Parents must have a strong sense of responsibility.
Specifically, parents' sense of responsibility should be reflected in the following aspects:
(1) Establish the concept of "building the country through teaching". Children are not only their own children, but also the future of the motherland. It is the responsibility of parents to educate their children well.
(3) Seriously do everything to educate children. Educating children is a long and arduous process. No matter how busy and unhappy parents are, they cannot relax their education. They should guide, help, train and check children according to their physical and mental development needs and actual situation, and correct and supplement them in time if they find any mistakes in education.
2. Parents must have certain scientific and cultural knowledge.
Generally speaking, the higher the knowledge level of parents, the more conducive to the scientific implementation of family education and the cultivation of excellent children. Specifically, parents should especially master the following knowledge:
(1) Basic knowledge of Chinese, mathematics, nature, history and politics.
(2) common sense of sports, music, art, dance, drama and film and television. This knowledge is indispensable for people's entertainment, and it is also an important content for people to exchange ideas and feelings. Children and teenagers are lively by nature, loving body, voice and beauty, but they don't know much about it or understand it. They often ask their parents for help in these areas. If parents don't know anything, children will be disappointed and the common language will be reduced.
(3) knowledge of diet, clothing, residence, tourism and medicine. Only by mastering this knowledge can parents ensure the quality of family life and promote the healthy growth of their children. In addition, this knowledge is also indispensable for children to live independently in the future and can only be mastered through family channels.
Parents must have some knowledge about science children.
If parents don't know the scientific knowledge of educating their children, they may make efforts to please their children and even have a negative effect on their growth. So,
While mastering scientific and cultural knowledge, parents must also learn and master specialized educational knowledge, including the following aspects:
(1) Psychological knowledge. Through the study of teenagers' psychology, we can understand the age characteristics and personality characteristics of children's psychological development, grasp the law of children's psychological changes, and provide basis for education.
(2) Physiological knowledge. By learning the physiological knowledge of teenagers and children, we can understand the knowledge of children's physical development, organ maturity and physique, guide children to eat, sleep, exercise and health care according to the laws of physiological exercise, actively exercise, pay attention to hygiene and improve their physical quality.
(3) knowledge of pedagogy. If you understand that children's physiology and psychology, intelligence and morality are interdependent, you must never ignore the development of one hand for the sake of the development of the other. Another example is to know how to help children understand problems by persuasion and education, and never let children accept the opinions of adults by beating, cursing and giving money.
(4) Talent knowledge. Parents should understand the characteristics of the times and the law of talent growth through talent learning, provide suitable family conditions for their children to become talents, guide their children to strive for success through their own efforts, and develop according to social needs and personal actual needs after they become talents.
4. Parents must have certain educational ability.
Mainly includes the following aspects:
(1) language expression ability.
(2) understand the child's ability.
(3) the ability to analyze and deal with problems. Parents should make an appropriate, objective and timely judgment on the cause, nature, degree and consequences of the problem on the basis of a comprehensive understanding of the situation, and put forward practical and simple ways to get rid of it. For example, analyze the reasons for the decline in children's learning and help him catch up quickly.
Parents must have good psychological quality.
To do a good job in family education, parents should especially improve themselves in the following aspects:
(1) Confidence and courage. Parents should be confident in their ability to educate their children on the basis of objective evaluation of their own quality, family conditions and children's performance, and believe that their children will certainly become talents and make continuous progress. Even if you encounter difficulties, don't be discouraged, but have the courage to overcome them. Some children from poor families, with the guidance and support of their parents, are successful examples.
(2) love and enthusiasm.
(3) Reason and tolerance. Parents should maintain a stable mood, take their time, treat their children objectively and fairly, and calmly deal with difficult problems. We should not only look at the problem from the perspective of adults, but also think about the cause and effect from the perspective of children, forgive children's ignorance and negligence, encourage children in trouble and comfort injured children.
