Both cases are conservation of angular momentum. The initial angular momentum of the system composed of turntable and spider is J=I 1*w+0=wMRR/2.
1) when the spider falls on the edge, the angular velocity of the turntable becomes w', and the angular momentum of the system is j' = (I1+I2) w' = w' (m/2+m) RR. From J=J': wMRR/2=w'(M/2+m)RR, so w'=w[M/(M+2m)].
2) When the distance between the spider and the center of the turntable is r, the angular velocity of the turntable becomes w ",and the angular momentum of the system is j" = (I1+I2') w "= w" (MRR/2+MRR). From J=J ":wMRR/2=w"(MRR/2+mrr), so w"=w[M/(M+2mrr/RR)].