Madagascar for short. The country name is interpreted as "Madagascar's country"; It is also called "the kingdom of cattle" and "the hometown of Huanila". At the end of June 5438 +2009 10, the contradiction between the ruling and opposition parties in Malaysia intensified, and serious riots and bloody conflicts occurred in the capital and other places. 17 In March, President Ravalomanana was forced to hand over power and go into exile under the pressure of some mutinous troops, and the opposition leader and former capital mayor La Ciolina declared himself president. The African Union and Yugoslavia suspended Malaysia's membership, while the United States, France and the European Union condemned La Ciolina's unconstitutional seizure of power. On April 30th, the AU set up an international contact group to take the lead in solving the political crisis in Malaysia. With the mediation of the African Union and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, since August, various political factions in Malaysia have signed the Maputo Agreement and its supplementary documents after several rounds of peace talks, and reached an agreement on the main arrangements for the transition period. However, since then, La Ciolina unilaterally announced the early holding of legislative elections, and the Malaysian political reconciliation process has reached a deadlock.
20 10 in March, the au announced the imposition of sanctions on la Ciolina and his main supporters. In April, La Ciolina held a new round of negotiations with former President Ravalomanana and other factions in Pretoria, but it ended without results. 165438+ 10 In October, the La Ciolina regime unilaterally held a referendum on constitutional amendment and announced the establishment of the Fourth Republic, which was resisted by other factions.
20 1 1 In March, more than 100 political parties and groups, including the Rajoelina faction, signed the road map for resolving the crisis proposed by the Southern Communist Party. Three former Malaysian presidents disagreed with the contents of the road map. In June, SADC held a special summit in Thornton, South Africa, to discuss the SADC road map and decided to increase the content of allowing overseas exiles such as Ravalomanana to return to China. In July, the African Union and the Security Council met to consider the road map of the Southern African Republic and decided to support the relevant resolutions of the Thornton Conference in the Southern African Republic. Since September, under the mediation of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, except former President ratsiraka, major political factions in Malaysia have successively signed the road map and its implementation framework for resolving the Malaysian crisis. 1 1 In June, the transitional government of Ma Xin was proclaimed; In February 65438, the Transitional Congress and the Supreme Council were proclaimed.
In March 1965, the Transitional Independent Electoral Commission was established. In August, Ma announced that presidential and parliamentary elections would be held in May and July of 20 13 respectively. In February 65438, South African institutions held a special summit in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The meeting reiterated that Ravalomanana should return to China unconditionally, and suggested that Rajoelina and Ravalomanana should not participate in the presidential election. Since then, Ravalomanana and La Ciolina have announced their renunciation of running for the presidency.
20 13 February, Malaysia announced that the presidential and parliamentary elections were postponed to July and September of that year respectively. The Transitional Government was established on 20111121,with a total of 32 members.
Jean Omar Omer Beriziky, Prime Minister and Head of Government,
Hajo Heri Velona Andrianainarivelo, Deputy Prime Minister in charge of development and territorial improvement.
Pierrot Botoza, Deputy Prime Minister in charge of economic and industrial affairs.
Pierrot Rajaonarivelo, foreign minister.
Roland Lavatomanga, Minister of Agriculture.
Olga Ramallah Sen, Minister of Commerce.
Harry Laurent Lahajsen, Minister of Information.
Elia Ravelomanantsoa, Minister of Culture and Heritage (female).
Rufina Tsiranana, Minister of Decentralization (female, Lu Fen Tsiranana).
Julien Reboza, Minister of Water Affairs.
Minister of National Education Régis Manoro.
Minister of Animal Husbandry, Ihanta Randriamandranto (female).
Nestor Razafindroariaka, Minister of Energy.
Etienne Eliel Razafindehibe, Minister of Higher Education.
Jean Andre Ndremanjary, Minister of Technical Education and Vocational Training.
Finance Minister hery rajaonarimampianina.
Tabera Randriamanantsoa, Minister of Public Service.
Lv Xian Lakoto Ali Masi, Minister of Armed Forces.
Bernard Marcel, Minister of Oil.
Christine Razanamahasoa, Minister of Justice. There are the Supreme Court, the Supreme Judicial Court and the High Constitutional Court. The Supreme Court includes the Court of Final Appeal, the Council of State and the Court of Audit. The President and the Minister of Justice are the heads of the Supreme Court.
20 13 current chief dean Charles Rabétokotany and attorney general edson Berteli Sarama. The Supreme Judicial Court consists of the President of the Supreme Court, two presidents of the Court of Final Appeal, two presidents of the Court of Appeal, two members of the National Assembly and two senators. The High Constitutional Court consists of nine members with a non-renewable term of seven years. Three of them are appointed by the President, two by the National Assembly, two by the Senate and two by the Supreme Judicial Council. The President appoints the President, and the current President is Jean Michel Rajananarivoni. By the end of 20 13, there were 286 political parties in Malaysia. The main political parties are as follows.
