Practice low-carbon economy and advocate environmental protection. Preventing and controlling air pollution is a huge systematic project, which requires the joint efforts of individuals, collectives, countries and even countries all over the world. The following measures can be considered: 1, reducing pollutant emissions. Reforming the energy structure, using pollution-free energy (such as solar energy, wind energy and hydropower) and low-pollution energy (such as natural gas), pretreating fuel (such as desulfurization before burning coal) and improving combustion technology can reduce pollution emissions. In addition, before pollutants enter the atmosphere, some pollutants in waste gas can be eliminated by dust removal and smoke elimination technology, condensation technology, liquid absorption technology and recycling technology, so as to reduce the amount of pollutants entering the atmosphere. 2, control emissions, make full use of the self-purification ability of the atmosphere. Different meteorological conditions have different atmospheric capacity of pollutants, and the same pollutant discharge will cause different pollutant concentrations. For areas and time periods with strong wind, good ventilation, strong turbulence and strong convection, the atmosphere has strong diffusion and dilution ability and can accept more activities of factories and mines. In the area and time period of inversion, the diffusion and dilution ability of the atmosphere is weak, and it cannot accept more pollutants, otherwise it will cause serious air pollution. Therefore, effective emission control should be carried out in different regions and different time periods. 3, site selection, chimney design, urban and industrial planning should be reasonable, do not over-concentrate large emitters, do not cause repeated pollution, and form serious local pollution incidents. 4, afforestation, make plants absorb pollutants, reduce the degree of air pollution. 5. Little things around you. Even the trivial matter of throwing confetti can't be ignored. After all, a perfect city will not tolerate this. 1. General measures 1 It is forbidden to discharge oil, acid, lye or highly toxic waste liquid into water. It is forbidden to clean vehicles and containers that have stored oil or toxic pollutants in water. It is forbidden to discharge or dump radioactive solid waste or waste water containing highly radioactive and moderately radioactive substances into water bodies. The discharge of waste water containing low-level radioactive substances into water bodies shall conform to the national regulations and standards for the prevention and control of radioactive pollution. When discharging hot waste water into a water body, measures should be taken to ensure that the water temperature of the water body meets the water environment quality standard. Sewage containing pathogens should be disinfected; It can be discharged only after it meets the relevant national standards. It is forbidden to discharge or dump industrial waste residue, urban garbage and other wastes into water bodies. It is forbidden to discharge, dump or directly bury soluble toxic waste residues containing mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, lead, cyanide and yellow phosphorus into water bodies. Places where soluble toxic waste residue is stored shall adopt waterproof, anti-leakage and anti-loss measures. It is forbidden to pile up and store solid wastes and other pollutants on beaches and bank slopes below the highest water level of rivers, lakes, canals, canals and reservoirs. It is forbidden to use seepage wells, pits, cracks and caves to discharge or dump wastewater containing toxic pollutants, sewage containing pathogens and other wastes. It is forbidden to transport or store wastewater containing toxic pollutants, sewage containing pathogens and other wastes in ditches and pits without anti-leakage measures. 9 when the water quality of multi-layer groundwater aquifer is quite different, it should be mined in layers; Contaminated diving and confined water shall not be mixed. 10 when building underground engineering facilities or conducting underground exploration and mining activities, protective measures should be taken to prevent groundwater pollution. 1 1 Artificial recharge of groundwater shall not deteriorate groundwater quality. Two. Prevention and control of industrial water pollution 1 Relevant departments of the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall rationally plan the industrial layout, require enterprises that cause water pollution to carry out technological transformation, and take comprehensive prevention and control measures to improve the reuse rate of water and reduce the discharge of wastewater and pollutants. The state implements the elimination system for backward technologies and equipment that seriously pollute the water environment. The comprehensive macro-control department of the State Council, together with the relevant departments of the State Council, announced the list of technologies and equipment that seriously pollute the water environment and whose production, sale, import and use are prohibited within a time limit. Producers, sellers, importers or users shall stop producing, selling, importing or using the equipment listed in the equipment list specified in the preceding paragraph within the prescribed time limit. The process adopter shall stop using the process listed in the process list specified in the preceding paragraph within the prescribed time limit. Equipment eliminated in accordance with the provisions of the second and third paragraphs of this article shall not be transferred to others for use. The state prohibits the construction of small-scale production projects that seriously pollute the water environment, such as papermaking, tanning, printing and dyeing, dyes, coking, sulfur smelting, arsenic smelting, mercury smelting, oil refining, electroplating, pesticides, asbestos, cement, glass, steel and thermal power. Enterprises should adopt clean processes with high utilization efficiency of raw materials and less pollutant discharge, and strengthen management to reduce the generation of water pollutants. Three, the prevention and control of urban water pollution 1 urban sewage should be centralized treatment. