Later, Dewey, a representative figure of American pragmatic pedagogy, criticized the theory of three centers in education, so Dewey put forward the theory of children, experience and activity-"three centers in new education" As a result, there are two schools of education in modern western countries-traditional education school (Herbart) and modern education school (Dewey). The "three centers" are teacher-centered and emphasize the active construction of knowledge based on students' own experience. The new "three centers" are student-centered and student-centered. The new three centers have corrected the teacher-led and inquiry-based teaching by instilling and cooperating. The third middle school takes teachers as the main body, experiences as the center, activities as the center, classes as the center, teaching materials as the center, and students learn passively, emphasizing the one-way transfer of knowledge in the classroom and independent teaching methods.