Fu Jiamo (150933-2016051), born in Yuanjiang, Hunan Province, is an organic geochemistry and sedimentologist, the founder of organic geochemistry in China, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and a researcher of Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Later, he served as researcher and deputy director of Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the Institute of Geochemistry, he was responsible for establishing the first advanced organic geochemical laboratory in China. In cooperation with others, we summarized 10 effective organic geochemical oil prospecting indicators. The editor-in-chief is organic geochemistry. He used to be deputy director of Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, China Academy of Sciences, director of State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, director of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection, dean of School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, and director of Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, Shanghai University.
1956 graduated from Beijing Institute of Geology. 196 1 Graduated from Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 199 1 Elected Academician of China Academy of Sciences.
In the extensive study of oil and gas prospect evaluation in eastern China and continental shelf, Fu Jiamo put forward the viewpoints of organic matter evolution and oil-forming mechanism of carbonate rocks, oil-forming in the early stage of gypsum-salt deposition, hydrocarbon-forming of immature crude oil and coal, which enriched the theory of petroleum genesis.
Chinese name: Fu Jiamo.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Shanghai
Date of birth:1May 933
Date of death: 2065 438+06 05 1 1.
Occupation: educational and scientific research worker
Graduate school: Beijing Institute of Geology
Main achievements: Enriching the theory of petroleum genesis.
199 1 Elected Academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Masterpiece: organic geochemistry
The life of the character
From 65438 to 0933, Fu Jiamo was born in Shanghai, originally from Yuanjiang, Hunan, and spent a miserable childhood in Shanghai. When I was a child, because my father's job changed frequently, Fu Jiamo changed places and schools. Moreover, he has lived in boarding schools and collective life since primary school, and he has had the opportunity to meet many tutors and benefited a lot.
In the second and third grades of junior high school, I studied in Gucun Junior High School, a middle school near Dachang, Shanghai. On the eve of liberation, anti-hunger and anti-civil war marches continued in Shanghai, and some progressive cultural figures came to this humble middle school in the outer suburbs of Shanghai in order to escape the persecution of the Kuomintang. Therefore, the school has a group of ambitious and knowledgeable outstanding young teachers, including professionals in Chinese, mathematics and art. I remember that an art teacher was a young woodcut artist who grew up under the advocacy and training of Mr. Lu Xun in his later years. He came to the school to teach creative writing and held a small woodcut exhibition.
1949, Shanghai was liberated. When Fu Jiamo entered the second year of high school, his father was hospitalized twice for stomach trouble. At that time, stomach surgery was a major operation, which was more dangerous. Once he lost his father, leaving only him and his sister at home. His family is unimaginable. He was very scared. Just in case, Fu Jiamo transferred to an evening school in Shanghai, hoping to get familiar with the society and learn some skills. This middle school is attached to Huxi Middle School. Classes begin at 7 o'clock every night and end at midnight 12. The teachers in the middle of the night are not too strong, but they are all serious and hardworking. It is not easy for Fu Jiamo to meet a group of senior students from poor families in this school. They look for jobs during the day (textile workers, pedaling tricycles, shining shoes, selling vegetables, doing odd jobs in the vegetable market, etc.). ) I have to go to night school at night. Because learning opportunities are hard-won, everyone cherishes them, is conscious and diligent. Under the influence of my seniors, I naturally learned how to cherish time, study hard and work hard.
I remember that there were two or three students with similar family circumstances to Fu Jiamo, so everyone organized their study automatically, made full use of the homework assigned by the teacher during the day, put forward higher requirements, and devoted themselves to their studies to prepare for finding a job. For example, if they like math, they will spend more time looking up various reference books and doing exercises. At the same time, everyone loves literature, so they often go to the city or district library in a planned way to read the masterpieces of the world's literary masters, or according to the Russian literature outline, start with the earliest Prince Igor, read one by one, take notes and discuss it seriously. In short, in the face of adversity, Fu Jiamo's poverty and hardship did not make him hesitate and depressed. Instead, he exercised his strong will and taught him to fight hard and pay attention to real life.
Graduated from Beijing Institute of Geology from 65438 to 0956. 65438-0957 was admitted to Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences to study for a master's degree, and studied under Academician Ye Lianjun. The research area of Fu Jiamo's master thesis is located in the mountainous area of western Hubei, with many mountains, steep rocks and deep valleys, and dangerous conditions. Fu Jiamo just took a migrant worker running in the wild, collecting specimens, observing various geological phenomena and measurement data, and diligently investigating, leaving early and returning late every day, tirelessly; After returning to the institute, all the experiments were measured by hand, and the papers were written according to the teacher's guidance, meticulous and never sloppy.
