From the perspective of school management, the "3+ 1+2" scheme can effectively alleviate the problems of teachers and serious lack of execution in the implementation of the new college entrance examination in middle schools, which is conducive to the middle schools to carry out their work better and more effectively in the process of selecting exams.
From the perspective of promoting the implementation of the new college entrance examination, the 3+ 1+2 scheme can effectively block the phenomenon that students abandon physics for utility, which is of great benefit to the national reserve of talents in basic disciplines.
Therefore, generally speaking, the 3+ 1+2 scheme of the new college entrance examination may not be satisfactory, but it is the "best" scheme at present. 3+ 1+2 scheme can help middle schools and universities to better cope with the new college entrance examination and gradually promote it.
Whether it is reasonable or not needs to be tested during operation. Personally, I think it will be at least more reasonable than the "3+3" model.
Under the mode of "3+ 1+2" in Guangdong new college entrance examination, the candidates only have the combination of 12:
1, Chinese, Mathematics, Foreign Languages, Physics, Biology, Chemistry
2. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, physics, biology and geography.
3. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, physics, biology and politics.
4. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, physics, chemistry and geography.
5. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, physics, chemistry and politics.
6. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, physics, geography and politics.
7. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, history, biology and chemistry.
8. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, history, biology and geography.
9. Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, history, biology and politics.
10, Chinese, Mathematics, Foreign Languages, History, Chemistry, Geography
1 1, Chinese, Mathematics, Foreign Languages, History, Chemistry, Politics
12, Chinese, Mathematics, Foreign Languages, History, Geography, Politics
In the previous 3+3 model, we found that many candidates would give up physics, which inadvertently brought about the helplessness of college students' choice, and the latest data showed that the majors that needed physics were the most.
Before, Zhejiang made corresponding countermeasures and put forward the system of "assigning points":
Zhejiang Province Grading Examination Score Table (20 17)
The purpose of assigning marks is actually to solve the problem of choosing less physics. But from the actual effect, it is not obvious.
In fact, students have no choice but to choose physics. After all, physics is the most difficult of these subjects, but the score is the same! The choice of "ideal and reality" is also a more realistic and reasonable choice!
In fact, fewer people choose physics, so the proportion of people with high scores will be small, so if the proportion of people who choose other subjects is large, then there will be more people with high scores! More places will be more attractive to many people, because the number of people is small, and most people who choose physics should be better at learning, so more people have no confidence to compete with them, so they choose to give up physics. I think it makes sense.
I think the reform method in Guangdong this time is still relatively good. Physics and history are directly fixed, so for some students who are partial to arts and sciences, these two subjects can't be bypassed and are relatively fairer.
I have to say that Guangdong's plan is an improvement. It is to learn from the experience and lessons of Zhejiang and other provinces, and listen to the social demands and expert suggestions, which is conducive to the development of the new college entrance examination reform in a good direction!
1. What is the rationality of the new college entrance examination scheme in Guangdong?
Although Guangdong has not disclosed the specific details of the new scheme, it is speculated that physics and history should be included in the total score with the original score. The rationality of this scheme lies in:
1, which is conducive to ensuring the number of students taking physics courses: the biggest advantage of this scheme is that it can make middle school students dare to choose physics. Under the graded scoring model, many students are not unwilling to learn physics, nor can they learn physics well, but are afraid to choose physics for fear of becoming a victim of the scoring system. In the new scheme, physics and history are included in the total score, which is helpful for students to choose physics, thus changing the phenomenon of abandoning physics.
2. It is conducive to respecting students' personality choices: Although many people miss the "old college entrance examination", in fact, there are many drawbacks in the liberal arts division of the old college entrance examination. It is beneficial for students to choose according to their hobbies and specialties, which is also the original intention of the new college entrance examination reform.
