In the United States, there are top Harvard and Yale universities, and other universities are divided into three grades. Full professors in local universities in a certain state just can't hold the same view as full professors in Harvard University, which is the result of market economy competition. The salary difference between professors in famous universities and ordinary universities may be several times. Although they are all called professors, their social status and economic status are very different due to different units. This is not to say that professors in second-and third-rate schools are worse than professors in first-class schools. Generally speaking, professors in prestigious schools focus on scientific research, while the so-called second-and third-tier schools require professors to focus on teaching, but undergraduates will be directly taught by professors. In any case, this system conforms to the reality of market economy, greatly encourages competition and promotes social progress.
Are there various schools and criteria for judging professors? Not exactly. What American universities do pays great attention to benchmarks similar to their own situation, and strives to do better and improve themselves when conditions permit, so that professors will be eliminated by the superior and the inferior. This is another mechanism full of healthy competition. So, how do professors get promoted in a school? There are three evaluation criteria, that is to say, professors should accumulate their own capital in three aspects: teaching situation (integrating the teaching situation reflected by students anonymously filling out the evaluation form at the end of each semester), scientific research situation (colleges and universities require to publish at least one or two articles in famous journals every year, and universities focusing on scientific research require higher requirements) and public service situation (including attending at least one national academic conference every year, in general). Professors can reimburse most of the travel and accommodation expenses for attending academic conferences for one year. If they make academic reports or hold leadership positions in academic organizations, they will be given an extra subsidy every time they attend the conferences. The system of evaluating professional titles in the United States is a link-by-link, and makes it a virtuous circle: (1) Let professors and others, a radish and a pit, the survival of the fittest, instead of a group of monks fighting for a bowl of porridge; (2) I compete with myself, knowing that I can eat several bowls of dry rice, and I can't blame others, so I can only strive to meet the standards; (3) Because all tenured professors participate in the evaluation, this process is highly transparent, and secondly, the audited units and professors are encouraged to establish healthy interpersonal relationships for five or six years; (4) The judges have a wide range and many levels, which eliminates the back door and personal connections.
The system of newspapers and news agencies in different countries in the world is different, and the work series, wages and remuneration of journalists and editors are also very different. First, there is no uniform professional title regulation in Britain and America, and newspapers, magazines and news agencies all have their own corresponding systems. Generally speaking, editors are divided into four levels: chief editor, editor, assistant editor and junior editor. There are interns under junior editors, not editors. A "junior editor" is equivalent to an editor in China, and an "assistant editor" has the right to publish. Journalists are divided into three categories: senior journalists (that is, senior journalists), journalists and assistant journalists. Journalists are lower than editors, and some senior journalists may even be equivalent to assistant editors.