(4) Perseverance and patience. Educating children is a long-term and arduous task, which requires long-term planning and short-term arrangement, perseverance and step by step. Be patient and meticulous, be specific and thoughtful, and don't be careless. If there is any omission, make it up in time.
Of course, good moral quality is also one of the necessary qualities for parents. Parents can only educate and influence their children's progress through their exemplary behavior. If parents' own moral conduct is bad, it is difficult to educate their children well, as Confucius, a famous ancient educator, said: "Being honest and doing things without orders; His body is not straight, although he disobeys.
2. How to carry out moral education for children easily in life?
In fact, when children are young, their moral sense is not strong, and they don't know right or wrong at this time.
Children form their own moral sense from adults' attitudes and body language. The cultivation of moral sense from childhood to adolescence is the key period to shape a healthy personality.
In the long process, it is mainly adults who influence children. Sometimes, adults don't have to say much, but use their own practical actions to influence children.
For example, when you take your child out to play or drive, you throw rubbish casually, which is the impact on your child's morality. The establishment of children's healthy personality is mainly the influence of parents' behavior on children.
The formation of moral character lays the foundation for a healthy personality in the future. Health means not only not being sick physically, but also being healthy physically and mentally.
Different age groups have different health contents. Whether children are integrated into the society or not is the standard for the formation of children's healthy personality, and moral character is included in it.
Sometimes children fall down, and about 1 children learn to walk. Wrestling is a normal process, and parents' attitude is very important. Sometimes, children fall down and parents are afraid, so children are afraid and nervous.
For the influence of children's healthy personality education, parents should do a good job in body language and arrange their lives, and cultivate them bit by bit. When I meet many parents, I often ask: Children love to hit people and catch people. I don't know what to do.
In fact, when children do this for the first time, they don't know that it is wrong. Children aged 65,438+00 months will observe words and look at adults' expressions.
Know the right or wrong of your behavior through the attitude of adults. Therefore, parents should show their attitude to their children when they hit others for the first time.
Quote the answer of the little shell gardener: Do children have a sense of morality? Yes, children's psychological growth is to establish self-awareness from other people's evaluation, and their attitude towards things has progressed from subjective evaluation to objective evaluation.
During this period, parents' words and deeds played an important role in the development of children's character. How can we easily carry out moral education for children in life? Let's listen to Professor Zhang Chungai, a baby tree expert.
3. What are the common problems in children's family education?
1, emphasizing wisdom over morality, education is one-sided. Some parents put too much emphasis on literacy, writing, pinyin and calculation. So-and-so children feel envious when they know hundreds of words, so they compare their children with others and even always complain that their children are more stupid than others.
In fact, the comparison between parents is one-sided, and the idea in this respect is also wrong. This not only hurts children's self-esteem and self-confidence, but also makes them feel inferior more easily.
Our evaluation of children should be affirmation and encouragement, and the comparison should also be the comparison between today's children and yesterday's children, and we do not advocate horizontal comparison with other children. At the same time, the cultivation of children's ability also includes many aspects, such as adaptability to the environment, language expression ability, observation ability, creativity, memory, imagination, attention, sports ability, thinking ability and so on. Literacy and writing are only a trivial aspect.
And from the perspective of multiple intelligences, children always have one or two top intelligences and are good at them. My child may not be very good at this aspect, but on the other hand, it may be his strength. The key is to see if our parents are Bole. As the ancients said, swift horses are common, but bole is not common. Our parents should be Bole, discover and tap the child's strengths and advantages, and let him develop towards his own strengths and intelligence.
In addition, I think it is more important to cultivate children's personality, morality, interest, emotion, will and other non-intellectual factors. They have strong independence, self-confidence and good comprehensive quality. Only by learning to be human can they learn to study better. Therefore, parents with this one-sided education consciousness must carry out scientific quality education for their children in a targeted manner, so as not to let their children become children with high scores and low abilities in the future.
