How to understand the hierarchical information of a university, we take Zhejiang University as an example.
Baidu Encyclopedia introduces Zhejiang University: Zhejiang University, referred to as "Zhejiang University", is a comprehensive national key university directly under the Ministry of Education of China. The central government is directly in charge of the deputy ministerial system, ranking among the first batch of "world-class universities and disciplines", "2 1 1 project" and "985 project". Nine Schools Alliance (C9) was selected as "Everest Plan", "Strong Foundation Plan", "20 1 1 Plan" and "11Plan" ...
In this article, we can see several information labels about a university.
"Directly under the Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC)" refers to the competent department of this university. Although Zhejiang University is located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, its competent departments are the Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC) and People's Republic of China (PRC), so Zhejiang University is what we usually call a "university directly under the central government".
"Comprehensive" refers to the subject teaching scope of colleges and universities, and "National Key University" is a title in history and a national key university. There are other titles now.
"World-class universities and disciplines", "Project 2 1 1", "Project 985", "C9 Alliance", "Everest Plan" and "Strong Foundation Plan" are all classification methods of domestic high-level universities, which we will focus on in the next tweet.
According to the different departments in charge, we can divide universities into: universities deployed by the central government, provincial undergraduate universities, universities jointly established by ministries and commissions and provinces, and universities jointly established by provincial departments.
Institutions of higher learning deployed by the central government are a group of institutions of higher learning managed by various departments and their directly affiliated institutions in People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council. These colleges and universities are also the main force to transport high-tech talents for the country, and also the pioneers and leaders of China's educational reform exploration, shouldering the heavy responsibility of high-level talent transportation and high-level talent construction in China.
Local colleges and universities, also known as provincial colleges and universities, rely on local finance to provide funds and local administrative departments to allocate funds for construction. Most universities are built by local governments, which are also the main force of China University and the place where most people realize their university dreams.
In order to make local colleges and universities develop better, and also to balance the educational resources and personnel training in various regions. The Ministry of Education and relevant departments also cooperate with local administrative departments to provide resources and construction support to some universities in the region, so as to enhance the comprehensive strength of Chinese universities, so there are universities jointly built by ministries and provinces and universities jointly built by provinces.
Universities jointly established by the Ministry of Education and the local provincial people's governments are also called universities jointly established by the Ministry of Education of China. In areas where there are no universities directly under the Ministry of Education, we should support the construction of universities in accordance with the principle of "one province, one school". Although these universities are not centrally distributed, they also enjoy the support of university construction like those with centralized distribution.
It is quite special for provinces and departments to jointly build colleges and universities. Among them, there are "universities deployed by the central government", "universities jointly established by ministries and provinces", "provincial undergraduate colleges" or higher vocational colleges, which refer to universities established by relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council (Ministry of Education and other national ministries and commissions) and relevant provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions. Its main purpose is to unite ministries, industry departments, local governments and universities to strengthen construction and enhance the comprehensive strength of universities.
To sum up, the competent department of a university is closely related to the resources enjoyed by the university: the central government deploys universities to obtain more resources, but shoulders greater responsibilities; It is one of the strategies to support and promote the development of higher education in the central and western regions of China to jointly build colleges and universities. Although the geographical advantage is small, the teaching resources and quality are also good. Provincial departments have given more diversified support to the construction of colleges and universities; Relatively speaking, purely provincial undergraduate colleges are relatively weak in the resources of university construction.
The classification of the nature of running a school is the property ownership of schools in China's education system. According to the nature of running a school, we can divide universities into public, private, independent colleges and Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools.
Public institutions of higher learning refer to institutions of higher learning organized by state government departments to carry out educational and teaching activities. The school's funds basically come from the government's financial allocation. Private colleges and universities refer to colleges and universities run by enterprises, institutions, social organizations and individual citizens with non-state financial education funds.
Independent colleges refer to institutions of higher learning that cooperate with social organizations and individuals outside state institutions and use non-state financial education funds. This kind of school enjoys certain resources provided by public universities, but because it is a school set up by non-state financial education funds, the tuition fee is equivalent to that of private schools. However, there are various problems in the construction of independent colleges. In order to improve the quality of running colleges and universities, on May 18, 2020, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued a document to speed up the establishment of independent colleges, demanding that independent colleges be transformed into private colleges, public colleges or terminated.
Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools refer to educational institutions jointly organized by foreign educational institutions and China educational institutions in China, with China citizens as the main enrollment targets. This paper mainly folds an institution with independent legal personality, namely an independent university. For example, unnc in Zhejiang, Ken University in Wenzhou and Duke University in Kunshan, Jiangsu. Are independent Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools.
In addition, with the reform and construction of China's higher education system, a new type of running a school has emerged: public fees. Take Zhejiang Wanli University as an example, which is headed by Zhejiang Provincial People's Government and undertaken by Zhejiang Wan Li Education Group. It is a public university, but because it is organized by enterprises and institutions-Zhejiang Wan Li Education Group enjoys certain autonomy in charging, and the tuition fee is higher than that of ordinary public universities.
In fact, the nature of running a school has a lot to do with our tuition. Different schools have different properties, different property ownership and different sources of funds. If there is a special financial allocation, the funds are sufficient and the tuition fees are low. If there is no special financial allocation, the source of funds needs to make up the tuition fees.
-Admission scores/batch classification-Some friends may be confused when they see this. What do we often say about "one book", "two books" and "three books"? In fact, after the reform of the new college entrance examination in Zhejiang Province, there are no so-called "one book", "two books" and "three books".
20 17 before the reform of the new college entrance examination, Zhejiang college entrance examination volunteers were filled in in batches, the first batch of candidates filled in the first batch of undergraduate volunteers, the second batch of candidates filled in the second batch of undergraduate volunteers, the third batch of candidates filled in the third batch of undergraduate volunteers, and the last batch filled in the specialist volunteers. For convenience, we simplify it to "one", "two" and "three".
However, after the 20 17 new college entrance examination reform, Zhejiang college entrance examination volunteers are no longer divided into two levels, only one line and two lines, and candidates fill in the form in three paragraphs. The first batch of candidates (on the first line) can choose all the colleges and universities enrolled in Zhejiang Province, the second batch of candidates (on the second line) can choose all the remaining colleges and universities that are not fully enrolled, and the third batch of candidates (below the second line) can also do so.
In 2020, the way of volunteering for the college entrance examination was innovated again. Candidates are only divided into two sections according to one section. In addition, a special type of registration control line is designated to serve the existing special type of registration.
So remember, there are no so-called one, two or three colleges in Zhejiang Province, and candidates just volunteer to fill in the form in two batches. Don't be confused with the declaration rules of other provinces.