fill (up) a vacancy
1. There are two organizational principles for the specialization of production units, namely, specialization of production technology and specialization of product objects.
2. Making every link in the production process have roughly equal productivity is the material basis for achieving balanced production.
3. According to its functional requirements, any FMS should be composed of processing system, material storage and transportation system and computer management control system.
4. Rolling planning generally divides the planning period into three periods: implementation period, preparation period and prospect period.
5. The purchased quantity of an item = the demand of the item in the planning period+ending inventory reserve-opening inventory reserve-available resources in the enterprise.
6. The indicators for evaluating the rationality and advancement of the organizational structure and operation management of a production system mainly include: (1) the continuity of the production process; (2) Parallelism of production process; (3) Balance and rhythm of production process; (4) Proportionality of production system; (5) Flexibility of production system.
7, foreign production capacity is divided into fixed capacity and adjustable capacity.
8. The steps of functional analysis include: defining functional requirements, defining functions, sorting out functions and evaluating functions.
9. The assembly line can be divided into fixed assembly line and mobile assembly line according to the moving mode of the processed object.
The system control software of 10 and FMS includes system management, system monitoring and quality monitoring.
1 1. The most basic production unit in an enterprise's production system is the workshop.
12. Making all links in the production process have roughly equal productivity is the material basis for achieving balanced production.
13. There are three typical moving modes for a batch of workpieces to move between processes, namely, sequential moving, _ _ parallel moving and parallel sequential moving.
14. For products with relatively stable demand and repeated production periodically, the commonly used cycle and quantity standards are: _ production cycle, production interval, production lead time _, batches and reserves of products in process, etc.
15. The main characteristics of single piece and small batch production type are: system management, system monitoring and quality monitoring.
16. Production is the process of transforming resources into products that can meet people's needs through labor.
17. The work steps of site selection can generally be divided into three stages: (1)_ preparation stage _; (2)_ Field investigation stage; (3) Selection and determination of scheme stage.
18. The external environmental factors that affect the enthusiasm of enterprises to develop new products can be divided into technology promotion, market traction, peer competition and government policy incentives, which are the source of new product development.
19. The external quality of products refers to the style, aesthetics and packaging of products.
20. The preparation methods of material consumption quota include empirical estimation, statistical analysis, measured method and technical calculation.
2 1. The three-level maintenance of equipment is daily maintenance, first-level maintenance and second-level maintenance.
22. Equipment repair is generally divided into minor repairs, medium repairs and major repairs.
23. Users put forward seven requirements for products, such as variety and style, quality, quantity, price, service, delivery date, environmental protection and safety.
Dynamic alliance means that when an enterprise discovers a market opportunity, it should not try to develop new products alone to win such an opportunity.
25. There are two methods to calculate the net output value: one is the output method; The second is the _ distribution method.
26. Value in value analysis refers to the evaluation scale of products or operating systems, specifically, the input-output ratio or utility-cost ratio.
27. Advantages of Delphi method: _ concise and intuitive, and the prediction result has high reference value, which is welcomed by planners.
28. The plan of an enterprise can generally be divided into three levels: strategic level, tactical level and operational level.
29.MRP is a highly integrated management information system based on the production outline of the comprehensive business plan of the enterprise and centered on the production planning system, including marketing, production and finance.
30. Equipment wear can be roughly divided into three stages: (1)_ initial wear stage; (2) Normal wear stage; (3) Severe wear stage.
Second, judge and correct mistakes.
1, the most basic production unit in the enterprise production system is the production workshop. (×)
Change: The most basic production unit in the enterprise production system is the production workshop (workplace).
2. The production capacity of an enterprise refers to the maximum quantity of a certain product that an enterprise can produce under certain circumstances. (×)
Change: the production capacity of an enterprise refers to the maximum quantity of a product that an enterprise can produce under certain circumstances (under normal and reasonable circumstances).
3. The external quality of the product refers to the structure and performance of the product. (×)
Change: The external quality of a product refers to its structure and performance (style, aesthetics, packaging) and so on.
4. Single-object assembly line is generally suitable for mass production of fixed varieties. √
5. The qualitative forecasting methods of product market demand include Delphi method, user survey method, collective discussion method of department leaders and statistical analysis method.
