(Peking University)

In 2009, the Department of Geology of Peking University will celebrate the birthday of 100. While celebrating the 0/00th anniversary of the founding of the school, people will naturally miss Professor Wang Lie who made great contributions to the construction and development of the Department of Geology.

Wang Lie (1887 ~ 1957), Zi Linzhi, born in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, is a geologist and geologist. 1909, the Department of Geology was established in Shi Jing University Hall (predecessor of Peking University), and Wang Lie was the first student. Shortly before graduation in February 2003, Wang Lie went to Germany to study. 1965438+After graduation in 2004, he returned to China and taught in Beijing Normal University and the Institute of Geology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce. 1965438+Professor of Geology Department of Peking University in August 2009. Since then, he has never left Peking University, never left his post of geological education and has been engaged in geological education for more than 40 years. He was the first person in China who studied geology and engaged in geological career all his life. During the period of 1924 ~ 1927 and 1928 ~ 193 1 year, he served as the department head of geology in Peking University twice. 1929 to 1933, acting dean of Peking University Second Hospital (College of Science), general manager and dean of Peking University Second Hospital, and secretary general of Peking University. Mr. Wang Lie has been engaged in geological undertakings all his life, especially geological education, and has made important contributions to the construction and development of the Department of Geology in Peking University and the cultivation of geological talents in China.

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Wang Lie, whose real name is Lin Zhi, was born on June 23rd, 1965 in Linpu Town, Xiaoshan County, Zhejiang Province. 10 years old went to Hangzhou, the provincial capital, to study, smart and diligent. 1906 was selected to study in the preparatory department of Shi Jing university, and 1909 graduated in the summer. 1August 3, 909 (June of the first year of Qing dynasty1August 8), the department invited university graduates to present awards, among which, those with 80 points or above in the preparatory course were the best, with *** 8 students, and Wang Lie ranked third with an average graduation score of 88 points and 3.4 points. Shi Jing University opened a branch campus in 1909, and the first branch campus of Gezhike University was Geology. It is the first department of geology established in Chinese universities and the beginning of cultivating geological talents in Chinese universities. At that time, it was stipulated that Gezhi University should be promoted to the preparatory German class. That year, five people, including Wang Lie, entered the Geology Department. They are the first batch of students in the Department of Geology and the first batch of students studying geology in China universities. At that time, Dr. F. Solga, a German geologist, was the main teacher of geology. 1965438+On May 3, 2002, the National Government approved the petition of the Ministry of Education to rename Shi Jing University Hall as Peking University. The students of this class graduated from 19 13 in May. Shortly before graduation, Wang Lie was allowed to study abroad at public expense. In February 2003, Wang Lie went to Brandenburg University to continue studying geology. At that time, Germany was busy preparing for the war with Britain, France and Russia, and the domestic situation was tense and chaotic. 19 14 August, World War I broke out. After graduation, Wang Lie hurried back to China.

After returning to China, Wang Lie taught in the Department of Natural History of Beijing Normal University (the predecessor of Beijing Normal University). The Geological Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce was established in June, 19 13, and was anchored in Peking University for the first two years. It is a three-year geological college run by China. Wang Lie was the first geology student in Peking University to study in Germany. He also taught structural geology and German in the Institute of Geology, and concurrently worked in geological survey. 19 16 In July, 22 people graduated from the School of Geology, including 8 people with diplomas 13 people engaged in geological survey. Since then, China's geological survey has really started and laid a good foundation for the future development of geological work. Wang Lie has also contributed to the cultivation of these geological talents.

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After the end of the College of Geology, the Department of Geology of Peking University resumed enrollment in the autumn of 19 19, and was renamed the Department of Geology in the autumn of 19 19. 19 19 In August, Wang Lie was hired as a professor of geology in Peking University. Until 1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, he has been teaching in Peking University, and has served as a teacher of mineralogy, mineralogy practice, advanced mineral experiment, geology, petrology and practice, advanced petrology and practice, topographic survey and practice, etc. I often take three or four courses at the same time, with as many as 65430 courses per week. Professor Wang Lie's courses cover many different subjects and have a wide range of knowledge. His lectures are very popular with students. 1928 He was also a professor of geology at the Second Institute of Technology (formerly Beiyang University) of Peiping University.

