2. Social environment: the Song and Yuan Dynasties were relatively open and encouraged the development of science and technology;
3. Education system: the ruling class attaches great importance to the development of education and has established a systematic education system;
4. Foreign policy: the enlightened foreign policy of the rulers is conducive to the development of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries;
5. National unity and integration: it is conducive to cultural exchanges and development of all ethnic groups and regions;
6. Science and technology foundation: The advanced scientific and cultural achievements in Sui and Tang Dynasties laid the foundation for the development of science and technology in Song and Yuan Dynasties.
7. The role of the people: The hard work of the people of all ethnic groups has created a lot of material wealth and spiritual wealth, which is the fundamental reason why ancient science, technology and culture are ahead of the world.
Deriving knowledge points-the expression of scientific and technological development in Song and Yuan Dynasties
1. Movable type printing, which he invented all his life, was more than 400 years earlier than that in Europe, and greatly promoted the progress of China and world civilization.
Second, the Song Dynasty improved the manufacturing technology of gunpowder, improved the military combat effectiveness, and changed the face of the world after it spread to the west.
Three, Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan" is known as "a milestone in the history of science in China", and it is the only historical material that records many scientific and technological achievements in China before and after the Song Dynasty.
Fourthly, Guo Shoujing's "Timing Calendar" in Yuan Dynasty was the most accurate calendar in the world at that time. He measured that the time for the earth to go around the sun is the same as the current Gregorian calendar, but it is more than 300 years earlier than the Gregorian calendar.
5. Li Jie's Architectural Style is the oldest and richest architectural work in China, and it was an encyclopedia of architectural science and technology at that time.