Although under the new scheme, it is not excluded that some students will choose history instead of physics, which is very normal and in line with the original intention of the reform. Not every student needs to study history, and not every student can learn physics well. In addition to physics, adding a history, one more choice and several more combinations is beneficial to the development of students. For example, if students want to be doctors in the future, they can choose the combination of history, chemistry and biology, which can not only avoid the result that they can't go to an ideal university because of poor physics, but also realize their dreams. This has to be said to be a kind of progress.
2. What are the irrationalities of Guangdong's new college entrance examination scheme?
In principle, every scheme will not be absolutely perfect, and advantages and disadvantages coexist! Although the new scheme makes up for some disadvantages of the old scheme, many problems have not been exposed because it has not been implemented. The ideal is full, and the reality is very skinny. It is not excluded that other problems will be exposed in practice.
At present, the most unreasonable thing is that physics and history cannot be tested at the same time, which is really unfair to students who are good at physics and history. As a history teacher, I know that many students who get good grades in physics in reality also get good grades in history. They prefer studying history to politics or even biology.
This problem is obvious and should not be difficult to solve. It is nothing more than a set of physics and history papers. I hope it can be made up before the official document is issued.
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In fact, the division of arts and sciences is the most reasonable. Speaking of the most essential question, is it to cultivate all-rounders or specialists? Nowadays, the specialization and refinement of various disciplines are becoming more and more obvious, and it is unrealistic to train all-round talents. I think the college entrance examination itself is a mistake, regardless of arts and sciences. Choose historical biochemistry to report to the chemistry major, and then history will be useless after college and graduation. Choose history and political chemistry, and enroll in the history major. What's the use of studying chemistry after graduation from college? On the contrary, it has dragged down the study of history and interdisciplinary subjects, and those who study history can't understand the map of geography. Isn't that funny? In fact, liberal arts, politics, history and geography complement each other. When talking about the political system, should we talk about the history of the formation of the system? Should we use dialectical materialism and historical materialism when talking about history? You can read the historical map, right? Speaking of regional geography and human geography, it should also involve politics and history, right?
Under the background of national reform, Guangdong's reform is still relatively good. Although I don't agree, it's useless. Reform won't stop just because you oppose it alone. Guangdong's reform has made history rather than politics a choice, which has made great progress, and the reasons need not be said. In addition, taking physics as a choice is really good for cultivating high-tech talents in the future.
According to past history, it takes about ten years for a college entrance examination reform to be successful or not. Perhaps it is not surprising that the college entrance examination will be divided into arts and sciences.
Chinese, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology+English (academic level)
China English Politics History Geography+Mathematics (Academic Level)
How about this model?
On June 7th, 2065438+08, 18, Wang Chuang, deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education, revealed that the new college entrance examination mode in Guangdong Province was "3+ 1+2".
"3" refers to three compulsory subjects: Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages; "1" means required for physics and history; "2" means to choose two subjects in politics, geography, chemistry, biology, technology, physical education, art and so on. There are six subjects in the college entrance examination.
In response, the staff of Guangdong Education Examinations Institute responded that the relevant plan has not yet been finalized, and the specific plan content is still under consideration. "The final plan still has to wait for the official news released by the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Examinations Institute."
Experts in the industry generally believe that the "3+ 1+2" model makes up for the problems existing in the "3+3" model to some extent.
On September 20 14, the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of Examination Enrollment System" was published, which marked the acceleration of the new round of college entrance examination reform in China. Zhejiang Province took the lead in introducing the reform plan, and the examination mode was determined as "3+3" mode, that is, the compulsory subjects of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages remained unchanged, and the selected subjects were "3 out of 7", and politics, history, geography, physics, culture, biology and technology were selected. However, the problems in the reform have gradually emerged. In the 20 17 college entrance examination, there were 2913,000 candidates in Zhejiang province, and only 80,000 people chose physics, which dropped sharply.
