As an important part of school education, physical education is related to the healthy growth of students' body and mind, and is the basis of students' all-round development. Over the years, the physical condition of Chinese students has been concerned by parents and all walks of life, and schools have paid more and more attention to physical education and teaching. Focusing on the comprehensive educational function of physical education, how to locate physical education in schools at all levels and how to play its role in students' all-round development is undoubtedly becoming a new direction of school physical education exploration and practice.
Physical education fully embodies and carries the fundamental attribute of "educating people". Therefore, school physical education should be taught from the height of pedagogy, life education and quality education, establish a big concept of physical education, overcome the previous teaching ideas and methods that emphasize skills and skills, focus on students' physical and mental health and all-round development, and lay the foundation for students to go to society and enjoy a healthy and fulfilling life in the future.
■ Promoting students' all-round development with the concept of big sports
Physical education is an important connotation of pedagogy. Since ancient times, many thinkers and educators have clearly emphasized the educational function of sports. Rousseau, a modern naturalist educator, advocated that education should "conform to nature" and cultivate "natural person", and the cultivation of this "natural person" also began with "healthy body"; Locke, a high-profile advocate of "gentleman education", attaches great importance to sports. In his view, a healthy body is not only the foundation of happiness in life, but also the guarantee of career.
Focusing on China, Cai Yuanpei put forward the educational policy of "five educations at the same time", which put military education and national education, including physical exercise, in the first place. Aside from the special background of keeping fit and resisting foreign invasion, it can be said that sports is one of the foundations for the harmonious development of mankind, which is fully recognized by Chinese and foreign educators. Because of this, in the educational policy and training objectives since the founding of New China, physical education has always been indispensable, whether it is "moral, intellectual and physical". The chapter "Compulsory Education" in the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (Chapter IV) also specifically mentions "strengthening students' physique" and "launching" sunshine sports "to improve students' physique and health level".
Physical education in the sense of pedagogy is closely related to human development, human development and the sustainable development of society. Carrying out sports activities from the standpoint of pedagogy is a big sports concept with people as the core. This idea adapts to the educational trend of humanistic care in the 2 1 century and is the overall goal of school education. School physical education should have this kind of consciousness and responsibility, and give full play to the special role of physical education in promoting students' all-round growth.
■ Promote students' growth through sports.
In recent years, life education has been widely advocated in school education in China. Not only ideological and moral courses, but also the teaching of various subjects has infiltrated life education to a certain extent according to the course content, forming a good situation. But relatively speaking, life education in physical education has not attracted enough attention. However, when we return to the meaning of physical education-"strengthening physical fitness and promoting physical and mental development through physical exercise", we will find that physical education is most directly related to life education. Physical education teaches students physical knowledge and skills, strengthens their physique and exercises their will. The effect of physical education class directly reflects the students' lifestyle. Especially the physical function of primary school students is growing, and they are naturally active. One hour of physical activity every day is a concern and necessity to adapt to the characteristics of primary school students' life and growth. Therefore, primary school physical education teaching should observe students' nature, mood and hobbies, care about students' participation and interest, so that every student can be close to and love physical education. Compared with other oral education courses, this can directly and effectively guide students to care for life.
Another important part of sports is sports morality, that is, the spirit of collectivism, discipline, fairness and justice, courage and hard struggle permeates sports, which is the highlight of school sports. Especially in primary school physical education, in the face of thriving trees and seedlings, physical education class should be full of sunshine and strength to convey correct and positive thoughts and mental outlook to students. This is not only concerned about students' lives, but also teaching and educating people.
■ Improve the structure of students' physical and mental quality with physical education.
Among people's qualities and abilities, physical quality is the first, and it is putting the cart before the horse to talk about other qualities without physical quality. This is not playing word games, but pointing out that our understanding of quality education is not yet in place, ignoring students' health and blindly increasing students' burden. As we all know, China began to carry out quality education in primary and secondary schools at the end of the 20th century, with the aim of changing the previous education situation in which primary and secondary schools paid attention to achievements and neglected students' all-round development. However, in this process, the burden of students has not been reduced, but has become more tired. This phenomenon warns us that we should re-examine the meaning of quality and re-understand the significance of quality education.