196 1 year, graduated from Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1966, the first organic geochemical laboratory (now the state key laboratory) in China was established. 1966 Director, Research Office of Organic Geochemistry and Sedimentology, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1985, director of the open research laboratory of organic geochemistry, China Academy of Sciences.
1988, deputy director of Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1989 is a national advanced worker.
199 1 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
1993 Guangdong provincial key laboratory for utilization and protection of environmental resources was established, focusing on biogeochemistry and regulation of toxic organic substances in the environment, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine disruptors (Eds). The main contents of the study include detection technology and content distribution of toxic organic compounds in air, water, sediment/soil and organisms, pollution source analysis, existing state, interface effect and regional/global migration, biological/abiotic degradation mechanism and environmental treatment/restoration technology. Responsible for and successfully completed a number of national key projects, major projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and major research projects of the National Natural Science Foundation. He has published nearly 200 papers, 5 monographs and translated 1 article. The research results won 6 national awards and 9 ministerial awards/kloc-0. Since 1986, the dust and aerosol in the air in Beijing, Guiyang and Guangzhou and the organic pollutants in the water in the Pearl River Delta have been deeply studied, and the advanced treatment process of direct drinking water with the brand of "water cup" has been developed.
Major achievements
achievements in scientific research
The generation and evolution theory and evaluation index method of marine carbonate oil and gas are systematically summarized. Enriched and developed the theory of continental oil generation, and found more than 20 new biomarkers such as staphylococcin (alkene) and sulfur-containing organic compounds in continental sediments and crude oil in China for the first time.
From 65438 to 0956, after graduating from Huangpu Phase I of Beijing Institute of Geology, he worked in geological research for 45 years. He is in his prime and has no ambition, but now he is a dusty and accomplished scientist. Fu Jiamo devoted himself to the geological cause he loved and had no regrets all his life.
In his early years, he was engaged in the geological research of sedimentary iron ore and uranium ore and underground nuclear test, and his basic theory and geological work were solid. He has continuously explored new fields of organic geochemistry and made outstanding contributions to the development of China's energy genesis theory and guiding exploration and development.
Aim at the frontier and establish an organic geochemical laboratory
Organic geochemistry has gone through more than 60 years since A.Treibs discovered porphyrin compounds in crude oil. It is a subject that studies the distribution, composition, migration and enrichment of organic matter on the earth's surface. Driven by the oil and gas industry, oil and gas geochemistry has become one of the three pillar disciplines of oil and gas exploration. 1966, the Ministry of Petroleum, the Ministry of Geology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly issued the task of Southwest Petroleum Congress. Under the advocacy and leadership of Fu Jiamo, the scientific research on organic geochemistry with petroleum as the main task was started. After three years of hard exploration, 1969 has built the first advanced organic geochemical laboratory with a certain scale in China, which has filled the gaps in domestic disciplines and promoted the development of organic geochemistry and petroleum geochemistry in China. Our laboratory was approved by China Academy of Sciences in 1985 as the first batch of open laboratories to carry out open research at home and abroad. 1In June 1986, Professor P.A. Schenk, President of the European Society of Organic Geochemistry, visited China and praised China for reaching the world advanced level in some important fields of organic geochemistry. In the past three years, Chinese and foreign scholars have been organized to complete 32 high-level research results in theory and production. Due to outstanding research results and abundant talents, the laboratory ranked first in the evaluation of open laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1988. 1989 was approved by the state planning commission as a national key laboratory after appraisal, and the laboratory was completed and accepted in 1992. 1993 presided over the establishment of "Guangdong provincial key laboratory for the utilization and protection of environmental resources", and combined with the urgent needs of Guangdong's economic development, carried out environmental organic geochemical research focusing on the study of organic pollutants in the environment, ranking first in the evaluation of 28 provincial key laboratories in Guangdong Province in 2000. In the past ten years, with the strong support of the state, we have established a technical support system, trained a young, high-level, capable, efficient and strong scientific and technological innovation team, trained postdoctoral 10 people, 22 doctors and 24 masters, independently undertaken a number of national key projects and won many awards. The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, headed by Academician Fu Jiamo and Researcher Peng Ping 'an, has now entered the ranks of intellectuals in Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Pioneering and innovating, a new theory of oil generation evaluation of carbonate rocks in China is put forward.
Fu Jiamo believes that in the Southwest Conference War, as a research unit of the Academy of Sciences, the key is to make a new breakthrough in the theory of petroleum genesis and establish a set of sound and effective new methods and indicators for oil and gas exploration in China, especially for carbonate strata exploration.
