The original Fort Boise was located 40 miles west of today's city, near the lower Boise River and the border with Oregon. This fortress was originally built by Hudson's Bay Company in1830s, but it was abandoned in1850s. Occasional massacres on the Oregon Trail forced American troops to rebuild a fort nearby during the 1863 Civil War. The new site was chosen for several reasons: firstly, it was close to the Oregon Trail, and secondly, it was close to the road leading to Boise Basin (Idaho City) and Owyhee mining area, which were booming at that time. Idaho was originally the largest city in this area, but Boise Castle, as the forefront of Idaho, developed rapidly, and then Boise City Government was established in 1864. The first state capital of Idaho was located in Lewiston, but it was moved to Boise in 1865. A large gold mine was discovered near 1863, and a residential area was built. 1864 is the state capital. In the early stage, it developed due to gold mining, and in the later stage, it developed due to the expansion of forestry and irrigated agriculture. Now it is a trade center for agricultural and livestock products. It has developed in food processing, furniture, motor and other industries. There's Boise State University.