First, learn the "three fives" efficiently.
(A) grasp the "five grasps":
① Grasp the explanation and direction of the college entrance examination; —— The college entrance examination review should clarify the review direction, learn to look up and down, and interpret what to test from the test instructions; Analyze how to test from the test questions in recent years; Proceed from personal reality and make clear what you should do. Clear goals, initiative and high efficiency.
Master physics textbooks and implement basic knowledge; Textbooks are the basis of learning, the carrier of knowledge and an important reference for the proposition of college entrance examination. Most college entrance examination questions can be found in textbooks, so grasp the outline. Only in this way can we implement the "five basics": basic concepts, basic laws, basic experiments, basic models and basic methods.
③ Do a good job in classroom review to improve the quality of review; -Classroom is the main battlefield of learning, and attending classes is the main business. Follow the teacher's ideas, focus on knowledge and methods, and strive to understand in class. Note that only by previewing can we really keep up with the teacher's ideas and grasp the key points. All students should focus on public priorities, but it is important to grasp their own personalized priorities. Everyone's knowledge cognition and grasp of the situation are different, and everyone has their own needs. He must grasp whatever he lacks, and the focus must be personalized. He should understand the key points of personalization and digest them in class.
④ Do a good job in network construction and form a knowledge system; -To implement knowledge, form ability and improve scientific literacy, we must pay attention to the establishment of knowledge system and method system, weaving knowledge points into knowledge lines, knowledge lines into knowledge areas and knowledge areas into knowledge bodies. Left hook and right link, hang up and pull down knowledge to form an organic system. Only in this way can we achieve a comprehensive understanding of knowledge.
⑤ Grasp topic training and improve problem-solving ability. -What is the college entrance examination? The college entrance examination is to solve problems. The college entrance examination distinguishes candidates' abilities and divides admission according to the results of physics problem solving. Of course, the understanding and mastery of physical theory should be manifested in solving various physical problems, so it is necessary to solve a certain number of more types of problems, which is conducive to deepening the understanding of physical concepts and laws and improving the ability to solve problems. However, when solving a physics problem, we should be clear that the purpose of solving the problem is to test our grasp of concepts and laws, and to cultivate and improve our ability to analyze and solve problems independently and flexibly. Because physics exercises are endless, only by grasping the root of solving problems can we achieve good results in the college entrance examination. My view is: grasp "change" and "unchanged" to improve the efficiency of review. It is the model that becomes the background. For some typical physical models, we should deeply understand the characteristics and laws of the models and truly understand the problems. The mode method is "ask more questions, solve more problems, change more, think more and unify more", which is to broaden the thinking of solving problems, draw inferences from others and get rid of the sea of questions. The most effective way of education.
How to choose representative typical exercises? First of all, we must choose the college entrance examination questions. The college entrance examination questions are conceptual, and the examination of concepts and laws is in-depth and flexible. Some questions have new ideas, new situations and new questioning angles, some are comprehensive, and some have profound meanings, which are very worthy of our in-depth study. Secondly, we should choose exercises with applied concepts, laws, important contents, strong essentials and flexibility, and also choose exercises with representative problem-solving methods and skills. How can we really understand these multiple-choice questions? I think we should do "four questions and six analyses": physical process and state; Physical model and method; Design features and key points; The change and expansion of the topic includes six analyses: object analysis, process analysis, state analysis, function analysis, relationship analysis and law analysis. Through my own independent and repeated thinking, I have clearly realized what concepts and laws to use to analyze problems and establish relationships in the process of solving problems. There are several ways to solve this problem, which one should be chosen to solve the problem, where is the key to solve the problem, how to solve the problem equation, what is the physical meaning of the conclusion, and what are the new experiences and understandings of concepts and laws to solve this problem.
(2) optimizing the "five processes";
(1) preview before class, sort out the test sites, clarify the difficulties and seize the doubts. -"everything is established in advance, and it will be abolished if it is not foreseen", recognizing the importance of preview. Through preview, we can grasp the key points and difficulties of this section, so that we can "have a clear aim" and actively acquire knowledge when listening to lectures in class. Moreover, through preview, you can cultivate your self-study, understanding and independent thinking ability, which is also one of the purposes of learning physics. Learning physics is not only learning physical knowledge itself, but also mastering this set of ability to analyze and solve physical problems.
Preview can not be completed simply by reading a book, but by reading the textbook carefully, pondering every sentence and carefully scrutinizing the laws of physics until you understand them. If you really don't understand, you should mark it, which is the focus of your class. Therefore, through purposeful preview, we can turn passivity into initiative and lay a solid foundation for mastering knowledge. Listening to classes is the most critical part of learning.