The qualitative forecasting methods of product market demand include Delphi method, user survey method, collective discussion method of department leaders and (statistical analysis method).
Third, short answer questions
1. Do users have any requirements for products? What do they mean?
A: Users put forward seven requirements for products: variety, style, quality, quantity, price, service, delivery date and environmental protection and safety. (2 points)
Variety and style. Its performance is the particularity of product specifications, the breadth and depth of product series and the novelty of product varieties. ( 1)
Quality. Performance in the product's use function, appearance, reliability, life, etc., the satisfaction of user needs is the standard to evaluate product quality. ( 1)
Quantity. User's requirements for product quantity.
Price. The price paid by the user for obtaining the use value. ( 1)
Service. Refers to the services provided to users before and after sale.
Delivery date. User's requirements for delivery time. ( 1)
Environmental protection and safety. Products should provide users with safety during use. ( 1)
2. What is a dynamic alliance and what are the advantages of organizing a dynamic alliance? What conditions should a leading enterprise have?
A: Dynamic alliance means that when enterprises discover market opportunities, they should not try to develop new products on their own to win such opportunities.
The advantages of organizational dynamic alliance are:
(1) can quickly respond to market opportunities.
(2) Strong alliances and complementary advantages can form a high-level all-star team.
(3) Low risk and strong adaptability. (3 points)
The conditions that leading enterprises should have:
(1) has strong market research and analysis ability, and is good at discovering potential demand and capturing market opportunities.
(2) Strong ability of new product research and development.
(3) Strong market development ability. (3 points)
3. Briefly describe the meaning of net output value and its calculation method.
A: The net output value is the value newly created by the enterprise during the planning period. (3 points)
There are two ways to calculate the net output value:
The first is the method of production, that is, the balance of total industrial output value after deducting the value of all materialized labor. (2 points)
The second is the distribution method, which directly adds all the elements that constitute the net output value from the perspective of the initial distribution of national income.
4. Explain the relationship between the production strategy and the company's business strategy.
A: Production strategy is the guiding principle that an enterprise follows when building its production system according to the selected target market and product characteristics, and a series of decision-making rules formulated under this guiding principle. Production strategy is an important part of an enterprise's overall business strategy. The business strategy of large enterprises can generally be divided into three levels: company-level business strategy, business-level business strategy and pure business-level business strategy. The production policy belongs to a unique level policy. (3 points)
Schematic diagram is as follows: (4 points
5. Briefly describe the level and specific content of enterprise planning system.
A: Generally speaking, various plans of enterprises can be divided into three levels: strategic level, tactical level and operational level. ( 1)
(1) Strategic planning generally refers to the long-term development planning of an enterprise, involving the product development direction, enterprise development scale, technology development level, enterprise organizational development form, human resource planning, etc. Planning time span is usually 3-5 years. (2 points)
(2) Tactical plan refers to the annual comprehensive plan of the enterprise, including the business plan of the enterprise and the work plan of each functional department. Such as production planning, financial planning, etc. Its establishment is mainly based on the existing production resources of enterprises. (2 points)
(3) Operational plan. Arrangement of daily production and business activities of enterprises. Tactical plan is a programmatic plan to determine the goal. Operational planning is an execution plan under the guidance of tactical planning. (2 points)
6. Please briefly describe the three levels of production planning in MRP system.
A: MRPⅱⅱ is a highly integrated management information system based on the production outline of the enterprise's comprehensive business plan, with the production planning system as the core, including marketing, production and finance. The three levels of production planning in MRP system are: (1)
(1) master production plan. Master production plan MPS is also called product schedule. It takes the final product of the enterprise as the planning object. Making MPS is to determine the output, commissioning and production date of each product in each period in the planning period according to the requirements of production outline and specific customer orders. (2 points)
(2)MRP and CRP plan. The purpose of compiling MRP is to refine MPS into the production plan of parts and components and the procurement plan of raw materials and purchased parts. (2 points)
(3) the production progress of grass-roots units. The production schedule of grass-roots units is to further prepare the weekly schedule of parts and processes according to MRP plan, and implement the production tasks to equipment and people in turn. (2 points)
7. Briefly describe the law of equipment wear. P453
Answer: Equipment wear can be roughly divided into three stages: (1)
(1) initial wear stage. At this stage, the wear speed is fast, but the time is short. This is because when the equipment is put into use, the machined surface of the parts is unusual. When it is used, the unevenness is eliminated by teeth, rotation and friction, so it wears quickly and is easy to form cracks.