In addition, some parents don't pay much attention to interest in learning guidance. For example, we don't have to write a few pages to read and write. Our parents might as well start from other aspects, such as TV advertisements, trademarks, signboards, pictures and other learned words, which can teach children to read and consolidate, and words and words can also be integrated into stories to explain, or made into word cards.
Mathematics instruction is easier, because there is a lot of mathematics knowledge in real life, and you can contact interesting mathematics knowledge at any time to increase your child's concept of numbers. Also, no matter how busy parents are, it is most important to spend time communicating with their children every day to enhance their feelings.
2. Education is eager for success, demanding immediate results and even encouraging young people. Expectations are too high. In fact, children need our parents to accompany them all the time, and parents should pay attention to every bit. He will suddenly get dressed, take the initiative to find a trash can, change his parents' slippers, help his grandmother pick up vegetables, speak a few incomplete standard Putonghua and express his thoughts to his parents. Parents should praise and encourage these small progress in time. With the encouragement of parents, he will have the motivation to move forward.
Children's self-control ability and behavior ability are not fully mature, and our education can only be gradual and step by step, and we must never ask for immediate results. Setting goals for young children can only be a short-term small goal, and then gradually strengthen it according to the completion.
He can never be expected to grow into a big fat man overnight. For example, to cultivate children's language skills, parents can tell their children stories first, let them listen carefully and answer the questions in the stories, and then gradually let them retell the stories, and then develop them into stories. You can't let children make up their own stories from the beginning.
Education is a rational behavior and must not be encouraged. 3, too tired to love and spoil. Nowadays, parents are generally too tired to love their children, too much protection and too many arrangements.
Going to school means letting parents carry schoolbags, telling them everything, going out to buy things, never giving up until they reach their goals, threatening them with tears, and even threatening them with death. Education is not achieved overnight. Our parents should have a rational love. No matter how unreasonable the child is, we should keep a clear head and know what we are doing.
If you don't realize that a moment's indulgence may hurt your child for life, then you are already hurting him. If children are allowed to be willful, overbearing and spoiled for a long time, it will not only be of no benefit to the cultivation of children's independence, creativity and anti-frustration ability, but also delay their lifelong education.
His survival ability and adaptability will be quite low, and it will be difficult for him to gain a foothold in society in the future. When the child grows up and understands, he will even blame your parents for life.
Australia is a developed country in the west, but the rich in Australia believe that "no matter how rich you are, there must be poor children." Their reason is that spoiled children lack self-control and the ability to live independently, and it is inevitable that they will not suffer big losses when they grow up. They think that when children grow up, they will leave their parents to break into a new world sooner or later. Instead of making them feel scared and helpless in the face of setbacks at that time, it is better to let them wrestle from an early age and "poor" their skills and abilities to face life.
These are what some of our parents should learn and emulate. In addition, in addition to not pampering children too much, we should also pay attention to the fact that parents, grandparents, grandparents and other educational opinions must reach an agreement, and parents who are confused about it cannot criticize and oppose it face to face.
The result can only be to condone the child's bad behavior. 4. Blind jump class The so-called blind jump class means that you have to go to a middle class and a small class, you have to go to a middle class and a large class, and you have to go to the first grade. In fact, this has brought great psychological pressure to children.
Children are young, but they also have self-esteem. After class, children will feel lost because of age, ability and other problems.
For example, a child is outstanding in all aspects of attending the middle class, and the teacher likes him very much. Let him take the lead in everything and be the teacher's little helper. The child has a sense of superiority, so he will make continuous progress in this kind of encouragement and praise. But after the class, due to the gap between age and ability, he no longer has a sense of superiority, and even can't keep up with the class. Over time, they will lose confidence and affect their initiative and enthusiasm for learning.
Moreover, due to the big age gap, some children can't integrate into the new collective, and they are often solitary and easy to form a withdrawn character. The reason of blind jump class is actually the ideological problem of parents.
Parents think that their children are more capable and want them to learn more knowledge. Finally, they want them to learn in the morning. In fact, some parents do not know.