In the early 1920s, there were few geological documents about China in China, and several China books written by German geologist Richthofen were one of the important reference documents. However, few people could read German at that time, and Wang Lie took pains to teach students German through translation or interpretation. 1920 10, grip, a German-American geologist and paleontologist, wants to hire a professor from the Department of Geology of Peking University to teach paleontology, geological history and other courses. He taught in English and German, initially translated by Wang Lie. Professor Glip has trained a group of famous geologists and paleontologists for China. It is believed that Wang Lie played a very helpful role.

From June 1924 to April 1927, from September 1928 to September193/kloc-0, Wang Lie served as the head of the Department of Geology of Peking University twice. During this period, the faculty of Geology Department has been greatly strengthened. He Jie, Wen, Wang, Li Lipu, Li Siguang, Zhu Jiahua and other professors have taught in this department successively. In particular, two professors, Glip and Li Siguang, came to teach in this department on 1920, which greatly promoted teaching, personnel training and scientific research. During this period, the curriculum was continuously improved, and the curriculum was divided into compulsory subjects and elective subjects, general subjects and advanced subjects. Starting from the fall semester of 1923, the third and fourth grades are divided into three courses: mineral petrology, economic geology and paleontology for students to choose from. Teachers are committed to teaching; The teaching content is rich, focusing on cultivating students' independent thinking ability; Cultivating young people is both strict and enthusiastic. Attach importance to field practice. Great progress has been made in scientific research. Wang Lie has made an important contribution to this.

Wang Lie is very concerned about the growth of young people. 1September, 920, Yang, a sophomore in Geology Department, initiated the establishment of the Geological Research Association, with the purpose of "combining the spirit of scholarship, enhancing the interest in seeking truth and engaging in geological research". The inaugural meeting of 10 was held on 10, but Wang Lie was unable to attend for some reason. But he and other professors actively support the activities of the association. 1920165438+128 October, the seminar held a lecture, and Wang Lie delivered a speech entitled "zhina transgression era and Kunlun transgression era in China". Starting with geological history and land-sea changes, he emphatically introduced the "zhina transgression" of Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian in China area with charts. The written record of this lecture was published in the first issue of Annual Journal of Peking University National Geological Research Association (published on 192 1 year 1 month 1 day). According to the Minutes of Geological Research Society, there are four meetings, namely, urging scholars to give lectures, making field trips, publishing magazines and compiling books. 1920 12 12, the seminar held a tea party, urging teachers to participate and asking for advice on how to carry out community activities. Weng, Glip, He Jie and Professor attended the meeting and expressed their opinions. Wang Lie made suggestions on research policy. He said: "(1) Pay attention to the theory and don't rush to apply it; (2) The new theory in science can replace the old theory, so there is no need to have an absolute concept; (3) Scientific methods should be used to sort out the fashionable and messy geological survey reports in China. " "As for the field investigation, you can use the summer vacation to go home and do it again. What can be done now should be done first. "It is difficult for geological research to carry out activities according to the above four contents, one of which is funding. Wang Lie said at the tea party: "You can petition all the faculty members of the Geology Department for donations first, or, as Professor Glip said, you can collect donations from foreigners. "After the meeting, Professor He Jie, director of the Department, initiated donations from all faculty members of the Department of Geology. From 192 1, a total of 125 yuan was raised to support the activities of the seminar.

Wang Lie supports the activities of the Geological Research Society in many ways and encourages them to make achievements. Journal of Peking University National Geological Research Association, the third issue, published in July, 1928. Wang Lie wrote a preface, discussing "the profoundness of modern geology to modern civilization" from the aspects of mining, industry, agriculture, water conservancy, disasters, commerce and military affairs, but "China people ignore it every time as a theoretical science" and "the geology department of our school is organized by colleagues. 1929165438+1On October 26th, the general meeting of the Geological Research Association was explicitly renamed as "Geological Society of Peking University". The fifth issue of Journal of the National Geological Society of Peking University was published in April, 193 1. Wang Lie wrote a preface, pointing out that "since last year, people in our country have often regretted the scarcity of publications, especially scientific works. "Today, the journal of the Geological Society of our school published the Fu Zi again. After publication, the contribution of the journal to the academic circles may be minimal, but it is enough for China people and scholars to observe, so it is obvious. The future is immeasurable, but the benefits are far-reaching. "

