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How do satellites adjust their orbits, directions and positions in outer space?

Reward score: 0- 14 days 18 hours before the end of the question.

Isn't there no atmosphere in outer space Then how to adjust the position and direction by aerodynamic force?

Propellant still has mass after combustion. When it sprays backward at high speed, it will have a reaction on the spaceship, just like the feeling of a fireman operating a faucet.

It is a direct reaction engine under the action of high-speed airflow, and the rocket does not need any external objects when moving.

Rockets also need Laval nozzles, and the specific contents and textbooks at home and abroad are open.

Because this afternoon (June 29th, 2007 10), I performed bicycle acrobatics, and spent more than 6 hours on my bike, so I was very tired.

I'll just repeat the post I personally wrote recently;

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How to deal with welding deformation of stainless steel?

Only heat in advance when welding.

This deformation cannot be dealt with afterwards. The thinner the workpiece, the greater the thickness difference between the workpieces and the greater the deformation.

This is a thin shell structure. If you knock here, it will bulge there.

And the more repair welding, the greater the deformation.

Therefore, it is very difficult to weld launch vehicle engines (basically thick-walled stainless steel parts), missile engines, airplanes, spacecraft, armored vehicles, tanks, submarines, military transport vehicles, high-pressure vessels, chemical components, reaction vessels and boilers.

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When the star and arrow are separated, why does the rocket face up and the satellite face down, that is, the rocket faces space and the satellite faces the earth?

Ignorance and fearlessness, illiterate response;

There are several possibilities, for example, when the satellite and rocket are separated, the annular thin shell is used to generate thrust, and at the same time, the satellite is driven by rotation. This separation attitude is related to the attitude of the satellite rotation axis to the earth. Using the upper stage rocket to adjust the attitude can save the propellant on the satellite and facilitate the attitude adjustment.

Even if the three-dimensional inertial flywheel is used to stabilize the space attitude when the satellite and the rocket are separated, the propellant on the satellite can be saved by adjusting the initial separation attitude with the upper stage rocket. Moreover, at this time, the ground measurement and control antenna of the satellite is not opened, and the space attitude can only be determined by the inertial system on the satellite. At this time, perhaps the infrared wide-angle sensor for measuring the earth's ground plane is not working yet, and it can't provide attitude measurement parameters for the earth.

Nonsense, let's ask experts to answer it.

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How did the satellite change its orbit in space, and what force made it change its direction?

The satellite itself has many engines, large and small, distributed in different locations. Their spatial position in the satellite coordinate system is known, the center of mass of the satellite is also known, and the inertia size and moment of inertia of the satellite are also known.

According to the current orbit of the satellite, the space attitude angle between the relative orbit of the satellite and the earth coordinate system is adjusted by a small engine, and the space motion direction and orbit of the satellite can be changed by starting the main engine according to mechanical calculation.

After the satellite attitude is adjusted, the main engine can move in the direction of motion, that is, slow down; The host can retreat, that is, accelerate;

The main engine can be propelled at an angle intersecting the direction of motion, which can change the angle between the main engine and the earth equator and satellite orbit.

This is just a joke. Don't take it seriously

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What is an attitude control engine?

Change the space attitude of the spacecraft,

In order to be able to generate thrust in different directions,

So there are many small engines on the ship.

The magnitude and duration of the thrust can be predetermined,

Simply put, it is vector propulsion, and vectors have spatial direction and size.

Its basic feature is that it can work in a vacuum environment and does not depend on the action of the air rudder surface.

For example, when the launch vehicle takes off, the speed is very low. Although the rocket body is in the atmospheric environment, the space speed and direction of the rocket body can only be adjusted by the attitude control engine, and it is impossible to adjust the attitude with the rudder surface of the ordinary missile.

Satellites, anti-satellite weapons, ballistic rockets, deep space probes and space shuttles all have attitude control engines.

The space attitude of spacecraft is simply the three-dimensional angle and angular velocity between the spacecraft coordinate system and the earth inertial coordinate system.

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Why do satellites have perigee and apogee?

This is the most natural orbit, which runs slowly and has low kinetic energy, and is pulled back by the earth; Come back at high speed, and the earth will leave the earth without receiving it.

The circular orbit is artificially constructed after repeated revisions and needs to be adjusted frequently to maintain it.

Nonsense, laughter, purely funny reply.

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What material is used for the thermal insulation of the satellite?

Mainly internal thermal environment balance,

Store, publish and exchange.

Nonsense, bluffing

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How does the satellite handle the temperature difference between the two sides in space?

Double-sided heat exchange, control exchange capacity, local electric heating (from nuclear power or photovoltaic cells) or refrigeration (this is the process of internal exchange) if necessary. Is the spaceship about the balance body?

In vacuum environment, there are three basic forms of heat exchange without direct conduction and direct convection, leaving radiation exchange, which can improve reflectivity and reduce radiation reception to the external environment; Or vice versa.

If it really doesn't work, vaporize the liquid, waste it, empty it, and the heat can be transferred.

Nonsense, funny beginning, please continue to scold below.

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How is the elliptical orbit of the lunar exploration satellite around the earth formed?

Reward score: 0- 13 days 13 hours before the problem ends.

Is its linear velocity and angular velocity the same at apogee and perigee?

Apogee is slow, perigee is fast.

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What is the basic working principle of gravity accelerometer? The more popular the better,

I am a graduate of an engineering university.

Electronic scales, such as those in agricultural and sideline products market, seafood market, medicinal materials market and precious metal jewelry market, are sold at different latitudes, and all have correction proportional coefficients, because the acceleration of gravity at different latitudes is different.

The same electronic scale, no longer calibrated, weighs the same weight at different latitudes and has different readings, that is, different weights.

The acceleration of gravity of the earth and the moon is different in the same latitude and different precision areas. This gravity anomaly may be caused by huge underground caves and large minerals.

One of the traditional measurement items of scientific research ship on the sea surface is the continuous measurement of gravity gradient of the route. Its simple principle is a platform with stable inertial technology and a gravity accelerometer on it, which is not affected by the shaking of the ship. The simplest gravity accelerometer is to hang a heavy object under a spring made of a constant elastic alloy. By measuring the elongation of the spring, the local gravity acceleration can be measured.

Modern precision gravity accelerometer is realized by gyro.

The gravity accelerometer can be installed on the satellite, and then combined with the orbit measurement of the satellite, it can measure the gravity acceleration distribution of the earth and the moon.

Because of the different distribution of gravity acceleration between the earth and the moon, it has an impact on the satellite orbit above it.

The strategic nuclear submarine of the United States has a three-dimensional gravity accelerometer, which can detect the outline of the continental shelf without turning on the sonar and exposing itself.

This device can also be used for exploration. Is it Rockefeller? Martin's products

Yesterday (June 5438+October 30, 2007/kloc-0), I made two groups of free bicycle acrobatic photography models. I rode for more than 6 hours, with a total duration of 12 hours. As a matter of fact, I am conducting education on artistic and technological innovation, patriotism and national defense, and military education.