4. What basic qualities do you need to be an excellent preschool teacher?
First, ideological and moral quality: love the cause of early childhood education, love children, and respect the collective and parents.
Second, basic cultural quality: extensive cultural knowledge, solid theoretical foundation of early childhood education, and giving play to the educational strength of children's families and communities. Third, the quality of educational skills: the ability to observe and evaluate (to find their own shortcomings when treating outstanding students and their own bright spots when treating underachievers), the ability to organize, the ability to create and use the environment, the ability to communicate with children, the ability to carry out parent activities in community work, and the ability to develop themselves.
Fourth, the psychological quality of personality: rational, decisive, enterprising, sensitive, optimistic, enthusiastic, diligent, self-respecting, independent, with a wide range of interests. Fifth, physical quality.
If you can do this, you can become an excellent preschool teacher.
5. The importance of preschool teachers' professional quality
Throughout the ages, people praise teachers everywhere, because teachers are not only the disseminators and enlighteners of knowledge, but also the embodiment of civilization and the model of behavior. With the improvement of people's literacy and the gradual emphasis on preschool education, the role of teachers as role models in preschool stage is particularly important. What are the important aspects of teachers' literacy? First, as a teacher, kindergarten teachers themselves are the most authentic living teaching materials.
Early childhood education is basic education and enlightenment education, and kindergarten is the first stop for children to step into society. The first few years of life determine and influence the development of a person's life, which is a critical period for the formation of moral concepts and behavior habits, and kindergarten teachers are the key figures who have an impact on it during this period.
Children in this period have a wide range of interests, strong curiosity, liveliness and good imitation, which is the stage for children to accept external influences and form their personality characteristics. At this stage, the language and behavior of teachers, parents and people around them interact with people all the time, and even have a far-reaching impact on children's future life. Teachers have high prestige in children's hearts, and teachers' words are more important in children's hearts than parents' words. In their eyes, the teacher's every move is an idol to imitate. Teachers' behaviors and words have such a subtle influence on children that no one else can replace them. It is also a prominent feature that preschool teachers are different from other professions. It is a silent education for children to grasp their psychological characteristics and influence and change their bad habits before entering the park with their good living habits, civilized manners, dignified image and appearance. The teacher's words and deeds are an education for children. Therefore, preschool teachers should pay special attention to their own literacy.
In the process of educating others, constantly improve yourself, always remember "being a teacher" and educate every innocent and lively child. Second, love, patience and care, the quality of kindergarten teachers is the level of preschool education.
The quality of preschool teachers should be divided into two aspects, one is the personality cultivation of preschool teachers, and the other is the professional quality of preschool teachers. The two should blend with each other and be naturally and harmoniously embodied in every kindergarten teacher. The quality of each teacher is related to the overall quality of the whole preschool education team, which determines the level of preschool education. Teachers' professional ethics, referred to as "teachers' morality" for short, is the moral standard and code of conduct that teachers and educators must abide by in engaging in educational activities, as well as related moral concepts, thoughts, feelings and moral qualities, and is also the main content of evaluating teachers' quality.
2, pour love, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and be persuasive. Kindergarten teachers face children aged 3-6. Children of this age are naive, active, curious and inattentive, and will put forward many strange and irrelevant ideas and questions, which will directly reflect their interest trends and psychological activities. In the process of children's growth, every little thing in life can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons. As long as you feel and discover with your heart, you can understand your child's psychology.
Kindergarten teachers should not only protect children's personality, but also promote their healthy physical and mental development, develop in an all-round way in moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor aspects, cultivate healthy interests and specialties, set up lofty ideals, and guide and help children to deal with problems and solve contradictions themselves. Cultivating talents is a complex and arduous task. Preschool teachers should first strive to have profound scientific and cultural knowledge, rich common sense of life, broad interests and talents. They should not let themselves have no cultural literacy and knowledge level just because the children they face are naive. In children's eyes, teachers know everything and do everything, which will often arouse children's envy and love and stimulate their interest in learning. The younger the child, the higher the requirements and the more talented he is.