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Wang Lie is mainly engaged in teaching, but also engaged in geological survey and scientific research. When Wang Lie returned to China, the geological work in China was still in the preliminary preparation stage. His Geological Report of Babaoshan Coalfield in Huailai County, Hebei Province is one of the earliest geological reports in China. 1920, 10, 16 On the night, an earthquake of magnitude 8 occurred. Haiyuan and Guyuan (now Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region) in the east of Gansu Province suffered a magnitude of 5 on the Richter scale, with more than 200,000 deaths and countless losses of houses, livestock and farmland. 1921February 15, the Ministry of Education instructed Wang Lie, a professor from Peking University, and Yang Duo, an assistant of surveying, to send personnel to visit the earthquake-stricken areas in Shaanxi and Gansu. This is the first earthquake survey organized since the Republic of China. Six people, including Weng and Xie, set off on April 15 192 1 and took the Beijing-Suiyuan bus to Suiyuan. From Suiyuan to Gaolan via Ningxia, and then to Lanzhou via Guyuan, Pingliang and Tianshui. The important locations of earthquake disasters were investigated. The purpose of this trip is to pay special attention to scientific research, not only to investigate earthquake disasters, landslides, ground fissures and other phenomena, but also to pay more attention to geological investigation to understand the source of this seismic wave and its relationship with the crust. The earthquakes in Haiyuan, Guyuan and other places in Gansu are the most serious, followed by the Shaanxi-Gansu border. In addition, earthquakes were felt in Shanxi, Henan, Zhili (now Hebei), Shandong, Hubei, Anhui and other provinces, but no disasters were caused. The investigation lasted for nearly four months. Later, Xie stayed there to continue the investigation. After this investigation, Weng and Xie both published relevant papers. In the article, Mr. Xie also wrote, "Weng Yongni (Weng) and Wang Junlinzhi () are both members who went to Gansu. When they traveled together, they discussed the survey materials and learned a lot. " After this investigation, Wang Lie went south to Wudu, Gansu and Hanzhong, Shaanxi to investigate. He bought the fossil of Shiyan tablet from a pharmacy in Hanzhong, and asked Professor Glip to study it after returning to Beijing. After tracing, he found that the fossils originated in Guangxi (there are many similar people in Hunan). Later, grip published the Devonian brachiopod fossils of China, one of China's paleontological monographs. One of the new species was named "Wang Lie Shiyan" to show his admiration for Wang Lie.

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Wang Lie took an active part in academic exchange activities of geological science. Wang Lie is one of the 26 founding members of geological society of china. 1922 65438+1On October 27th, 2 6 geologists were invited to meet in the conference room of the newly-built library of Beijing Geological Survey to discuss the draft articles of association of the institute one by one. Ding Wenjiang, chairman of the meeting, proposed to set up a five-member preparatory committee to recommend candidates for the staff of the Institute, with Zhang as the chairman and one of the preparatory committee members (the other three are Weng, Li Siguang and Glip). On February 3rd, a general meeting was held, the articles of association were adopted, the staff were elected, and geological society of china was formally established. Wang Lie was elected as the first evaluator (equivalent to a later board member).

From 1922 to 1924, Wang Lie was a commentator for three times. 192565438+1geological society of china held its third annual meeting in Beijing from October 3 to 5, and1October 4, 65438+held a meeting in the lecture hall of Peking University Second Hospital. The meeting was presided over by President Weng, who gave a speech entitled "Theoretical Geology and Practical Geology". Glip gave an academic report entitled "Factors of organic evolution of Myitsone-Dezhan". Later, Wang Lie was elected as the vice-president of the fifth (1926 ~ 1927) and seventh (1929) Council of geological society of china.

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In the 1920s and 1930s, Wang Lie also took part in some management work in Peking University. From 65438 to 0924, he became the general manager of the school. On September 2 1928 and 2 1 day, Nanjing National Government decided to set up Beiping University Zone, and merged nine national institutions of higher learning in Beiping, including Peking University, and national institutions of higher learning in Tianjin and Hebei into Beiping University. This decision was strongly opposed by teachers and students of Peking University, demanding the restoration of Peking University. 1929 1 month, the Ministry of Education of Nanjing government gave in and decided that the name of the school was Peking University College, including the First College (College of Arts), the Second College (College of Science) and the Third College (Academy of Social Sciences). Peking University is still used for translation. After being forced to suspend classes for more than nine months, Peking University resumed classes on March 1929+0 1. 1929 65438+1On October 22nd, Wang Lie was appointed as the Acting Dean of the Second Hospital of Peking University. On March 1 1, Wang Lie was appointed as the general manager and dean of Peking University Second Hospital. On March 17, Peking University College held the election of board members, and seven people including Wang Lie were elected as board members. 13 On April 3rd, he concurrently served as chairman of the Finance Committee, member of the School Establishment Committee, member of the Natural Science Quarterly Committee and member of the Natural Science Department of the Institute. On August 3rd, Wang Lie wrote to Chen Daqi, president of Peking University, and resigned as the general manager and dean of the Second Hospital. Dean Chen asked to give up his resignation and stay at Peking University until the end. On August 8th, he wrote to President Chen, saying that he would not resign for the time being, but would be limited to his appointment.

