In the teaching of Pipaxing, I fully studied the content of the text, designed the teaching closely around the three-dimensional goal, and achieved good classroom results. Below, the author combines some recording clips in pipa teaching, talks about some specific practices and thoughts in classroom teaching, and summarizes some practical effects.
Teaching record fragment 1: the overall impression of pipa xing
(Play the song "House of Flying Daggers")
Teacher: Who knows what this piece of music we just heard is played with?
Student: Pipa played House of Flying Daggers. (Most students can answer)
Teacher: Good! It can be seen that everyone has a certain appreciation basis for music. According to textual research, this song is the one that Bai Juyi tried to describe in Pipa Xing. We will enjoy this piece of music later. Let's imagine, if the pipa girl plays a Jiangnan minor at first, can she arouse the poet's strong feelings? For example, this song (click to play the fragment of the ancient song Chun Xue).
(Students think and discuss. )
Student: No, Jiangnan minor usually expresses a cheerful and smooth feeling. The loneliness of pipa girls in their later years can't be expressed by cheerful tunes.
Teacher: What is the basis in the article?
Health:? Sometimes in the dead of night, she dreams of her victory and is awakened from her dream by hot tears? .
Teacher: So, just the melody of music can cause the poet's intense emotional fluctuation?
Prompt students to find sentences from the article and think. )
Teacher: In the preface, you can find sentences that reflect the poet's emotional fluctuation under the influence of music. Is there a sound of Kyoto? . When the poet needed spiritual comfort most, the pipa girl appeared at the right time, which coincided with Bai Juyi's mood of expressing the feelings of the pipa girl in her later years with a pipa, so the following sentence resonated?
Teachers and students:? We were all unhappy until the end of the day, when we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ? .
Are you online? What is the overall impression of pipa xing? In this teaching clip, I try to do it by asking three small questions step by step. Understand the theme and emotional tone of the article, cultivate the ability to filter useful information, and improve the quality of students' music appreciation? These three teaching objectives.
First, guide students to understand the theme and emotional tone of the article. We know that an important content of text reading is to be able to perceive the text as a whole, analyze the context of the work, and understand the theme of the work and the emotional tone of the author. In order to meet this teaching requirement, we must pay attention to the overall conception, context and the relationship and arrangement between the parts of the work. So, did you find the right one? Entry point? It becomes the key to teaching. The words in Pipa Xing, this? Entry point? It is the common fate of the author and the pipa girl, and they are in the same boat. At this point, we will have a series of questions: Why does this piece resonate strongly with the author? What is the emotional tone of this piece? What is the author's situation? If we read these questions in combination with the text, the problem of understanding the theme of the article and the author's emotional tone will be solved.
Secondly, guide students to have the ability to filter useful information. Reading is a kind of thinking activity aimed at obtaining useful information of articles accurately and concretely. Filtering useful information is an important content of text reading. But useful information is not all information, and the criterion for judging whether information is useful lies in our reading purpose. Are you online? What is the overall impression of pipa xing? In this reading teaching process, I ask questions? Which poem embodies the sadness of music in words? 、? What is the sentence that causes the author's emotional turmoil? 、? What is the specific poem that combines the two in the text? These three questions enable students to make clear the direction of information, and then find out the source of information with questions, that is? Sometimes in the dead of night, she dreams of her victory and is awakened from her dream by hot tears? 、? Is there a sound of Kyoto? 、? We were all unhappy until the end of the day, when we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ? In this teaching process, the core problem of cultivating students to filter useful information is the design of questions. Therefore, in the design of questions, we should follow students' cognitive rules as far as possible, persuasively and step by step, and gradually cultivate students' habit of setting reading goals and reading with questions. Of course, the selection of useful information also requires students to have a certain language foundation, which is based on understanding the words in the article. Therefore, previewing with reference books before class is the premise of cultivating this ability.
Is there a place in this teaching clip? Idle pen? , is the interpretation of the song "House of Flying Daggers" and the comparative appreciation of "Chun Xue". See here? Idle pen? In fact, it has accomplished a very important function of Chinese, which is to highlight the teaching of Chinese? Emotional attitudes and values? This goal. This teaching goal emphasizes the humanity of Chinese and the extensive cultural influence on students. Is there more connotation than outline? Ideology? The target is much richer. It is an important content of Chinese course to cultivate students' noble moral sentiment and healthy aesthetic taste and form correct values and positive attitude towards life. Through the appreciation of the genre of House of Flying Daggers and the comparative appreciation of Chun Xue, students have an unconscious perception of healthy aesthetic taste. Under the influence of this kind of music appreciation, students' value orientation and emotional attitude will be further improved.
