Linchuan Wang (403-444), the imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties, with Liang Zhu. Liu Xiang, who wrote Shi Shuo in the Han Dynasty, has long since passed away.
The book was originally named Shi Shuo, which was later distinguished from Liu Xiangshu, also known as Shi Shuo Shu Xin. It was renamed today after the Song Dynasty. There are eight volumes in the original book, ten volumes in Liu Xiao's notes, and three volumes in this book, which are divided into 36 subjects such as morality and speech. It describes the anecdotes of celebrities and nobles from the end of Han Dynasty to Liu Song Dynasty, which are mainly manifested in stories about people, metaphysics and smooth stories.
Sui Shu Economic Annals included it in the novel. & lt& gt He called Liu Yiqing "simple in nature", "fond of literature and meaning" and "gathering scholars, there must be distance".
Although the individual facts recorded in this book are not accurate, they reflect the ideological style of aristocratic families at that time, and preserve the historical materials of society, politics, thought, literature and language, which is of great value. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a representative novel of Zhi Ren in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, which was compiled by Liu Yiqing in Southern Song Dynasty.
According to the content, it can be divided into 36 categories, such as morality, speech, politics and literature. Each category contains several stories, including more than 1000 books, each with different length, some with several lines and some with several words. This shows the appeal and characteristics of "taking notes at will" in note novels. The content mainly records the words and deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin and Song Dynasties.
The characters in the book are all real people in history, but some of their remarks or stories are hearsay and do not conform to historical facts. A considerable part of this book is a jumble of books.
For example, the stories of individual characters in the Western Han Dynasty, such as Guizhen and Yuan Xian, were collected from Historical Records and Hanshu. Other parts are also collected from previous records.
The stories of some characters in Jin and Song Dynasties, such as the dialogue between Xie Lingyun and Kong Chunzhi in Speech, may be taken from rumors at that time because these characters are contemporary with Liu Yiqing. The first word, the second politics, the third article, the fourth founder, the fifth magnanimity, the sixth evaluation, the seventh praise, the eighth taste, the ninth regulation, the tenth enlightenment, the eleventh admiration, the twelfth generosity, the thirteenth rehabilitation of Rong Zhi, the fifteenth career envy, the sixteenth loss, the seventeenth residence, the eighteenth virtuous garden, the nineteenth technical solution, the twentieth skillful art, the twenty-first pet gift, the twenty-second birthday, the twenty-third pure pride, the twenty-fourth ranking, the twenty-fifth contempt, the twenty-sixth falsehood, the twenty-seventh exemption Thirty-one risks, thirty-two regrets, thirty-three mistakes, thirty-four confusions and thirty-five enmities. Shi Shuo Xin Yu mainly describes the life and thoughts of scholars and the situation of the ruling class, reflecting the thoughts and behaviors of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties and the life of the upper class, and the records are quite rich and true
In addition, Shi Shuo Xin Yu makes good use of literary techniques such as metaphor, metaphor, exaggeration and description, which not only retains many well-known words, but also adds infinite glory to the book. The current Shi Shuo Xin Yu has not only literary appreciation value, but also stories and literary allusions. Most of them are used by later writers and have a great influence on later notes.
The words in Shi Shuo Xin Yu are generally simple prose, sometimes just like spoken language, but meaningful. They are also quite distinctive in the articles of Jin and Song Dynasties, so they have always been liked by people, and many of them have become common allusions in poetry. Second, the first episode of Youyang Zayu has 20 volumes ***30 articles, and 10 volumes * * * 6 sequels.
There are immortals, buddhas, ghosts, people, animals, plants, food, wine, temples and so on. , and classified and catalogued. Some content belongs to the legend category, while others record exotic things in different places, similar to Jin Zhanghua's natural history. What he described, or picking up old news, or writing his own stories, "there are many bizarre and absurd things, and the secrets of posthumous documents are often wrong, so although the critics are sick of their exaggeration, they have to quote each other" (Catalogue of Siku Quanshu).