In July 1929, 1, the regional examination of Beiping University was stopped. On August 6th, the National Government decided that Peking University Peking University should leave Peking University and formally restore the name of the National Peking University. On August 8th, Peking University Student Union called the Ministry of Education, demanding the appointment of President Cai Yuanpei, and wrote to Chen Daqi to temporarily maintain school affairs. On August 23, all the faculty of Peking University called Mr. Cai Yuanpei: Peking University is fortunate to be restored, and the president must belong to Mr. Wang, begging for the restoration of the North to comfort the public. And suggested inviting Mr. Wang Lie and Mr. Liu Fu to Shanghai. Wang Lie, Liu Fu and representatives of the Student Union immediately went to Shanghai to persuade Mr. Cai Yuanpei to return to school. Mr. Cai said: "I deeply feel that you have defended Peking University and loved my kindness." /kloc-In September of 0/6, the National Government appointed Cai Yuanpei as the president of Peking University. Before Cai arrived, Chen Daqi represented him.

1929 to 10, Wang Lie is a member of the board of directors of Peking University (*** 13), the chairman of the school-building committee, and a member of the finance, employment, general affairs and student affairs committees. 1930 In September, Peking University cancelled the original Council and set up a school affairs meeting to decide the school's policy and major policies. From September 193 1 to September 1937, Wang Lie was a member of the school affairs meeting. From July of 193 1 year to February of 1933, Wang Lie served as Secretary-General of Peking University. In addition, 193 1 ~ 1937 is also a member of the books and documents committee, 193 1 ~ 1933 is a member of the finance committee, and 1932 ~ 65438 is a student. In the above positions, Wang Lie has contributed to the construction and development of Peking University.

In the "Peking University National Classmates Record" (1930), Wang Lie wrote a preface, hoping to help the students. He wrote: "It is not easy for you to complete your college education under the stormy educational situation in our country. Think back to how many difficulties our school has experienced in the past six years to get its present position. Now you have graduated. On the one hand, I am honored to celebrate for you; On the one hand, I also hope that you will continue to study academically, continue to struggle for the society and the country, and carry forward the glory of Peking University in the whole country with the purpose of Excellence, service, hard-working experience and indomitable spirit of our school. You have a bright future and you are willing to do it yourself. "

Wang Lie resigned as Secretary-General several times. 19311218. Wang Lie wrote a letter to President Jiang Menglin, in which he wrote, "I am too eager to teach and I am not used to ordinary things. I was entrusted with the important task of secretary-general and resigned many times. So far, I have not been allowed, and there have been many delays. Recently, my classmates went to Beijing to demonstrate, accepted the recommendation of the school affairs meeting, and took care of them in the south. They were very tired. It's really hard to make a fuss anymore, so I resigned as the secretary-general to give myself a rest and feel no responsibility. " On February 24, 65438, the school affairs meeting decided that before President Jiang returned to school, Secretary-General Wang would perform his duties as usual. Wang Lie took the overall situation into consideration and continued to perform his duties until the new Secretary-General took office on February 6.

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1On July 7th, 937, Japanese imperialism created the Lugouqiao Incident and launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, from which China people's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the national liberation war began. On July 29th, Beiping fell, and on July 30th, the Japanese army occupied Tianjin. After the fall of Peiping and Tianjin, the National Government ordered Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University to move south to Changsha, Hunan, and set up the National Temporary University of Changsha. 1938 moved to Kunming, Yunnan at the beginning, and changed its name to National Southwest Associated University in April.

