(1) domestic Ding Xingfu 200 1 published;

A. the relative separation of teachers and students in time and space.

B based on the development and application of various educational technologies and media resources.

C. organized and implemented by various schools or other social institutions.

D. Students teach themselves and teachers teach themselves. Education and students realize the connection, interaction and integration of teaching and learning behavior through two-way communication.

(2) Keegn abroad:

A. In the whole process of teaching and learning, teachers and students are relatively separated;

B. Educational organizations influence students' learning by planning and preparing learning materials and providing support and help services to students;

C. Use various technical media-print media, audio-visual media and computer media to connect teachers and students, and take it as the carrier of course content;

D. Provide two-way communication, encourage students to exchange dialogues at home and benefit from the dialogue;

E. There will be no permanent study group during the whole learning process. Therefore, people usually do self-study not in groups but as individuals, and it is possible to hold necessary meetings for teaching purposes or social needs.

Second, e-learning:

E-Learning refers to the activities of learning and teaching through digital means such as computers and networks. IT makes full use of the learning environment provided by IT technology and realizes a new learning mode with brand-new communication mechanism and abundant resources. E-learning provides learning anytime and anywhere, thus making lifelong learning possible.

Third, online education:

The so-called online education refers to giving full play to the various educational functions of the network and the advantages of rich online educational resources under the guidance of modern educational ideas and learning theories, providing educators and learners with an online teaching and learning environment, transmitting digital content, and carrying out learner-centered non-face-to-face educational activities.

Verb (short for verb) Open education:

Open education is relative to closed education. Its basic characteristics are: students and learning are the center, not teachers, schools and teaching; Adopt a variety of teaching methods and means; Cancel and break through all kinds of restrictions and obstacles in learning. The essence of open education is that everyone has the right to receive education for life, which not only means the opening of educational objects, but more importantly, the opening of educational ideas, educational resources and educational processes. Open education can be carried out under the conditions of distance education or face-to-face teaching, but distance education is more suitable for realizing open education than face-to-face teaching.

(2) The connection and difference between traditional education and distance education.

Three representative viewpoints have analyzed the connection and difference between traditional education and distance education:

(1) Ke Dewei's educational type "four points". Divide all education into four types: education at the same time and place; Education at different times and in the same place; Education in different places at the same time; Hunger education in different time and place. Only through teaching and learning at different times and places can we know pure distance education. (2) Moore's theory of two families in education. A family is a traditional face-to-face teaching. In this educational activity, teachers and students are in the same physical time and space. Family b is distance learning. The separation between teachers and students is its basic feature. Therefore, the communication between teachers and students needs the help of mechanical or electronic media. (3) Holmberg's point of view. The biggest feature of traditional education is "continuous face-to-face teaching", while distance education is non-traditional education, that is, discontinuous face-to-face teaching. Distance education is an education with learners as the main body and educational technology as the means. From these two points, this paper analyzes the connection and difference between distance education and traditional education, and understands the characteristics of distance education.

1. Distance education takes learners as the main body.

In the traditional educational practice, due to the limitation of form and method, it can not be fully reflected. The development of modern educational technology has changed the mode and concept of traditional education. In distance education, teachers and students are in a state of separation or quasi-separation, which has changed from the leader in traditional education to the available educational resources and has become a combination factor in audio-visual teaching materials; Learners have also changed from the object of education to the selector and user of educational resources. Distance education can share learning resources around the world, which greatly enriches learning, and learning is learners' active choice.

2. With the development of multimedia technology, the design of multimedia distance learning materials is more personalized.

Diversification, diversification and multi-level needs of learning subjects; The special requirements of different learning subjects for learning time and space, and the requirements of human physiological development, aging degree and cognitive characteristics for the demonstration methods and time of learning materials; The requirements of virtual learning environment for learning content; Selection and comprehensive application of learning media by learning content and learning process; The development characteristics of people's cognition, ability and emotion adapt to the form and process of distance learning, as well as the comprehensive evaluation of learning effect and so on.

3. Distance education focuses on learning support for learners.

Different from traditional education, distance education is characterized by individualization of learning. Learning is controlled by learners, and the design of learning process should pay special attention to the design of learning support for learners. First of all, there should be a more detailed personal details guide. Highlight the learning objectives, key points and difficulties, and guide how to effectively control the learning process and allocate the time of learning resources. The second is to cultivate learning ability. Different learning skills should be adopted in learning different contents, and how to effectively carry out autonomous learning, group learning and teacher-based learning. This requires various ways and forms of interaction design between teachers and students and between learners. The third is to help learners learn to adjust themselves. Learners should learn to evaluate themselves and adjust their goals, contents, methods and progress in time according to the feedback, so as to make learning more in line with individual characteristics.