Every child has his innocent and lovely side. If kindergarten teachers can pour their love into every child and teach them well, the children will thrive under the careful care of a caring gardener. Third, rejuvenating the country through science and education has a long way to go, and education reform begins with preschool education.
Since the reform and opening up, rejuvenating the country through science and education, respecting talents and attaching importance to education have become the consensus of the whole people and society. With the continuous improvement of living standards and the change of understanding, parents' psychology of "looking forward to their children's success" and "looking forward to their daughters' success" has formed an atmosphere, and the concern, attention and investment in early education is one of the major changes in recent years.
With the development of society, preschool education in China has also undergone quantitative and qualitative changes. With the change of planned economy, most kindergartens are regarded as welfare institutions and attached to the system of enterprises and institutions; Changing the nature of simply solving employees' worries, the State Education Commission timely put forward the policy of implementing quality education, pointing out that it is important to develop children's early intelligence, but it is more important to cultivate early behavior habits and early ideological and moral cultivation.
Through preschool education, children can have more emotional experience of life and cultivate their excellent basic qualities. Education reform is imperative. The transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education and ability training is a profound educational revolution. Quality education is an important content that runs through the whole education system. Quality education should be started at an early age, and preschool education has become the frontier of education reform in China.
Implementing quality education is not only an ideological revolution and content change in kindergarten education, but also a profound ideological change in family education and social education. What kind of people to train and how to train them have put forward new topics and higher requirements for the whole team of preschool teachers. Traditional teaching and education can be accomplished by preparing lessons and giving lectures, which mainly requires teachers to master more cultural knowledge and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages through examinations. The assessment of quality education is based on children's basic qualities, including body, morality, knowledge, behavior, personality and ability, which is more comprehensive and objective.
Pay attention to children when implementing quality education.
6. How to improve children's quality education
Quality education requires the all-round development of the educated, that is, the all-round and harmonious development of the educated in physiology, psychology, intelligence, morality, aesthetics and society.
It is not good for children's development to emphasize only one aspect of education, or to lead children's interests to develop in a narrow direction too early, while ignoring the cultivation of other aspects of quality. At present, there are still practices in family education that attach importance to talents and neglect "being a man" education.
As parents, we should not take quality education as a slogan, but should set a good example for our children, run quality education through their daily lives, advocate that learning should be closely linked with children's real life, and let children achieve "four skills", that is, learn to recognize, learn to survive, learn to do things and learn to get along with others.
7. The role of children's literature in promoting preschool children's quality education.
Literature is extracted from life, and literary works are the crystallization of human wisdom and emotion.
The existence form and nature of children's literature determine its practicality. It is different from ordinary children's books. Its simple language contains rich scientific, social and humanistic knowledge, and has the intellectual education function of imparting knowledge, developing intelligence, cultivating wisdom and developing thinking ability. There is also the moral education function of cultivating good behavior habits and interests; It also has the aesthetic education function of cultivating temperament and aesthetic taste. It will have an important impact on the education of this age group and the future study and life.
Lay a solid foundation for "the beginning of life", and it will be "natural" later. If you form some bad habits, it will also affect your future development, because the earlier you form bad habits, the harder it is to correct them.
These have long been self-evident truths. Therefore, it is particularly important to make full use of the educational function of children's literature to carry out early education for children.
After all, children are basically irrational and illogical, supported by curiosity and driven by interest. Children's literature, on the other hand, is profound and subtle, purifying one's soul in laughter and laughter, which is precisely to moisten things silently.
This is the strength and ability of children's literature. Therefore, children's literature plays an important role in preschool education.
The cognitive function, educational function and aesthetic function of children's literature are inherently integrated. For the convenience of discussion, let's talk separately. A cognitive function of children's literature (1) is close to scientific curiosity and inquiry in cognition, which is children's nature and the key and source of enlightenment cognition.
