Maria montessori is a world-famous preschool educator in the 20th century. Her unique law of early childhood education has swept the whole western world, profoundly affecting the educational level and social development of all countries in the world, especially advanced countries in Europe and America. The characteristic of Montessori's education law is that she attaches great importance to early childhood education. She has been engaged in educational experiments and research for more than half a century. Her teaching methods range from intellectual training, sensory training to sports training, from respecting freedom to building will, from civilian education to aristocratic education, which has provided several generations of excellent talent base for the sustainable development of western industrialized society. The history of western education claims that she is the greatest educator of scientific progress who won the recognition of Europe and the world in the 20th century. Montessori believes that there are too many educators who interfere with children's freedom movement, everything is mandatory, and punishment has become synonymous with education. She firmly believes that educators must trust the inner and potential strength of children and provide them with a suitable environment for free activities. She specially made many teaching AIDS, such as small furniture, glass, ceramics and other small objects, to let children practice their senses. Children's sensory exercises are extremely important for children's understanding of things. Scope of application Montessori primary teaching method is suitable for children aged 3-6, and it is divided into the following four aspects: physical exercise (muscle exercise). In order to promote the normal development of children's physiology and make them skilled in daily life, Montessori attaches great importance to children's muscle exercise. In addition to letting nature take its course, she let her children get good physical exercise by sitting, getting up, walking, dressing, undressing, taking things and taking care of animals and plants. She also invented various appliances. Sensory education is the central link of Montessori's method, which will be emphasized below. Montessori believes that sensory training is not only a preparation for children's future real life, but also the basis for children to accept knowledge and develop intelligence. The combination of knowledge education and sensory training allows children to receive education in reading, writing, arithmetic and music in advance. At the same time, develop children's language ability through conversation. Practical life exercises, such as dressing, personal hygiene, indoor finishing, etc. , so that children can handle daily life affairs by themselves without the help of others and cultivate their independence. It is not difficult to see that Montessori's above practice has many merits for early childhood education. As for Montessori's sensory education, further analysis is needed. The unique charm of Montessori's education method comes from fully learning and understanding children, observing their sensitive period, stimulating their potential, developing their independence, self-confidence, concentration and creativity in a relaxed and happy environment, and laying a good quality foundation for their future growth. Montessori's education law has spread all over the European continent and gone to the world. Montessori education law has achieved fruitful results in the promotion of one hundred years. With the continuous improvement and development of its theory, it has been widely respected and recognized by preschool education circles all over the world. It has aroused great concern in the United States, Europe, Japan, Singapore, Australia and other pre-school education developed countries, and Montessori schools are spread all over 100 countries. References:
Sogou Encyclopedia-Montessori Education (1) All children's education must follow a principle, that is, to help children develop physically and mentally. -(Italian) Montessori (2) I saw it, I forgot; I heard it, I remembered it; I did it. I see. Montessori (3) The progress of a child does not depend on his age, but on his freedom to observe everything around him. -(Italy) Montessori (4) When children have not developed their control ability, "letting children do whatever they want" is against the concept of freedom. -(Italy) Montessori (5) Stimulating life and letting life develop freely is the primary task of educators. -(Italy) Montessori (6) The education system is based on the senses, with thinking as the process and freedom as the purpose. -(Italy) Montessori (7) Freedom based on rules is true freedom! Montessori (8) Children's demand for activities is almost stronger than that for food. -(Italy) Montessori (9) Education is to stimulate life, enrich life, help children survive with their own strength, and help them develop this spirit. "-(Italy) Montessori (10) Whoever cannot be independent cannot be free. -(Italy) Montessori Montessori's six famous sayings The progress of children does not depend on their age, but on being able to observe everything around them freely. When children have not developed their control ability, "letting children do whatever they want" is against the concept of freedom. Through daily practice, the child is full of self-confidence, but this does not mean that he has become perfect, but only means that he feels his ability and is eager to try. Normalization is the result of "focusing" on a certain job. To this end, we must provide "activity motivation", which is very suitable for children's interests, so as to attract his high attention. Their success in this respect depends on the use of objects that serve the established purpose, which is also beneficial to children's "psychological order". If they are used carefully and accurately, it will definitely lead to children's "action coordination". Psychologists also agree that there is only one teaching method, and that is to keep students' high interest and strong and persistent attention. Therefore, education only requires one thing: self-learning through the inner strength of children. It is the primary task of educators to stimulate life and let it develop freely. To carry out such meticulous work requires a high degree of artistry, seize the opportunity and be just right, so as not to cause interference and deviation. Children are fully developed mentally and live on their own. We can only help them.
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Question 2:C
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