The so-called quality refers to people's innate physical quality and psychological quality, and quality education is to cultivate people's basic quality. * * * * *, the State Council issued 1999 "Decision on Deepening Education Reform and Implementing Quality Education in an All-round Way", which clearly stated that "school education should establish the guiding ideology of health first and strengthen physical education" and clearly put physical education in an important position in quality education. Therefore, we must first make it clear that the so-called "quality education" at the expense of health and health is precisely the paradox of quality education.
Recently, some schools reflect on education from the perspective of "physical return" and propose to carry out educational activities through imitation and ceremony. That is, speaking with the body and knowing the world with the body is undoubtedly very suitable for primary and secondary school students to learn. The educational practice of "body return" is directed against cramming and indoctrination education, warning us that the body is the growing point of students' cognition and growth. In this sense, it can be said that the development of quality education can not be separated from physical education, and school physical education should play a role in improving students' physical and mental quality structure.
■ Practical direction of contemporary school physical education
The goal of physical education and health curriculum in primary schools in China stipulates that "through the study of physical education and health curriculum, students will: (1) strengthen their physique, master and apply basic physical education and health knowledge and sports skills; ⑵ Cultivate sports interests and hobbies, and form the habit of persisting in exercise; ⑶ Good psychological quality, showing interpersonal skills and cooperative spirit; (4) Improve the sense of responsibility for personal health and group health, and form a healthy lifestyle; 5] Carry forward the spirit of sports and form a positive, optimistic and cheerful attitude towards life ". From the above, we can sum up the new practical ways of contemporary school physical education.
First, highlight "health first". "Physical Education Curriculum Standard" and * * * * the State Council's "Opinions on Strengthening Young People's Physical Education and Strengthening Young People's Physical Fitness" (2007) both mentioned that students should exercise for one hour every day. It is pointed out that in recent years, China's primary and secondary education pursues achievements while ignoring students' physique, and it is emphasized that physical education should adapt to the characteristics and needs of teenagers' life growth with its special curriculum form.
In addition, health in the modern sense is not the level of not getting sick or injured in the past, but includes knowledge of physiology, psychology, health care, environment, nutrition and other disciplines. School physical education should guide students to establish health awareness and master scientific fitness methods. This is the meaning of contemporary health.
Second, develop a good "psychological quality". Putting psychological and spiritual education to improve students' mental health and ensure students' good mental outlook in physical education curriculum highlights the importance of physical education. As mentioned above, sports activities initially include the education and exercise of will and emotion. Nowadays, most of the only children can't suffer hardships and setbacks, and even the problem of "boys becoming girls" has appeared. In this case, it is necessary and effective to cultivate students' extensive interests, good habits and strong personality through physical education, which is emphasized by physical education.
Third, establish the concept of "lifelong sports". Although there is no expression of "lifelong sports" in the curriculum standard, its content basically expresses the idea of lifelong sports. Cultivating the attitude of being close to and loving sports from childhood and mastering the methods of sports will eventually deepen the understanding of healthy body and healthy lifestyle, which is very beneficial not only to the development of one's own life, but also to the development of society and even national strength.
Fourth, form an "optimistic attitude towards life". The content of article 5 of the curriculum standard has raised the significance of physical education to another height. In other words, students learn sports knowledge and skills, and form the habit of being happy and enjoying sports. In the end, we should face life with a healthy and upward attitude, go to society, make contributions to society with the knowledge and talents we have learned, and enjoy life.
In a word, physical education is not only a means of education, but also an educational content, and more importantly, education itself. Promoting students' health and growth through physical education is the foundation of school physical education. In recent years, there have been great changes in the evaluation of students in China, such as improving the scores of physical education when evaluating students with three good qualities at all levels; 20 1 1 The senior high school entrance examination added sports scores to the total scores, which highlighted the value of sports scores; The Beijing Municipal Education Commission suggested that the recess time of primary and secondary schools in all districts and counties should be extended from 20 minutes to 25 minutes, and the physical health status of students should be included in the files in the future ... These are all good directions. In the long run, the atmosphere of being close to sports and attaching importance to sports will gradually form, and school sports will return to the educational standard and give full play to its educational function.
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