(1) "Tiako I Madagaskala", former ruling party. The "I Love Madagascar Association" founded by Ravalomanana played an important role in the presidential election in Latin America. After taking office as president, Lula transformed it into a political party in July 2002. From June 5438 to February 2004, the party held its first national congress in Antananarivo, adopted the new party constitution Peace Party Program, and elected the party chairman and 10 member of the Political Bureau. On May 26th, 2008, the Communist Party of China (CPC) held its second Party Congress and elected a new Politburo member. The chairman is Yvan RANDRIASANDRATRINIONY, and the general secretary is Ivohasina RAZAFIMAHEFA.
(2) Asavita Noifampitsarana (19971.28) was established on1October 28th. It was established on the basis of the election committees established spontaneously in various places to support presidential candidate Norbert Ratsirahonana during the presidential election at the end of 1.996. It advocates the establishment of a country ruled by law and is committed to the normalization of national political life and the establishment of a normal social and economic order. Support Ravalomanana to participate in the presidential election at the end of 20001. Won 8 seats in the National Assembly in the legislative election on February 5-5, 2002; In the municipal election of June 5438+065438+ 10, 2003, it became the political party that won the most seats after the "I love Madagascar Party" and independents. Chairman Ratsirahonana.
(3) Alliance for Social Democracy, formerly known as Social Democratic Party, was founded by former President Chilanana. 1992, the Social Democratic Party split, and the faction headed by Mason ewald established a new party "Social Democratic Alliance". The party joined the ruling coalition of former President ratsiraka from 65438 to 0998, and withdrew at the end of 2000 because its general secretary JeanEugèneVONINAHITSY was imprisoned by the authorities. Support Ravalomanana to participate in the presidential election at the end of 20001. In the legislative elections at the end of 2002, there were serious differences between Evarist and Vunashi on issues such as supporting the current regime. One group led by Egypt campaigned jointly with the "I Love Madagascar Party" and public evaluation agencies to form a national unity alliance, while the other group was led by Wu Ran in the name of social democratic alliance. In September 2003, Wu established the New Party and the New Social Democratic Alliance. The current chairman of the Social Democratic Union is Evarist.
(4) The Parti Militaripour le Development de Madagascar, a humble political party, was founded in 1972 and once advocated socialism. 1990 comprehensively adjust the party program, abandon socialism, advocate respect for human rights and individual freedoms, and implement a truly free economy, and change it to its current name. After Ravalomanana handed over power, President Manandafy Rakotonirina appointed him as Prime Minister, formed a new government, and was expelled by La Ciolina.
5. The New Social Democratic Alliance (RPSDVAOVAO), a new party separated from the Social Democratic Alliance in September 2003. The party believes that the Ravalomanana government has made no achievements in extricating the country from its predicament, advocates the establishment of a transitional government, the adoption of a new constitution and a new election law, and demands that Ravalomanana accept its three propositions: respect for regional balance, commitment to national reconciliation, and holding a referendum on whether to allow foreigners to buy land in Malaysia. Wu Yinasich, the current chairman, and FAHARORATSIMBALSON, the general secretary.
[6] Madagascar Renaissance Action, formerly known as Madagascar Revolutionary Pioneer Party. Ratsiraka was established when he first came to power. In March, 1976 was established, and in March, 1994 was renamed as its current name. Advocate the establishment of socialism in Malaysia. Ratsiraka served as the party's general secretary until1February 1997, and resigned after taking office. 19971/kloc-0 held the first national congress in October, elected a new general secretary, and decided that the party should take promoting democracy and developing a free economy as its purpose and no longer advocate socialism. After ratsiraka lost the presidential election in February, 2006, there was a serious division within the Party. General Secretary pierrot Rajanana Rivello. Eli Mashal Rajaonary Mamam Pianina: 1958 165438+ was born in 10. He received a master's degree in economics from the University of Madagascar and a doctorate in accounting from the University of Quebec, Canada. He has been engaged in accounting and economics teaching for a long time and founded an accounting firm. Since 2009, he has served as Minister of Finance and Budget of La Ciolina Transitional Government, Chairman of the Board of Directors of air madagascar and Vice Chairman of Malaysian Supreme Council of Accountants. In 20 13, he participated in the presidential election in June 5438+00, won the second round election in June 5438+02 with 53.49% of the votes, and was elected as the first president of the Fourth Republic. 20 14 1.25 was sworn in.
Kulu Roche Laurent Christopher:1943 was born in September. 1977 graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo University, and 1982 obtained the diploma from Geneva Medical University. Later, he practiced medicine in Europe for a long time, founded two private radiological imaging centers in Switzerland, and was a member of the French Radiological Society and the Swiss Radiological Society. In 20 13, he signed up as an independent candidate to run for the presidency, and later nominated the current President Eli as a substitute candidate with others to support Eli in the presidential election. 2065438+became prime minister in April 2004.