(2) Listen carefully, dispel doubts, improve knowledge and learn to meet the standards. -In class, first, pay attention to the key points emphasized by the teacher, which is often the main goal of various exams; Secondly, pay attention to what you don't understand when previewing. Teachers must listen carefully and think positively when they talk about this place. Generally speaking, they will understand. If you really don't understand, don't think too much and delay the lecture. You can ask the teacher after class. A good memory is better than a bad writing. Besides listening carefully in class, you should also take notes. Because notes are often the systematization and concretization of the key and difficult points summarized by teachers in many years of teaching practice, which embodies the teachers' hard work. In addition, taking notes is also convenient for grasping the key points when reviewing.
(3) Review after class, consolidate knowledge, study and think, and find problems. After class, the knowledge points in the brain are like beautiful pearls scattered on the ground, which must be connected into a beautiful necklace through the thread of "review". When reviewing, you should chew the textbook carefully against the key points in your notes and the difficulties in preview. Important physical concepts and laws should be kept in mind. When reviewing, you can't confine yourself to this section as you did when previewing, because there are many similar laws in physics, and many concepts and laws are intrinsically related, such as the motion of objects in gravity and electric field, the inverse square ratio of the law of gravity and Coulomb's law, the connection and difference between fluctuation and vibration, and so on. This requires us to pay attention to the contact and communication before and after review, so as to better grasp their essence.
(4) Finish homework, find problems, pay attention to laws and standardize problem solving. After reviewing, you haven't finished yet. Now you only know the laws of physics, but how to use them in specific situations and what skills to use, any physical law has its scope of application. Beyond this range, the law may not stand and must be replaced by a more accurate theory. You may not know or be familiar with these things, so you have to consolidate your knowledge by doing problems, apply the laws of physics to solve practical problems, and accumulate experience in doing problems. Practice makes perfect, and practice makes perfect to change and become a talent. I don't advocate sea tactics. We should do less but do more different types of questions. Before each question, we should carefully examine the questions, distinguish the types of questions, and find a general method suitable for a certain type of questions, so as to draw inferences from others and draw inferences from others.
(5) Summarize, carefully distinguish, systematically summarize, and remember the wrong questions-reading some extracurricular reference books properly is of great benefit to deepening the understanding and skilled application of physical laws. In the choice of reference books, don't choose those problem sets, problem sets and question banks, because they only have a simple answer, which is neither thinking analysis nor regular application. If you do it right, eat it. If you do it wrong, you don't know why. Therefore, we should choose books such as study guidance and problem-solving guidance, which often contain detailed problem-solving thinking analysis and specific problem-solving steps. For the same physical problem, due to different starting points, different physical laws and different mathematical methods, the complexity of the problem-solving process often varies greatly. When you look at the solutions in the reference books after you finish the questions, you will often find more ingenious ideas, more flexible physical laws, more effective mathematical means and more novel problem-solving methods. In this way, every time you do a problem, you will gain a lot. As time goes by, always being exposed to new, flexible and flexible ideas will make your thinking more open and flexible. In addition, it is best to add the applicable types, skills and precautions of relevant laws to the corresponding chapters of your notes, so as to systematically incorporate them into your knowledge network in future review.
(C) to achieve the "five stresses"
1. Pay attention to the understanding of the concept law-what is fundamental? It is the foundation. Basic concepts should be clear, basic laws should be familiar, and basic knowledge and skills are the main requirements of the syllabus and examination. On the basis of "double basics", grasp the basic problem-solving ideas. Problem-solving thinking is a starting point for analyzing and solving problems on the basis of solid basic knowledge. No matter how difficult the topic is, it is nothing more than a synthesis or variation of the basic things. In the limited review time, we should make a wise choice, that is, grasp the foundation. Remember: foundation, or foundation.
2. Pay attention to the perception of physical methods-Descartes said that "knowledge about methods is the most important knowledge". Perception, understanding and application of physical methods are the expression of individual learning literacy and potential. Pay attention to the thinking process and methods of solving physical problems, such as holistic method and isolation method, extrapolation method, equivalence method, infinitesimal method, limit method, symmetry method, ideal method, hypothesis method, reverse thinking method, analogy method and migration method. , should be carefully understood and mastered; By solving a certain number of exercises, we will find many problems in understanding concepts and laws, many problems in solving methods and skills, and many problems in solving skills and experiences, which need to be summarized in time.
3. Pay attention to the improvement of physical experiment ability-physics is an experimental subject, and experiment is to establish physical concepts. Understand the laws of physics and establish the basis of physical model. It is also a must for the college entrance examination. We must be familiar with the purpose, principle, operation, data processing and error analysis of the experiment. Before doing physics experiments, we should preview carefully, be bold and cautious when doing experiments, and finish the experiment report independently after doing experiments. This process can help you understand physical concepts more deeply, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort.
4. Pay attention to the application of the laws of physical process analysis. -for a physical problem, after understanding the meaning of the problem and determining the applied physical laws and research objects, it is necessary to analyze the physical state and process of the research object and form a clear physical image in your mind. Only in this way can we easily eliminate the interference of some wrong ideas and find the breakthrough point to solve the problem. Establish a physical model. Especially for some difficult, flexible and new problems, only by analyzing the physical process can we find the key conditions and hidden conditions in the problems.