Wang Lie was keen on education all his life. No matter during the period of warlord scuffle or War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, he insisted on the post of education. After Japanese imperialism occupied Peiping, Wang Lie, who was over half a century old, went to Changsha and Kunming to continue his efforts to cultivate geological youth at the critical moment of national disaster, regardless of his physical decline. This lofty national integrity touched many intellectuals in the education field who stayed in the occupied areas. With the patriotic feelings of Wang Lie and others, they rushed to the home front.

Wang Lie is a professor in the Department of Geology, Geography and Meteorology of Changsha Temporary University and Southwest Associated University. He has been teaching mineralogy, optical mineralogy, petrology and surveying. He is one of the oldest mineralogists and geologists in China and the oldest professor in the Department of Geology, Geography and Meteorology. The students were impressed by what he saw in class. He has teaching experience. He doesn't read the lecture notes when giving lectures. He often pushes his reading glasses to his forehead, and many numbers can be recited to the third or fourth place after the decimal point. His style is rigorous, and he often takes out his pocket watch after writing a paragraph. As soon as the bell rings, his speech will be over. When students asked him questions with mineral and rock specimens, he picked up a magnifying glass or tested the specimens with simple testing methods, and quickly answered the students' questions. He instructed students to identify rock slices, and after several turns under the polarizer, the names of minerals could be accurately determined. He is recognized as an old authority with rich practical experience in mineralogy and petrology. During his stay at National Southwest Associated University, he also actively participated in various academic activities. He was invited to give a lecture on the history of geological education in China for all teachers and students.

1August, 945, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression won. /kloc-in the summer of 0/946, Peking University was demobilized to Peiping. Wang Lie took pains to travel long distances, and first returned to Peiping from Kunming, ready to dissolve the Department of Geology of Peking University. Although he is nearly sixty years old, he still works hard for demobilization. After the school started in June 1946, he still taught general geology and general mineralogy. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/948, the national government carried out the so-called "currency reform", which greatly stimulated Wang Lie's spirit and seriously deteriorated his health.

After 1950, Mr. Wang was old and ill, unable to teach, and retired at home, but still cared about education. Teacher Wang is usually busy with teaching and administrative work and doesn't write much. After retirement, he was weak, but when his illness recovered slightly and his spirit improved, he devoted himself to the translation of books on mineralogy and petrology, giving full play to the waste heat of geological science and completing several volumes in a few years. Unfortunately, this was done when I was sick, and my spirit was not concentrated enough. It still needs to be dealt with when it is published, but my husband died before the book was finished.

Wang Lie's diseases in his later years were mainly in the nervous system. 1At the end of 956, his illness turned into drama and he was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital for treatment. 1957 died on February 2, at the age of 70.

After Mr. Wang died, he moved to Xianliang Temple in Dongcheng. On February 1957 and 10, Professor Ma Yinchu, President of Peking University, and Professor He Jie, Vice President of Beijing Institute of Mining and Technology (an old friend of Wang Lie and head of Peking University Geology Department) presided over the public sacrifice meeting in Wang Lie. Colleagues, students, relatives and friends from Wang Lie attended the public sacrifice meeting, and some representatives, directors and members of the Second National Congress of geological society of china, which is being held, also attended the public sacrifice meeting. Mr Wang Lie's body was buried in Wan 'an Cemetery in the western suburbs of Beijing.

Professor Wang Lie has worked hard in the field of geological education for more than 40 years, and has worked in the geology departments of Peking University and Peking University for more than 30 years. He has made contributions to the construction and development of the geology departments of Peking University and Peking University, and trained a batch of geological science talents. His contribution to China's geological cause, especially geological education, is indispensable, and his persistent work spirit is always worth learning and carrying forward by Peking University and the younger generation in the geological field.

Take the exam and contribute.

[1] Gao Zhenxi. Biography of Mr. Wang Lie (Linzhi). Geological Review, 1957, 17 (2): 204 ~ 206.

[2] Pan Yuntang. Brief introduction of scientific and technical experts of China Association for Science and Technology in Wang Lie, China. Science and geography volume ii. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 200 1, 1 ~ 5.

[3] Yu Fang and Wang Lie. Geology of China 1992 (7) Geologists, sponsored by the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of People's Republic of China (PRC). Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1992,33.

[4] Wang Xuezhen and other Historical Materials of Peking University, Volume II (19 12 ~ 1937). Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 2000.

[5] Wang Xuezhen et al. Chronicle of Peking University (1898 ~ 1997). Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 2008, 2nd Edition.