan can get a tax reduction of 1 year, and the total amount may reach $40-50 billion? Obama's tax cuts may also allow small businesses to offset a number of expenses totaling up to $250 million in 2009 and 20 10? The current ceiling is $654.38+75 million.
Medical system reform: expanding medical insurance coverage?
The main purpose of Obama's medical reform is to expand the coverage of medical insurance, hoping that every American can enjoy medical insurance, strengthen supervision, and use taxes to improve the medical insurance plan? Policy propositions include: I hope all children can enjoy medical insurance, and he will pay for it by abolishing the Bush administration's tax reduction policy for families with an annual income of more than $250,000; Require full coverage of medical insurance; Provide subsidies to low-income families; Families can choose private or government medical insurance plans when purchasing insurance; Insurance can change with work.
In addition to continuing to expand the medical assistance plan and children's medical security plan, and bringing more poor people into the safety net of medical security, the core of Obamacare's medical reform plan is to set up a government medical insurance plan similar to Medicare, targeting those who do not enjoy the medical insurance provided by employers and are not eligible to participate in the existing government medical plan? Obama will create a new national health insurance plan, that is, establish a government insurance agency to directly buy insurance for these people.
The biggest effect of Obama's plan is that in the short term, the number of people without medical insurance will be reduced by about half through direct government investment and mandatory regulations, and the medical expenses paid by the government for those without medical insurance will also be reduced to some extent.