Many of these titles are quite obscure and bizarre, such as "History of Daohu", "Notes on Buddhist Books and Monuments", "Burying Bodies", "Strange Purposes and Nogory Records" and so on. The sequel, The Story of the Temple Pagoda, consists of two volumes, detailing the buildings and murals of the Buddhist temples in Chang 'an, and preserving many precious historical materials for future generations to compile the chronicle of Chang 'an.
Third, History of Dong Qiye, 20 volumes, written by Song. The author is known as Cao Chuang, and also as Weng, Xiao Zhai, Surabaya Qianfu, Chinatown Master and Yang Ren.
Originally from Jinan. His great-grandfather moved from Jinan to Mi IV in Xing Wu.
His family has been an official for generations, and I served as the Yiwu Order during the Song Blessing period. He stayed in Hangzhou and lived in Guixin Street when he entered Yuan Dynasty. He pretends to be an old man in the Southern Song Dynasty and has a wide range of friends, so he is very knowledgeable. It is the name of the book Qi Dong Yu Ye, which means that the author never forgets his ancestral home.
Many imperial events in the book at the turn of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, such as "the beginning and end of Li Quan", "the end of peace in Romania" and "the second assistant", are precious materials. It is most convenient for this book to be edited by Zhang Zai 1983 of Zhonghua Book Company.
2. The authors of the references come from many foreign countries, and the translation is Baidu Academic in China. You can find references, enter keywords, and in the input year, you can find corresponding references.
If you don't know the requirements of the reference format, you can search Baidu and automatically refer to the document generator. Fill it out and come out.
Baidu search citation automatic generator, fill it in, and click Generate Citation to come out. Author. Title [D] City: storage unit, year of issue. Lin Li. Study on comprehensive health status of hospitalized burn patients and its influencing factors [D]. Fuzhou: Fujian Medical University, 2009. Others: author. Title [J] Publication name, year, volume (issue): page number. Shen Ping, Peng Xiangyue, Li. 47( 10):930-932. Author. Title [M]. Version. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page number. Hu Yan Nursing research. Fourth edition. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 20 12:38. Author. 2000-11-20 (15). Author. Title [EB/OL]. Website, publication date/citation date (optional). World Health Organization. 10 facts about patient safety [EB/OL]. Others:
1. Title: accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel. 2. Table of Contents: A table of contents is a brief list of main paragraphs in a paper.
(Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents) 3. Abstract: It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, and it is required to be short, accurate and complete. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. Keywords or subject words: keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, and are words with substantive significance to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval.
Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract". Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, the paper should have a theme, and according to the indexing and collocation rules, it should be converted into standardized words in the subject glossary.
5. Paper body: (1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing.
The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme. (2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions.
The main part includes the following contents: a. Proposition-demonstration; B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments; C. solving problems-demonstration and steps; D. conclusion. 6. The references of the paper refer to the main documents listed at the end of the paper that can be referenced or quoted in writing.
References should be marked on a new page according to GB77 14-87 "Description Rules of References at the End of Documents". English: Title-Author-Publication Information (edition, publishing house, publication date): Author-Title-Requirements for references listed in publication information: (1) The listed references should be official publications for readers' textual research.
(2) The listed references shall be marked with serial numbers, titles of works or articles, authors and publication information.
3. Reference Content Reference Details:
(1) Document ID
Reference numbers should be identified in the text of the paper according to the order in which they appear. The reference numbers should be put in square brackets with Arabic numerals and placed at the end of the quoted content, and treated as superscript. Such as: * * * [1].
In addition, if the same document is quoted in many places in the text, you can just add comments to the most important one, and there is no need to mark other places.
References cited in full text can only be marked in sequence.
The original documents cited in the paper should be quoted in quotation marks; If you quote the original meaning, use a colon or comma before the text, without quotation marks. A relatively complete long quotation should be divided into separate paragraphs, that is, a new paragraph should be added after the colon.
(2) Writing format
The Chinese content in the references is written in Song Ti No.5, and the English content is written in Times New Roman. ..
