Thales, an ancient Greek thinker, scientist and philosopher, was born in Mile, the capital of Ionia. He founded the earliest school of philosophy in ancient Greece and was the founder of Miletus School (also known as Ionian School).
One of the seven sages of ancient Greece, the first thinker with a name in the history of western thought, is called "the father of science and philosophy". Thales was the first natural scientist and philosopher in ancient Greece and the West. Thales' students include anaximander and Anaximenes.
Main idea: water is the source of all things; Everything has a God.
2. Pamnied
Parmenides is Parmenides (Greek π α rho μ ε ν? δη? Or? λε? τη? Parmenides, an Englishman (about 515 BC ~ after the middle of the 5th century BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and was born in Elijah (a Greek city on the southern Italian coast).
He is one of the most representative figures among the former Socrates philosophers.
He is the actual founder and main representative of Elias School. He is a student of xenophanes and influenced by Pythagoras. The main work is On Nature written in verse, and now only fragments are left.
Main idea: He thinks that real change doesn't exist, and all changes in the world are illusions, so people can't know the truth by their senses. According to Parmenides, everything that exists is always there. In Parmenides' thoughts, nothing comes from nothingness, and what already exists will not disappear into the invisible.
3.socrates
Socrates (Greek: σ ω κ ρ? τη? English: Socrates (469 ~ 399 BC), a famous thinker, philosopher, educator and citizen juror in ancient Greece.
Socrates and his student Plato, as well as Plato's student Aristotle, are known as the "three sages of ancient Greece" and are generally regarded as the founders of western philosophy by later generations.
As a citizen of Athens, it is recorded that Socrates was finally sentenced to death by the Athens court on charges of insulting the Athenian god, introducing neo-theism and corrupting the thoughts of the Athenian youth. Although Socrates had a chance to escape, he still chose to drink the poisonous hibiscus juice and die, because he thought that escape would only further weaken the authority of Athenian law.
Subject: "I only know one thing, that is, I know nothing"; He who knows good will do good. We make mistakes because we don't know what is right. In addition, the ability to distinguish right from wrong exists in human reason, but not in society.
4. Plato
Plato (Plato, π λ? ω e ◣ (427-347 BC), a great philosopher in ancient Greece, is one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers in the whole western philosophy and even the whole western culture.
Plato, teacher Socrates, student Aristotle, and known as the three sages of Greece. Other concepts of its emergence or development include Plato's thought, Platonism, Platonic love and so on. Plato's main work is Dialogues, in which Socrates appears in most dialogues. However, it is generally believed in academic circles that the image of Socrates is not entirely Socrates in history.
Main ideas: idealism; Utopian theory.
5. Aristotle
Aristotle (384 ~ 322 BC), an ancient philosopher and ancient Greek, is one of the great philosophers, scientists and educators in the ancient history of the world, and can be called a master of Greek philosophy. He is Plato's student and Alexander's teacher.
In 335 BC, he established a school in Athens called Lv Keang, called Minstrel. Marx once called Aristotle the most learned figure among ancient Greek philosophers, and Engels called him "the ancient Hegel".
As an encyclopedic scientist, he has contributed to almost every subject. His works cover ethics, metaphysics, psychology, economics, theology, politics, rhetoric, natural science, education, poetry, customs and Athenian law.
Main viewpoints: rationality, logic and biology.
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