Man's naturalness means that man is a natural being with natural attributes. People's sociality means that people are social people and have social attributes. In a word, man is both natural and social, and is the unity of nature and society. The viewpoint of the unity of humanity and sociality is the starting point of science education. In order to cultivate people, education must be based on the needs of social relations and carried out in social relations. At the same time, education should also attach importance to human nature and carry out education according to the law of human development. ?
2. Man is the unity of passivity and initiative. ?
People's passivity means that people's survival and development are not only restricted by their own conditions and natural environment, but also by social environment. What direction, how and to what extent people develop are all restricted by natural and social conditions. Human initiative means that people can develop themselves according to their own subjective wishes. Man's initiative is embodied in three aspects: the purpose, planning and foresight of subject activities, the selectivity of subject activities and the creativity of subject. ?
In a word, man has both passivity and initiative, and he is both subject and object, which is the unity of the two. ?
People's passivity is the premise and foundation of initiative, but fundamentally speaking, human nature lies in people's initiative. The unified view of people's passivity and initiative is the objective basis of the view of science education. On the basis of attaching importance to social conditions and the role of education in human development, we should also combine education with people's conscious enthusiasm. Education must fully consider people's subjective initiative, taking students as both the object and the main body of educational activities; We should not only play the leading role of educators, but also respect the subjective initiative of the educated. ?
4. People are the unity of generality and individuality. The commonness of human beings refers to the characteristics that exist in the general characteristics of human beings and run through all historical stages, which make people and animals have essential differences. Personality is the sum of the attributes or characteristics of a single person, which shows the particularity of a person different from others. The viewpoint of the unity of human generality and individuality requires that in education, on the one hand, we should adhere to the unified educational requirements so that every student can get all-round development; On the other hand, on the basis of all-round personal development, we should persist in giving full play to our personal specialties.