5. Pay attention to the relationship between physics and daily life and the development of science and technology-pay attention to explaining and solving major hot issues such as energy, science and technology and sports. Use subject knowledge in real social life.
Second, review the "three fours" efficiently.
(A) physics problem-solving to achieve the "four modernizations."
Simplification of complex problems: difficult points are decomposed and big problems are skillfully done;
Rationalization of simple problems: rational thinking, making a mountain out of a molehill;
The concretization of rational problems: rational conclusions supported by facts;
Specific problems of modeling: practical application, modeling.
(B) physics classroom to achieve the "four modernizations."
The main points of knowledge problem
Focus on modeling.
(C) Clarify the four relationships in physics learning-
(1) the relationship between teaching materials and teaching AIDS-based on the teaching materials, make good use of review materials, master the main analytical methods and problem-solving skills of physical problems, and highlight leakage and fill gaps;
(2) The relationship between problem-solving and ability-Physics problems in college entrance examination often examine the same knowledge point in different scenes or from different angles. The new questions should be applied scientifically and effectively to improve their adaptability, and they should not be specialized in solving difficult questions;
(3) the relationship between theory and experiment-master the use of basic instruments, strengthen the training of physical experiment ideas, principles, methods and skills, and pay attention to using physical knowledge, principles and methods to solve open practical application problems in life and production technology.
(4) The relationship between habits and norms-we should carefully examine the questions, distinguish the background materials, and tap the implied conditions; It is necessary to define the research object, establish a clear physical scene by drawing a schematic diagram, and pay attention to scientific norms when solving problems;
Third, we must implement the "two threes"
(A) the establishment of three books
1, wrong title book-"There is nothing wrong with the title". When you make mistakes in review, you must understand them and never let them go. Failure is the mother of success. The more you get from failure, the closer you get to success. The famous contemporary philosopher Popper believes that "we can learn from our mistakes". All our knowledge can only grow by correcting our mistakes. Therefore, we should stick to our mistakes. Finding mistakes is our progress, and correcting them is our starting point! For the wrong questions, we must carefully analyze the reasons for doing wrong, and think about what knowledge we have done wrong, because we have not really mastered and understood it. Finding the root of mistakes will improve our understanding of concepts and laws, which is a fundamental improvement and extremely useful.
2. Good question book-The so-called good question is a topic that you think will inspire your thinking and improve your ability. It can come from teachers' lectures, examination questions, teaching materials and so on. Need to sort out and classify systematically.
3, question book-because the question book means that you have questions, ready to ask the teacher to ask questions from your classmates. Write it down to improve communication efficiency and save time.
(2) Develop three habits-
1. preview before class-the key to low efficiency in class is that the class objectives are not clear, and it is not clear what to listen to and how to listen. Therefore, preview is particularly important. What knowledge did I solve in the preview? Those knowledge methods are in doubt; What knowledge is the focus of learning? Preview is to find the breakpoint of thinking, focus and focus on lectures. Therefore, listening to lectures with doubts, priorities and goals can certainly improve the pertinence and efficiency of classroom lectures, and preview is also an important way to cultivate self-study ability. Pay attention to the connection between old and new knowledge when previewing; Find out the key points and what you don't understand; You should read, think, record and preview your notes.
2. Review before doing homework-the purpose of doing homework is to consolidate knowledge, not a learning method, but a process of ability formation. Doing homework blindly without reviewing is putting the cart before the horse. Therefore, the core of strengthening review governance is thinking, checking and speaking, that is, recalling, consulting and repeating. Memory is to put a movie in your mind, and the process of memory is to "close your eyes" and put a movie on. Recall what the teacher said today. This is the best way to review. Remember your knowledge in time, and what you can remember will never be forgotten. If you can't remember, you should pay attention to it or learn it again. This is called checking missing information, where it is missing and where it is missing.
Punctuality when doing homework-it is a good habit to remember when to do the problem and finish the study task within the specified time. We should write our homework better and faster, and manage it scientifically.
Fourth, deepen the "two understandings" of efficient lesson preparation:
1, correctly understand the learning principle of senior three colleges: "the foundation determines the ability; The process determines the result; Details determine success or failure; Mentality determines the state; Attitude determines height; Execution determines everything. "
2. Correctly understand the efficient learning measures in senior three: "Simplify complex problems, rationalize simple problems, concretize reasonable problems and model specific problems."
5. Learn a physics principle: the principle of "live after death first, live after death, and live after death".
Science should be read as a liberal art to strengthen memory. Solid memory is the foundation, profound understanding is the key, and flexible application is the goal. Without memory, there is no understanding, let alone application. Therefore, we should not only remember it firmly, but also understand it deeply and vividly. It means: "dead" to "alive".