Children are in the primary stage of cognition, the tentacles of knowledge extend to any corner that can be touched, and the eyes of exploration tirelessly search for the unknown world. Therefore, it is the inevitable responsibility and content of children's literature writers and children's literature works to interpret the "100,000 whys" in children's minds.
Considering children's limited literacy, kindergarten teachers and parents can read to them. When reading aloud, the expression and tone should echo the context of the text, so that children can concentrate easily when listening. About three and a half years old is a critical period for the development of children's attention, observation and other abilities, as well as the establishment of independence.
Let the children read some illustrated story books by themselves, exercise and cultivate their comprehensive ability at the same time, and teach them to read and know the natural world without losing the opportunity. While telling and reciting works, we should pay attention to cultivating children's understanding of the contents of the works and learning the skills of reciting.
Children's science and technology literature is a work that mainly teaches scientific knowledge. Combine science with literariness, and give people scientific enlightenment and artistic enjoyment with vivid and easy-to-understand language.
Mainly introduce scientific common sense, publicize scientific ideas and methods, and praise scientific achievements. Among them, Wu Chenggu's Turn and Turn, Fang Sheng's scientific fairy tale Little Tadpole Looking for Mother, his children's science poem Our Native Mother and Fan Fajia's children's science poem Home are all excellent works in this respect.
Children feel the charm of science at the same time of cognition. (2) Language intelligence is the premise of cognition. First of all, children's literature and Chinese education are similar in cognitive function, and language function is their intersection.
Strictly speaking, language is the premise of cognition and all social practice. In the cultivation of children's intelligence, the cultivation of language intelligence should be put in the first place, especially the cultivation of oral ability.
Spoken language is a form of language, and both spoken and written language are tools for people to communicate and think. Through oral English, we can exchange ideas, accumulate knowledge and carry out simple thinking activities.
Childhood is the main period to master spoken English. Children's brains develop rapidly and they are very curious. Studies have shown that children before the age of four have amazing language learning ability, which is because children have super memory, which provides convenience for children to master the language as soon as possible.
This is what normal children have, not a genius. Children over the age of ten are poor at learning languages.
Therefore, early childhood is the best time to cultivate language ability. Secondly, China's ancient poems are the most refined and imaginative language in the world, and imagination and * * * are important components of human emotions. No matter the description of natural scenery or human emotion, it is not enough to constitute the ultimate goal of poetry without imagination and rendering.
In kindergarten language activities, besides reciting poems, there are also retelling stories, guessing riddles, looking at pictures and talking. The vivid images and plots in the works can harvest a large number of new words and enrich the language.
We can also develop children's coherent language by inspiring them to write stories themselves, so as to further improve the quality of speech, that is, the accuracy of pronunciation and the expression of emotions, which is also an important means to develop language intelligence. Regarding the role of speech, Mr. Chen Heqin, a pioneer of early childhood education in China, pointed out: "Speech is one of the main factors for human beings to establish social relations. With the help of language, people can exchange ideas.
Although pictures and words are also very important in the communication of social relations, the simplest and most basic tool is speech. "In daily life, children often encounter problems. When thinking and asking questions, they can't do without the help of language, such as: "What is this? Why is this? What is that? Why is this? "Wait, sometimes adults will be at a loss.
Generally speaking, the better the language development, the stronger the thirst for knowledge, the faster the knowledge accumulation and the better the intellectual development. It also has a great influence on the formation of children's personality.
Children with good language development often have the advantages of being lively, cheerful, active in thinking and strong in communication skills; Poor language development is the opposite. This shows that children's oral ability is directly related to psychological or mental health problems. At present, mental health has surpassed physical health and become the biggest and most intractable problem of human health. There are many reasons for people's mental health problems, one of which is language barrier or poor language ability.
Therefore, language education and the cultivation of oral ability are the prerequisites for cultivating cognitive ability. The Enlightenment of Children's Literature on Moral Quality (I) The Moral Education Function of Children's Literature on Children's Moral Quality.