(2) Normal wear stage. At this stage, the wear is relatively stable and the growth of wear is relatively slow. At this time, the equipment enters the best technical state, and the productivity and product quality of the equipment are most guaranteed. (2 points)
(3) Severe wear stage. At this stage, the normal wear of parts is destroyed and the wear increases sharply. The performance and accuracy of the equipment are rapidly declining. If it is not repaired in time, production accidents and equipment accidents will occur. (2 points)
8. Briefly describe the specific application process of Delphi method and its advantages and disadvantages.
A: Describe the specific application process of Delphi method:
The first round is to select experts. The specific number depends on the size of the predicted topic, and the general problem is about 20 people. After the experts are selected, they can start the first round of inquiry and investigation; Feedback the survey results to experts for the second round of inquiry. (2 points)
In the second round of correspondence, experts are required to make specific predictions on the time, space and scale of various related events of the prediction object, and explain the reasons.
The third challenge is that after the experts get the comprehensive statistical report by letter again, they will evaluate the comprehensive opinions and arguments put forward by the forecasting unit, correct the original forecast value and re-predict the forecast target. (2 points)
Advantages: concise and intuitive, the prediction results have high reference value and are welcomed by planners. ( 1)
9. What economic benefits can be achieved by adopting FMS and what are the conditions for adopting FMS?
A: Economic benefits of adopting FMS:
(1) Improve the flexibility of production system and help enterprises to engage in multi-variety production.
(2) Shorten the production cycle, reduce the occupation of WIP and accelerate the capital turnover.
(3) Improve equipment utilization and accelerate investment recovery. (3 points)
Conditions for adopting FMS:
(1) objective requirements. It needs careful analysis and demonstration from the aspects of technology and output.
(2) The enterprise must have a team of employees who fully master FMS technology. (4 points)
10, briefly describe the characteristics of the production plan.
(1) content of the plan. The production of special products to meet the needs of special users needs to start with product design, so the production schedule of products should cover the whole process from product design to product payment. The general product schedule usually only includes the production process of processing and assembly. (2 points)
(2) the form of the plan. For the production of single-piece and small-batch orders, a separate product schedule should be prepared for each order and each special product to ensure the delivery time required by the contract. (2 points)
(3) The plan should be prepared in stages for many times. The product schedule plan for single piece and small batch production is not compiled at one time, but should be compiled in three stages and three times according to different purposes and requirements. These three stages are: contract negotiation stage, contract execution stage and product licensing start stage. (3 points)
1. Do users have any requirements for products? What do they mean? 6-7 pages
2. Briefly describe the types of process production, mass production, mass production and single piece and small batch production. What is the focus of management? 3 1-33 pages
3. Explain the relationship between production strategy and company management strategy. Page 36
4. What is a dynamic alliance? What are the advantages of organizing a dynamic alliance? What conditions should a leading enterprise have? 43-45 pages
On page 5.70, briefly describe the development trend of factory site selection.
6. Please compare Taylor's working style and team working style. 100 page
7. Briefly describe the development direction of modern products. 13 1 page
8. Briefly describe the meaning and main features of value analysis. 14 1- 142 pages
9. Briefly describe the level and specific content of enterprise planning system. 170- 17 1 page
10. Briefly describe the meaning of net output value and its calculation method. Page 184
1 1. Briefly describe the specific application process of Delphi method and its advantages and disadvantages. 187- 189 page
12. Briefly describe the basic ideas and main contents of just-in-time production system on page 256.
13. Please describe the operation process of FMS with a chart. Page 286
14 what economic benefits can be achieved by adopting FMS? Page 287
15. Please briefly describe the three levels of production and operation planning in MRP system. 3 1 1 page
16. Briefly describe the contents of production statistics. Page 346
17. Briefly describe the characteristics of the production plan. Page 363
18. Please describe the work flow chart of production monitoring. Page 392
19. Briefly describe the main contents of warehouse management. Page 467
20. What is inventory? What is the reason for the formation of inventory? Page 4 18
2 1. Briefly describe the double-stack method and three-stack method in quantitative ordering mode and their significance. Page 422
22. What factors should be considered when selecting equipment? Page 448
23. Briefly describe the law of equipment wear. Page 453
Four, essay questions (15 points)
(1) On the significance of value analysis in new product development.