Visible, in the process of teaching, consciously close to the surrounding? Knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values? Teaching with this three-dimensional goal plays an important role in improving students' Chinese literacy.
Teaching Record Segment 2: Music Description Appreciation (Pipa Part II)
Teacher: Now, let's enjoy Bai Juyi's literary version of House of Flying Daggers. This part describes the whole playing process from the beginning of tuning to the end of receiving and dialing. Please discuss and analyze why this song is so vivid with the specific content described.
The students had a heated discussion and analysis. )
Health: The first paragraph uses metaphor and imitation to write big strings and small strings, such as big strings? Urgent rain? , small string such as? Whisper? , string sizes are mixed, such as? Like pouring pearls, big and small, into a plate of jade? Three sets of metaphors describe music from fast and heavy to fast and light to complex and crisp. In the description of the second paragraph, sometimes it looks like a flower like a warbler, and sometimes it looks like a clear spring flowing under the ice. Music from clear and loud as pearls and jade, to tactfully low, difficult, and finally intermittent, silent. In the description of the third paragraph, use? Silver bottle? Iron ride? Two metaphors describe the sudden emergence of magnificent and exciting music. Rip？ Metaphor tune to an abrupt end.
Teacher: The discussion and analysis are very good. So, what are the functions of metaphor and imitation?
The students had a heated discussion and analysis. )
Student: You can use a lot of metaphors to turn abstraction into images and make music emotional. The clever use of onomatopoeia and overlapping makes the music description vivid and makes people feel immersive. Like what? Warbler? Are you online? Flower bottom? ,? Spring? Are you online? Under the ice? ,? Bottle? what's up Silver bottle? ,? Riding a horse? what's up Iron ride? , ? Disk? what's up Pan Yu? Metaphoring sound with sound can bring people visual beauty and think of the beauty of music in parallel, thus gaining great audio-visual enjoyment. This turns the abstract and intangible music into a tangible entity.
Pass above? Pipaxing music appreciation? The purpose of teaching clips is to improve students' two basic language skills: analytical and comprehensive ability and appreciation and evaluation ability. These two basic abilities are necessary for senior high school students to learn Chinese reading, and they are also clearly reflected in the current college entrance examination instructions. Let's talk about the cultivation of comprehensive analysis ability. Analytical comprehensive ability refers to the decomposition, analysis and induction of information read by fingers, which is a kind of ability level further improved on the basis of understanding. My first question, I didn't ask it directly? What is the expression? , also did not ask? What rhetoric is used? Instead, it puts forward a problem with analytical color? Why this image? The purpose is to guide students to combine specific description content, first image perception, then rational generalization, and draw a conclusion? Metaphor and imitation? The answer. That's not the problem. More importantly, let the students return to the specific description on the basis of the conclusion. Why this image? The answer to the question is incisive and perfect.
Let's talk about the cultivation of appreciation and evaluation ability. As we know, the ability of appreciation and evaluation refers to the identification, appreciation and comment of reading materials, which is a requirement of ability based on understanding, analysis and synthesis, and a developed level of ability in reading. On the basis of analyzing why the music description is vivid, I continue to ask? What are the functions of metaphor and imitation? This problem actually involves the ability of appreciation and evaluation. To answer this question, we should not only have some knowledge of literary theory, but also use specific paragraphs to explain it. Just answering questions is not enough. Through specific analysis? Warbler? Are you online? Flower bottom? ,? Spring? Are you online? Under the ice? ,? Bottle? what's up Silver bottle? ,? Riding a horse? what's up Iron ride? , ? Disk? what's up Pan Yu? And so on, fully embodies the understanding of the theory that appreciation and evaluation are based on analysis and synthesis.
Through the design of these two questions, we not only have a rational analysis and evaluation of Bai Juyi's wonderful music description, but more importantly, we gradually cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems in a subtle way, and move this ability out to achieve the effect of drawing inferences from others.
I think, a wise saying of Mr. Ye Shengtao? Teaching is to not teach? It is very suitable for use here. Yes, as long as our teaching plan is designed reasonably and closely? Improve students' Chinese knowledge, improve their basic skills and cultivate their sentiment? If Chinese teaching activities are carried out according to the teaching objectives, students' Chinese literacy will be greatly improved, every Chinese class will achieve tangible results, the instrumentality and humanity of Chinese will be truly reflected, and our Chinese teaching curriculum reform will also achieve tangible results.