1. Combined with the teaching materials, this paper expounds the characteristics of practical writing from four aspects: theme, material, structure and language. (15)
A:
The characteristics of practical writing are embodied in the following four aspects:
(1) The theme is single, focused and clear. Theme is the central meaning of the article and the embodiment of the author's intention, proposition or viewpoint in the article. Simplicity means that an article can only have one center, and it should be "one article and one thing"; Concentration means that a practical article can only have one center, which is the commander-in-chief of the full text; Clarity refers to the central meaning of the article, what are the author's subgraphs and opinions, so that readers can see at a glance, such as writing a description, which can only ask one thing. Either ask the leading organ to approve something or ask the leading organ to answer and instruct something. Matters must be single and clear, and the full text must be summed up in one point.
(2) The materials are diverse, authentic and powerful. Materials are all kinds of facts and theories that constitute the content, form the support and express the main idea of the article. Diversity means that materials can include factual materials (first-hand materials) and theoretical materials (second-hand materials). Diversity means that in terms of its overall characteristics, authenticity means that materials should conform to objective conditions, which is the primary condition for the authenticity of articles. Powerful means that the material can be commanded by the theme, needs to express the theme and is typical. For example, when writing a summary, we must collect the work done throughout the year or for a period of time and sum up the real situation from all aspects. The materials are diverse, the content is rich and typical, which can explain the problem and be powerful.
(3) The structure is reasonable, precise and fixed. Materials are all kinds of facts and theories that constitute the content, support and express the main idea of the article. Diversity means that materials can include factual materials (first-hand materials) and theoretical materials (second-hand materials). Diversity refers to its overall characteristics: authenticity refers to the fact that materials should meet objective conditions, which is the first condition to make the article true; Powerful means that the material can be directed by the theme and express the demand for the theme, which is typical. For example, when writing a summary, we must collect the work done throughout the year or for a period of time and sum up the real situation from all aspects. The materials are diverse, the content is rich and typical, which can explain the problem and be powerful.
(4) The language is accurate, concise, simple and solemn. Language accuracy refers to the proper choice of words and sentences, the extensive use of professional terms and trade terms, the rational use of some verified data, and the use of long sentences and complex sentences. Concise language means to convey as much information as possible to readers with as little language materials as possible: plain and natural, easy to understand, straightforward and simple. The solemnity of language is one of the most important factors to form the solemn style of an article, and the use of rigorous sentence patterns. For example, writing a notice.
In a word, single theme, clear focus, diverse materials, truthfulness and strength, reasonable structure, preciseness and fixity, accurate, concise, plain and solemn language are the basic characteristics of practical writing, and also the basic requirements for practical writing.
2. Based on my own learning experience, talk about the importance of model essay reading to improve practical essay writing. (25 points)
A:
Familiar with 300 Tang poems, you can sing even if you can't write poems. This is the experience of predecessors' writing, which tells the universal law of writing. Looking at a thousand swords and learning the reading speed of model essays can subtly turn other people's experiences into their own and make them play a role in their own writing activities. If you learn writing, you can't form the most basic and comprehensive understanding of a style, so even if you learn writing knowledge, it is difficult to apply it flexibly in writing and make it a living knowledge. Reading is the forerunner and foundation of writing. Reading more model essays and getting in touch with the actual situation of the articles is an important way to gain perceptual knowledge, learn from them and improve them. When I was writing "Asking for Instructions", I read a lot of model essays in related styles, learned about the three elements of the topic, the determination of the main sending organ, the use of the text language and format, and the commonly used star language, and soon mastered the writing rules of this style.
3. Combined with the teaching materials, briefly describe the concept, characteristics, functions, composition and classification of official documents. (20 points)
A:
First, official documents, that is, official documents, have broad and narrow meanings. In a broad sense, official documents refer to all kinds of written materials used by party and government organs, enterprises, institutions and social organizations in official activities. The official documents mentioned here refer to the official documents in a narrow sense, mainly referring to the thirteen types of official documents listed in the Measures for Handling Official Documents of State Administrative Organs issued by the State Council. This is a document with magical effect and normative style formed by administrative organs in the process of administrative management, and it is an important tool for administration according to law and official activities.
Second, the main features of official documents: 1. Magic weapon; 2. Policy; 3. Practicality; 4. timeliness; 5. Normative.
III. Basic functions of official documents: 1. Promulgate laws and regulations and convey instructions: 2. Reflect the situation and ask for instructions; 3. Contact work and negotiate official business;
4. Publicity and education; 5. According to the voucher.
4. Document element: 1. Eyebrow part: 2. Main part: 3. Version section.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) official document classification: (1) According to the relationship and direction of writing: write above, write parallel and write below. (2) Classification according to urgency: urgent official documents and ordinary official documents. (3) According to whether there are confidentiality requirements and the classification of aircraft and passengers, it is divided into ordinary documents and confidential documents. (4) According to the different classification of specific functions: regulatory justice, mandatory justice, archived official documents, related official documents and official documents. (5) Classification according to whether the circulation scope is limited: internal documents and publicly released official documents.
4. Choose two of the following five languages for writing practice. (40 points)
(1) notification
(2) Report
(3) Ask for instructions
(4) Letters
(5) Minutes of the meeting
Requirements: the content should be clear and the center should be prominent; The format should be correct and the writing should be standardized; The language should be accurate, concise and appropriate, and the text should be clear.
A:
(1) notification
Notice on convening the training meeting of kindergarten directors in the whole city
Kindergarten:
According to the Work Plan of Preschool Education in Chengdu in 2020, 1 1 month will hold a training meeting for kindergarten directors in the whole city to improve the comprehensive quality of kindergarten directors and the running level of kindergartens in the whole city.
Training time:11.5-1.1.8, three days.
Training place: Chengdu Comprehensive Activity Practice Education Center
Participants: kindergarten directors and deputy directors of the whole city.
Accommodation and transportation expenses shall be uniformly allocated by the county education bureau.
chengdu city bureau of education
202 1 year 1 1 month/day
(3) Ask for instructions
Request for instructions on pre-allocating funds for the construction of experimental teaching buildings in kindergartens
XX county people's government:
The new teaching building of experimental kindergarten in xX county has a construction area of 4,000 square meters, and it needs an investment of 4.8 million yuan. According to the minutes of the special meeting of the Municipal People's Government (2019) No.8, "The experimental kindergarten borrowed 2 million yuan from the county credit cooperative, and the old park was recovered and listed by the county government. All the proceeds from the auction are used for the construction of the new park, and the financial reserve for the construction of the new park is 6.5438+0.2 million yuan. " At present, the teaching building has been capped and is being renovated. By the end of February, 2065438+2008, 2.7 million yuan had been paid for the upfront expenses and the construction project of the construction team.
According to the construction contract, at the end of 20 19, the project payment should be paid1000000 yuan. Because the students in the old park are still in class, they can't move to the auction. In order not to affect the progress of the project, and to ensure that it will be completed in August of 20 19 and put into use in the new semester in September, the county government is requested to allocate another 500,000 yuan for the construction of the new park.
If the above instructions are correct, please check the instructions.
Xx county education bureau
Xx，xx，xx，0xx。