At that time, the international political environment forced China to start the construction of the third southwest line in a hurry, and the country had high hopes for southwest oil exploration. In the world, many large oil and gas fields are mined in carbonate formations. Although carbonate rocks are widely distributed in southern China, due to the long geological age and high evolution degree, Sichuan only obtains industrial gas reservoirs and a small amount of condensate oil reservoirs.
From 1970 to 1972, Fu Jiamo and Wang Benshan participated in the Southwest Petroleum Geology Comprehensive Research Brigade, which consists of two departments and one hospital (Ministry of Petroleum, Ministry of Geology and Chinese Academy of Sciences). They are anxious for the country and actively carry out the research on "Petroleum Geochemistry of Marine Carbonate Rocks in Southwest China".
During the period of 1975, Fu Jiamo put forward the evolution model of oil generation for the first time in line with China's actual situation, put forward the exploration policy of "natural gas exploration in the south is the main one, supplemented by oil exploration", further put forward the "theory and method of oil generation evaluation of carbonate rocks", and established a new organic geochemical method and index of 10. After more than 20 years of production practice, the controversial conclusions of that year have proved that this theory is correct and widely accepted by production departments. Therefore, the expansion and deepening of human practical activities will always lead to the development and innovation of theory. Accordingly, the research achievement of "Petroleum Geochemistry and Organic Geochemistry Index of Marine Carbonate Strata in Southwest China" won the China Science Conference Award and Academy Award in 1978, and was reported in 1980 American Symposium on Petroleum Geochemistry and Oil Generation Potential, and published in the special issue of 1985 AAPG. Another achievement, "New Indicators, New Methods and Applications of Organic Geochemistry in Oil and Gas Exploration", won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award 1985. During the Sixth Five-Year Plan period, Fu Jiamo, Jia Rongfen, Liu, etc. The carbonate strata in Yangtze Paleozoic, North China Paleozoic, Southwest China and North Jiangsu are systematically evaluated for oil generation and oil and gas. Through simulation experiments, a complete set of oil and gas evaluation indexes is established, three forms of dispersed organic matter in carbonate rocks are discussed for the first time, the crystallization, catalysis and protection of organic matter by carbonate minerals are put forward, and the significance and examples of inclusion and solid asphalt in oil and gas evaluation are summarized. This study reveals the internal relationship between the genesis of oil and gas and the genesis of metal deposits, and lays a theoretical foundation for oil and gas exploration of marine carbonate rocks in China. It is regarded as an example of applying basic research to guide production and serve the national economy, and is highly praised by experts in the same field.
Completed two United Nations-funded projects with high quality, high efficiency and excellence.
Because of its outstanding achievements in oil and gas geochemistry, the laboratory has been awarded two funded projects by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)-UNDP cardiopulmonary resuscitation /80/037,1980-1981; 84/005, 1985— 1987。 Fu Jiamo is the national project director of the second phase project. Under his personal leadership, he personally presided over two United Nations-funded projects, established an organic geochemical experiment center, and achieved the expected goals stipulated in the project documents with high quality. He was commended by the United Nations Development Programme and the Paris headquarters of UNESCO, and praised the project as one of the best among more than 600 United Nations-funded projects in China.
Pay attention to application and put forward a new model of "coal to gas and coal to oil"
Adhering to the integration of theory with practice, starting with basic research, especially paying attention to basic research with application prospects, and serving the exploration and development of energy resources in China is the consistent guiding ideology of Fu Jiamo's research on organic geochemistry. From 1982, according to the task assigned by the State Planning Commission, he and Lanzhou Institute of Geology and other units accepted the national key research topic-the study of coal-formed gas. It was not until the discovery of Groningen super-large gas field in the Netherlands that natural gas was produced in coal measures strata and gathered into large gas fields, which attracted widespread attention. The research work in this field started late in the world and even later in China. China is rich in coal resources. From the analysis of geological history, there may be a large number of coal-formed gas reservoirs. The key is to understand its formation mechanism and distribution law. Fu Jiamo and Liu Hesheng put forward that coal is not only the source rock of natural gas, but also the source rock of crude oil through a lot of research on coal-formed gas and coal-formed oil and simulation experiments of various coal and rock components. It is also found that the coal and rock components with the greatest oil generation potential are also the components with the greatest natural gas generation potential. The above research results break the traditional idea that kerogen from higher plants can only generate natural gas, and thus put forward the "genetic model and evaluation method of coal-derived gas and coal-derived oil", which provides a new theoretical basis for the development and research of coal-derived hydrocarbon in China. They also summarized the calculation method of domestic gas rate and resources and the evaluation index of coal-derived hydrocarbon performance, put forward suggestions for finding coal-derived oil and gas in Su Qiao, provided the research results to Zhongyuan Oilfield, Huabei Oilfield, Daqing Oilfield, Xinjiang, Guizhou and other relevant units in time, wrote a paper 14, and edited and published the first geochemical monograph on coal-derived hydrocarbon in China. From 65438 to 0987, Fu Jiamo, as the main person in charge of the "China Coal to Gas Development" project, won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress.