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall raise funds through financial budget and other channels, make overall arrangements for the construction of centralized urban sewage treatment facilities and supporting pipe networks, and improve the collection rate and treatment rate of urban sewage in their respective administrative areas. The competent department of construction in the State Council shall, jointly with the competent department of comprehensive economic macro-control and environmental protection in the State Council, organize the preparation of the national urban sewage treatment facilities construction plan according to the urban and rural planning and water pollution prevention and control planning. The local people's governments at or above the county level shall organize the departments of construction, comprehensive macro-control of economy, environmental protection, water administration and so on to prepare the construction plan of urban sewage treatment facilities in their respective administrative areas. The competent construction department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall, according to the construction plan of urban sewage treatment facilities, organize the construction of urban centralized sewage treatment facilities and supporting pipe networks, and strengthen the supervision and management of the operation of urban centralized sewage treatment facilities. The operating units of urban centralized sewage treatment facilities provide paid sewage treatment services to polluters in accordance with state regulations, and charge sewage treatment fees to ensure the normal operation of centralized sewage treatment facilities. Those who discharge sewage into urban centralized sewage treatment facilities and pay sewage treatment fees will no longer pay sewage charges. The sewage treatment fee collected shall be used for the construction and operation of centralized sewage treatment facilities in cities and towns, and shall not be used for other purposes. The specific laws on the sewage treatment fee, management and use of centralized sewage treatment facilities in cities and towns shall be formulated by the State Council. The discharge of water pollutants into urban centralized sewage treatment facilities shall conform to the national or local standards for the discharge of water pollutants. If the effluent quality of urban centralized sewage treatment facilities meets the national or local water pollutant discharge standards, it may be exempted from sewage charges in accordance with relevant state regulations. The operating unit of urban sewage centralized treatment facilities shall be responsible for the effluent quality of urban sewage centralized treatment facilities. The competent department of environmental protection shall supervise and inspect the quality and quantity of effluent from urban sewage centralized treatment facilities. When building domestic waste landfill, measures such as leakage prevention should be taken to prevent water pollution. IV. Prevention and control of water pollution in agriculture and rural areas 1 The use of pesticides shall conform to the relevant national regulations and standards for the safe use of pesticides. The transportation, storage and disposal of expired pesticides should be strengthened to prevent water pollution. The competent agricultural departments of local people's governments at or above the county level and other relevant departments shall take measures to guide agricultural producers to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides scientifically and rationally, control the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and prevent water pollution. The state supports the construction of facilities for comprehensive utilization or harmless treatment of livestock manure and wastewater in livestock and poultry farms and breeding communities. Livestock and poultry farms and farming communities shall ensure the comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure and wastewater or the normal operation of harmless treatment facilities, ensure the discharge of sewage up to standard, and prevent the water environment from being polluted. Engaged in aquaculture should protect the ecological environment of water areas, scientifically determine the breeding density, rationally feed and use drugs, and prevent water environment pollution. When discharging industrial wastewater and urban sewage into farmland irrigation channels, it should ensure that the water quality of the nearest irrigation water intake point downstream meets the farmland irrigation water quality standards. The use of industrial wastewater and urban sewage for irrigation should prevent the pollution of soil, groundwater and agricultural products. V. Prevention of Water Pollution from Ships 1 The discharge of oily sewage and domestic sewage from ships shall conform to the discharge standards of pollutants from ships. When ships engaged in ocean transportation enter inland rivers and ports, they shall abide by the pollutant discharge standards of inland river ships. Residual oil and waste oil from ships shall be recovered and prohibited from being discharged into water bodies. It is forbidden to dump ship garbage into water bodies. When carrying oil or toxic goods, ships should take measures to prevent overflow and leakage to prevent water pollution caused by falling into the water. Ships shall be equipped with corresponding anti-pollution equipment and equipment in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, and hold legal and effective certificates and certificates to prevent environmental pollution in waters. When ships carry out operations involving the discharge of pollutants, they shall strictly abide by the operating rules and truthfully record them in the corresponding record books. Ports, docks, loading and unloading stations and ship repair plants shall be equipped with sufficient facilities to receive pollutants and wastes from ships. Units engaged in receiving pollutants and wastes from ships, or units engaged in cleaning cabins loaded with oil and polluted dangerous goods, shall have the receiving and processing capacity suitable for their business scale. When a ship carries out the following activities, it shall prepare an operation plan and take effective safety and pollution prevention measures, and report to the maritime administrative agency at the place of operation for approval: (1) receiving residual oil, oily sewage and contaminated cargo residues, or cleaning the cabin containing oil and contaminated cargo; (two) dangerous goods contaminated by bulk liquid barge operation; (3) Dismantling and salvage of ships on water or other construction operations of ships on water and underwater.