Answer: 1, the significance of value analysis:
(1) The meaning of value: the value in value analysis refers to the evaluation scale of products or operating systems, specifically, the input-output ratio or the utility-cost ratio. Value = function F/ cost c. (2 points)
(2) Function meaning: refers to the specific use and use value of the system, which is the core content of the system essence. (2 points)
(3) The meaning of cost: refers to the whole life cycle cost of the system, including the expenses of product development, design, manufacturing, testing and sales, as well as the expenses of use, maintenance, repair, energy consumption, insurance and scrapping. (2 points)
(2) Basic principles of value analysis: (3 points)
(1) has adopted many ways to enhance the value, neither simply emphasizing the function of the product nor unilaterally demanding to reduce the cost, but devoting itself to the ratio of the two.
(2) Functional analysis is the core.
(3) Emphasize the organized use of collective wisdom.
3. Working procedure of value analysis: The whole process of value analysis is a process of finding, analyzing and solving problems. (3 points)
4. Value analysis method: (3 points)
(1) functional analysis method.
(2) creative method.
(2) Briefly describe the basic ideas and main contents of JIT production system.
Answer: The basic idea of JIT production is
(1) Eliminate all forms of waste. (3 points)
(2) Continuous improvement, continuous improvement and pursuit of perfection. (3 points)
(3) to mobilize people's enthusiasm and creativity in all management work in the first place. (3 points)
Main contents: According to the basic idea of just-in-time production system, the just-in-time production system has determined its own goals and a set of realization means. (6 points)
5. Calculation problem (1 item 8 points, 2 items 15 points)
1. The data of expenses and sales of an enterprise for customer service and product packaging improvement from 1999 to 2003 are as follows.
Relationship between customer service cost and product packaging improvement and sales.
age
1
2
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
10
Cost x
(ten thousand yuan)
70
74
80
Seventy-eight
Eighty-five
92
90
95
92
108
Annual sales y
(million yuan)
5 1
60
Sixty-eight
Seventy-eight
90
102
100
1 10
1 15
1 10
If in 2004, enterprises spent 65,438+0,654,38+0 on customer service and product packaging improvement, 400 yuan, try to forecast the sales volume in 2004 with a unitary regression model.
Customer service and improvement of packaging cost and sales forecast table
age
User service fee and packaging improvement fee X (ten thousand yuan)
Annual sales (million yuan)
X^2
Y^2
Normal male karyotype
1
70
5 1
4900
260 1
3570
2
74
60
5476
3600
4440
three
80
Sixty-eight
6400
4624
5440
four
Seventy-eight
Seventy-eight
6084
6084
6084
five
Eighty-five
90
7225
8 100
7650
six
92
102
8464
10404
9384
seven
90
100
8 100
10000
9000
eight
95
1 10
9025
12 100
10450
nine
92
1 15
8464
13225
10580
10
108
1 10
1 1664
12 100
1 1880
total
864
884
75802
82838
78478
2. The known annual demand N=3600 pieces/year, and the production replacement cost K= 100 yuan. Inventory cost H=80 yuan/piece year, productivity P= 100 pieces/day. Demand rate R= 10 pieces/day. Try to find out the economic lot size of production and its total cost.
3. The planned output of a commodity of an enterprise in September is 300 pieces, with 20 pieces at the end of the work-in-process period and 30 pieces at the beginning. The main material supply quota of this commodity is 5kg/ piece, the planned allowable rejection rate is 2%, and the supply coefficient is 0.0 1. Find out the demand for the main materials of this commodity in September.