The writing format of references should conform to GB77 14-87 "Description Rules of References after Text". According to the citation order of the paper, the contribution number is written in the top box with brackets "[]", followed by the author's name. When the text wraps, align with the first word of the author's name. The compilation rules of commonly used references are as follows:
① Continuous publications
[serial number] Principal. File title [J]. Name of the publication. Publication year, volume number (issue number): starting and ending page numbers.
② monograph
[serial number] Principal. Title of the document [M]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page number.
③ Prose
[serial number] Principal. Literary title [C]. Editor in chief. Prose collection name. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page numbers.
④ Dissertation
[serial number] Principal. Title of the document [D]. Storage location: storage unit, year.
⑤ Report
[serial number] Principal. The title of the document. Report location: organizer and year of the report.
⑥ Patent literature
[serial number] patent owner. Patent name [P]. Patent country: patent number, release date.
⑦ International and national standards
[serial number] standard code, standard name. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.
8 newspaper articles
[serial number] Principal. File title [N]. Name and publication date (edition) of the newspaper.
Pet-name ruby electronic literature
[serial number] Principal. Title of electronic document [document type/carrier type]. The publication or available address, publication date or update/reference date of the electronic document.
When there is more than one person in charge, generally only three authors are listed, and the names of different authors are separated by commas. The word "equal" is added to Chinese documents after the third author, and the word "equal" is added to foreign documents after the third author. According to international practice, the abbreviation of the author's name in a foreign language comes before the author's surname. If the academic journal has no volume number, this item can be omitted and written directly as "year, (issue)".
English literature titles are all lowercase except the first letter of the first word; The first word of Russian literary names and the first letter of special nouns are capitalized, and the rest are lowercase; For Japanese documents and names, Chinese characters should be Japanese, not Chinese characters and simplified characters.
I hope I can help you ~ ~
4. Do you want to write the first edition of the reference format of the book?
The information source of reference is the reference itself. Monographs, papers, dissertations, scientific reports, patent documents, etc.
Each description item can be recorded according to the main information sources such as title page, version record page and cover; Articles separated from monographs, papers and articles in newspapers and periodicals record the information of the separated documents according to the reference documents themselves and the sources of the separated documents according to the main information sources. Micro-copy records can be made according to the title box, title, label and attachment on the container; Recording optical discs according to labels and accessories; Record network information according to the information in a specific website.
Extended data reference description format 1, periodical author, title [j], publication year, volume (issue): page 2, monograph author, title [m], edition (not recorded in the first edition), publishing place: publishing house, publication year: page 3, anthology author: title [c], publication year: page 4. Author of the paper. Title [D] Save the location. Save unit. The fifth year. Title of the patent document [P]. Country. Patent number. Publication date 6. Standard number. Standard name 7. Newspaper writer. Title. Newspaper name. Publication date (version) 8.
5. How to write the format of references with authors and translators? The format is: original author's surname, original author's initials (original publication year).
The translated title (the initials of the translator's name). Place of publication: publishing house (year when the translation was published).
Reference is the whole reference or quotation of a book or a paper in the process of academic research. The cited documents have been noted in the notes and no longer appear in the following references.
According to the requirements of China Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) Retrieval and Evaluation Data Standard (Trial) and China Social Science Journals Arrangement Standard (Revised Edition), many publications distinguish between references and annotations, and define annotations as "words that further explain or supplement a certain content in a text", which are listed at the end of the article, separated from references or placed at the footer. Extended data:
On August 20, 2007, the symposium on the arrangement standard of comprehensive humanities and social sciences academic journals was held in Tsinghua University, and it was decided that some journals would start to implement the new standard "Technical Specification for Citation of Comprehensive Journals" from 2008.
This technical specification summarizes the "annotation" style and "author-publication year" style of literature citation. The word "reference" is no longer used.
These two kinds of literature description or citation norms have great influence in China, and the latter is mainly used in higher-level academic journals of humanities and social sciences. 1. The description rule of references is GB/T 77 14-2005, which is applicable to "references catalogued by authors and editors but not used by librarians, catalogers and index editors".