Problem description:
Do you have any information about oak trees? More comprehensive, not so complicated. I'm not satisfied with the answer to the previous question about oak trees. I hope you can give me more information about oak trees. This is my homework because I can't find it myself. So please help me!
Analysis:
Oak trees change color in all seasons, which is suitable for sowing and growing all over the country. One kilogram of seeds, 200 seeds in 6 gardens (Quercus has 5 embryos), and the germination rate is 98%. Suitable for sowing in spring, autumn and winter (new species are most suitable for wet species). What is cork? Cork is actually not wood, but the bark of an oak tree. Well-known wines are first aged in oak barrels and finally stored in wine bottles with corks as corks. Oaks are distributed in many parts of the world, but their bark can only be used as cork under certain geographical conditions-Mediterranean climate. Portugal is called the country on the oak tree, and the oak resources in Portugal have been fully utilized. An oak tree can be peeled when it reaches the age of 10, and then it can be peeled every four years for about 200 years. Of course, there is a prerequisite that after the bark of the oak tree is peeled off, the tree itself will not be affected, and after a period of time, that is, four years, it will restore its original appearance. The excellent physical properties of cork are the fundamental reason why cork is widely used. Observing the cross section of cork under a microscope, we can find that the interior of cork is covered with many honeycomb structures, and the interior of honeycomb is full of air, so cork has good elasticity. Cork itself is very wear-resistant, and now many cylinder pads of engines in various countries are made of cork. In addition, cork is moisture-proof and moth-proof, which can ensure that wine will not pass away with the years in a dark and humid wine cellar. This pure natural material has no harm to human body, so 100 has been widely used in the production of wine and champagne corks for more than years. Later, the Portuguese developed cork wallboard and flooring products with cork. Beijing Capital Library, built in 1932, used the simplest cork floor with a thickness of 1 cm at that time. It was used for 70 years and was not restored until 2000. When the whole library was renovated in 2000, the floor material of the reading room was still cork floor. Amerling Group, Portugal's largest cork producer, has provided it with more than 600 square meters of cork flooring products. With the improvement of living standards, people's demand for environmental protection products is increasing. Cork floor is a natural material, which does not damage the environment, has strong sound absorption, heat insulation and compression resistance, is moth-proof and moisture-proof, and is easy to clean and maintain. At the same time, the unique patterns and colors of cork are elegant and beautiful, which is suitable for floor materials. Europeans have used cork floors and wallboard for a long time. Cork, as a high-grade flooring material, currently accounts for about 5% of the flooring material in Europe. Oak, a deciduous tree, is planted everywhere. It can resist drought, has few pests and grows in hills and hills. There are fruits, commonly known as acorns, also called acorns and chestnuts. The outer skin is hard-shelled, round and reddish brown, and the inner core is like chestnut, which is edible. The ancients also recorded many acorns. Liezi said, "You eat acorns in winter." . "The Book of Jin Zhi Yu Chuan": "The grain is absolutely hungry, so it is advisable to pick up acorns and eat them." . "Han Feizi's Foreign Storage": "Qin is hungry, please ask him: the grass, vegetables, acorns and jujube chestnuts in the five gardens are enough for the people, please send them." These records show that people lived on acorns in famine years. As for literati, it is not uncommon to introduce oak trees. Zhang Ji's "Wild Old Songs" in the Tang Dynasty once said: "At the end of the year, hoe the plow and lean on the empty room, and call the children to climb the mountain to collect acorns." Pi Rixiu also wrote a poem: "The acorns are ripe in late autumn, but the hazel hills are scattered.". Thus, the oak tree has been described. These poems are still being recited today. Although acorns are wild fruits, they are closely related to people's lives. The ancient people used acorns only in the year of famine to satisfy their hunger. With the development of science and social progress, people have developed many uses of rice oak from acorns. Acorn kernel is rich in starch, accounting for about 60%. It can not only be eaten, but also be used to make wine. The output of wine is very high. For every 100 kg of acorn kernel, about 40 kg of 55-degree liquor can be produced. Distiller's grains are also good feed for pigs. Tofu processed by acorn kernel is delicious and sweet. In industry, acorn starch sizing plays a special role, with stable size concentration, strong boiling resistance, no influence of temperature change, uniform sizing in warp and weft, smooth spinning and good elasticity, which can improve cloth yield. It can be seen that oak is still a cash crop, and its role can not be underestimated.
Today, the forest coverage rate in China is only 16. 55%, many barren hills have not been covered with green clothes. In future afforestation activities, we might as well plant more oak trees. The reason is that it can be planted without occupying fertile fields, barren hills and thin sand dunes. It grows rapidly, is drought-resistant, has few pests and does not need special management. Its fruit is easy to preserve, easy to process and widely used, which can belong to cash crops. Once trees become forests, they are suitable for birds to inhabit and reproduce and maintain ecological balance. It can also adjust the local climate and further change people's living environment. It's killing two birds with one stone. Why not? Walking into the oak forest on Mid-Autumn Festival, watching the scenery of oak trees, talking about oak trees and eating acorns brought us a lot of fun. I hope that the oak planting area will be increased next year, just like the bumper harvest of acorns this autumn!
1. Comprehensive utilization of soaking solution;
Hydrolyzed tannin is the raw material for making tannin extract. The production process is as follows:
Soaking the soaking solution in series → precipitating for 24 hours, sucking the supernatant → adding tannin-resistant yeast for fermentation for 24-36 hours → vacuum initial concentration to 20 Be → precipitating for 24 hours → sucking the supernatant → vacuum concentration to 40be→ canning liquid tannin extract. This kind of tannin extract has low purity (mainly high sugar content). According to the international leather powder method, the purity is about 60%, and the tannin content is about 40%), which is only suitable for leather with low tanning requirements or fishing nets. However, as sugar, used in foundry industry, the effect is still good.
2. Comprehensive utilization of residues:
In the initial processing of rubber kernels, a small amount of starch has matured. Due to the incomplete grinding process, the residue still contains about 20% raw starch and mature starch. These residues can make full use of fermentation to make wine, and its production process is: yeast species
residue
Bran koji seed
↓
↓
↓
Liquid test tube
Cooking material
conical flask
↓
↓
↓
conical flask
cool
Three generations of songs
↓
↓
↓
Bullet barrel
Mixed material
In the four generations of music
↓
↓
brewer's yeast
↓
↓
↓
Inoculation → fermentation → distillation → 50℃ liquor.
↓
alcohol
Brewed distiller's grains are sweet because of saccharification and fermentation, which is a good feed.
Acorn nutrition and health care series foods use the antagonistic effect of biological functional factors of acorns on heavy metals such as lead to alleviate and prevent the toxicity of heavy metals to human body, protect human physical and mental health, improve human immunity and improve children's intelligence and development level. In the process of research and development, acorn powder is used as raw material, and its antagonism to heavy metals is the breakthrough. Biological experiments were carried out on W mice, and the changes of heavy metal content in simulated body fluids were analyzed, which proved that the series of foods had obvious antagonistic effect on heavy metals.