Strive to explore and promote the new development of oil and gas geochemistry in China
In the field of petroleum resources urgently needed by the country, the discipline group led by Fu Jiamo took the initiative to challenge and actively undertake scientific research tasks such as the origin and evaluation of oil and gas, and successively undertook the oil and gas exploration campaign of marine carbonate strata in southwest China, the development of coal-formed gas in China during the Sixth Five-Year Plan and the national key tasks such as natural gas and oil and gas in Tarim Basin during the Seventh Five-Year Plan and the Eighth Five-Year Plan, the most important and significant project of China Academy of Sciences, the national natural science foundation project, and a large number of research tasks entrusted by China Academy of Sciences and oil fields. He also served as a consultant for Daqing, North China, Jianghan and other oil fields. He completed a large number of scientific research tasks to exercise the team and show his advantages, and was commended by the state, departments and oilfield units.
From 65438 to 0986, according to the spirit of reform and opening up, Fu Jiamo proposed to strengthen horizontal ties, give full play to advantages and promote technology transfer. Subsequently, the South China Sea Geochemical Research and Analysis Company was jointly established by the organization laboratory and Southeast China Sea Petroleum Company, and accepted the anti-contracting task of foreign oil companies with advanced experimental technology and oil and gas genesis theory with China characteristics. It has successively undertaken drilling sample analysis, single well evaluation and regional comprehensive evaluation of foreign oil companies such as Philips and JHN, and won the bid in the counter-contracting of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and Hainan Island in the South China Sea, winning international reputation and earning foreign exchange with high technology, high quality and excellent service.
Climb tenaciously and open up a new field of organic geochemistry research
Academician Fu Jiamo has always been aiming at the frontier of the discipline, pioneering and innovating, constantly climbing, and striving to make China's organic geochemical research, especially the research and application of biomarkers, reach the international level. He stressed that on the one hand, it is necessary to continuously expand foreign cooperation and exchanges and occupy a place in the world; On the other hand, we should broaden our horizons and actively serve the national economy. Insist on walking on two legs, so that the study of organic geochemistry will continue to deepen and keep youthful vitality forever. While carrying out organic geochemistry with oil and coal as the key research objects, we actively developed new branches of disciplines, and successively proposed and organized forces to carry out new fields and new growth points such as metal organic geochemistry, environmental organic geochemistry related to energy pollution, and environmental protection research. He discovered a large number of new biomarkers in geological bodies and applied them to oil and gas exploration.
Starting from 1979, Fu Jiamo, Sheng, Shi Jiyang, Peng Pinghe cooperated with the Organic Geochemical Laboratory of Bristol University in the UK to study biomarkers. After more than ten years of unremitting efforts, more than 20 new sulfur-containing biomarkers have been found in Maoming oil shale in China, and it has been confirmed that high-sulfur immature crude oil comes from immature oil source rocks above the oil source threshold. This cooperative research is considered as the best joint research project of China Academy of Sciences and Royal Society, and it has also been highly valued by foreign counterparts, and its research results have reached the advanced level in the world. 1987 March 19 was selected as one of the five important achievements by the Royal Society and displayed to Queen Elizabeth and government officials, which was highly appreciated. This research achievement won the third prize of National Natural Science Award 1989.
1986 won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress.
Representative works include organic geochemistry, carbonate organic geochemistry, coal hydrocarbon geochemistry, kerogen geochemistry and so on.
Honor recognition
199 1 Elected Academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Academic exchange
Fu Jiamo has been to Albania, Britain, Norway, the United States, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Japan, Australia and other countries to participate in cooperative research, international conferences and lectures, and has established fruitful cooperative relations with foreign counterparts.
1July, 1989, at the invitation of Professor Leythaeuser, a famous German organic geochemist, he participated in the 28th World Geological Congress held in Washington, USA. As a representative of Asia, he was invited to give the same lecture at the academic conference of Petroleum Geochemistry twice, which is rare in international academic conferences and won honors for China and even Asia.
social service
He used to be deputy director of Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, China Academy of Sciences, director of State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, director of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection, dean of School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, and director of Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, Shanghai University.
Personality assessment
For the colleagues and students of Academician Fu Jiamo, what impressed him most was his persistent pursuit, innovative perseverance, profound knowledge and modest, earnest and responsible scholar style.