Planned output = commodity output+(WIP at the end of the period-WIP at the beginning) =300+(20-30)=290 (pieces)
Demand = [planned output /( 1- planned allowable rejection rate) ]××× material supply quota per unit product×× (1+supply coefficient)
= [290/(1-2%) ]× 5× (1+0.01) =1494.44 (kg)
4. It is known that the daily demand of material A is R= 100 pieces/day, and the annual demand is 360 days, that is, the demand is n = 36,000 pieces/year, and the ordering cost is K=50 yuan/time; Inventory management fee H=0.4 yuan/piece. Year; Order lead time L=7 days; 300 pieces of insured inventory, calculate the economic order interval and annual total cost.
Economic order interval
economic lot size
Annual total cost
The highest inventory point e of the inventory control system shall be:
5. It is known that the price of auto parts G is 50 yuan/piece, and its inventory expense rate f=0.04 yuan/piece. Annual, order cost K= 100 yuan/time, out-of-stock loss cost j= 18 yuan/piece. The order cycle is one month, and the demand for part G has the following statistical rules:
Monthly demand
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Event probability
0.02
0.03
0.05
0. 15
0.27
0.24
0. 12
0.07
0.03
0.02
Q: The economic purchase lot size and ordering point of the inventory control system.
The average monthly demand of G is the expected value of D:
(piece)
Annual demand: N=2 10× 12=2520 (pieces/year)
Economic procurement batch: (pieces)
According to the formula, the probability of shortage can be calculated.
Taking 280 pieces at order point B can guarantee the shortage rate of 0.02. Therefore, the best order point of this inventory system is B*=280 pieces.
1 has six kinds of parts, and the process matrix is shown in the following table.
Moment matrix of working sequence
Workpiece number
1
2
three
four
five
six
Step 1 M 1
six
2
nine
four
four
five
Step 2 M2
eight
three
three
five
eight
four
Please classify according to the Johnson method.
Answer:
(1) The second and third films were selected for the first time, with No.2 ranked first and No.3 ranked last. Delete parts 2 and 3 from the original process matrix. (4 points)
New process matrix
Primitive process matrix
Workpiece number
2
three
1
four
five
six
Step 1 M 1
2
nine
six
four
four
five
Step 2 M2
three
three
eight
five
eight
four
(2) For the original process matrix, continue to step (1). No.4 and No.5, the former procedure is the smallest, and the latter procedure of No.6 workpiece is the smallest. Select two workpieces, arrange them according to the above rules, and insert a new process matrix. (4 points)
New process matrix
Primitive process matrix
Workpiece number
2
four
six
three
1
five
Step 1 M 1
2
four
five
nine
six
four
Step 2 M2
three
five
four
three
eight
eight
(3) According to the rules, No.2 comes first and No.3 comes last, and two workpieces are inserted into the new process matrix. (3 points)
New process matrix
Workpiece number
2
four
five
1
six
three
Step 1 M 1
2
four
four
six
five
nine
Step 2 M2
three
five
eight
eight
four
three
2. The planned output of a commodity of an enterprise in September is 300 pieces, with 20 pieces at the end of the work-in-process period and 30 pieces at the beginning. The main material supply quota of this commodity is 5kg/ piece, the planned allowable rejection rate is 2%, and the supply coefficient is 0.0 1. Find out the demand for the main materials of this commodity in September.
Answer:
Planned output = commodity output+(WIP at the end of the period-WIP at the beginning)
=300+(20-30)=290 pieces (5 points)
Demand = planned output /( 1- planned scrap rate) ×× material supply quota per unit product ×( 1+ supply coefficient)
= 290/(1-2%) × 5× (1+0.01) =1494.44 (kg) (6 points)
1, when Q=4 blocks, t1=15min, t2 = 5min, t3 =10min, t4 =12min, t5 = 3min, calculate the sequential motion patterns respectively.
Answer: (1) In the sequential moving mode, the processing cycle is:
= 4× (15+5+10+12+3) =180 (point) (3 points)
(2) In the parallel moving mode, the processing cycle is:
(points) (3 points)
(3) In the parallel sequential motion mode, the processing cycle is:
(points) (3 points)
As can be seen from the above, the batch waiting time is the longest and the production cycle is the longest in the sequential moving mode. (2 points)