Physics is the basic discipline of natural science and the leading discipline of modern high-tech progress. It is widely used, closely linked with life and production, and promotes the development of information, energy, aerospace, materials, transportation and other fields. In a word, physics is an indispensable subject.
The "3+ 1+2" model is more reasonable: first, physics and history are compulsory subjects to avoid the decline of scientific literacy such as physics; Secondly, it solves the problem of insufficient discrimination; Third, the problem that the original score of the same subject is incomparable is alleviated because of different difficulties.
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Without reforming the total score admission mode, no matter how the college entrance examination subjects are adjusted, it will not reverse the exam-oriented education and reduce the burden on students.
There are many unsuitable problems in the 3+3 college entrance examination reform scheme that has been piloted in Zhejiang and Shanghai. Therefore, when Guangdong and other countries push forward the reform of the new college entrance examination, it is completely understandable to make appropriate adjustments to the previously announced 3+3 plan. However, in order to make the reform plan of college entrance examination more perfect and secure, it is necessary to announce the preliminary plan to the society, listen to opinions extensively, brainstorm ideas and make scientific and democratic decisions.
Judging from the information currently available, students have too many choices for 3+6 (or 3+7) subject combinations (6+3 20 combinations and 7+3 35 combinations), which leads to a series of problems, such as utilitarian choice of subjects, unbalanced choice of subjects, and backward school conditions. The provinces that started the new college entrance examination reform this year are ready to adjust the original 3+3 plan. Implement 3+2+ 1 scheme (previously, media reported that Jiangsu was going to implement 3+2+ 1 scheme) or 3+ 1+2 scheme (media reported that Liaoning would implement 3+ 1+2 scheme), and finally choose 3+ 1+2 scheme. In the 3+ 1+2 scheme, except for the three indexes, 1+2 means that among the other six subjects, all students choose one physics class or history class, and then two chemical, biological and political geography classes. With the implementation of the 3+ 1+2 scheme, candidates will have 12 subjects to choose from.
3+ 1+2 scheme is not better than 3+3 scheme. Previously, public opinion questioned that high schools implemented packaged teaching for 3+3 subject combinations due to teachers, courses, venues and students' autonomous learning ability, while 3+ 1+2 meant limiting students to 10 in the original 20 combinations. In addition, it is stipulated that students must choose physics or history, which is inconsistent with the spirit of canceling the division of arts and sciences in the overall plan of the national college entrance examination reform, or implementing the basic division of arts and sciences; The "3+ 1+2" scheme gives students 12 combinations to choose from, but 8 kinds are less than 20 kinds of choices, so the history of physics cannot be selected together. Because some provinces implement the 3+3 scheme and some provinces implement the 3+ 1+2 scheme, the enrollment standards of the same major in colleges and universities in various provinces will become chaotic. Some arts and sciences do not enroll students according to elective subjects, while others enroll students according to liberal arts.
In fact, the problems existing in the pilot before the 3+3 program can be solved by stipulating the number of examinations, adjusting the examination level, and standardizing the requirements of the subjects selected for college enrollment majors. For example, college enrollment majors only require three subjects, some require a physics course, and some require a history course, which can guide students to choose subjects rationally.
Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the 3+3, 3+ 1+2 and 3+2+ 1 schemes, and openly discuss their advantages and disadvantages, rather than being unilaterally decided by the education examination department.
More importantly, whether the subject combination of 3+2+ 1 or 3+ 1+2 is implemented, it is subject adjustment, and the total score admission mode has not changed, so it is impossible to reverse the examination-oriented tendency of basic education. This is also the root cause of many problems in the 3+3 program, which leads to other problems instead of reflecting the reform values such as non-separation of subjects, multiple examinations and grading.
Practice has proved that the reform of college entrance examination must promote the reform of separation of recruitment, especially break through the admission mode based on total score. If we don't reform the admission system and only adjust the examination subjects, the value and significance of the reform are not great. Therefore, when designing the reform plan of college entrance examination, all provinces should focus on how to break through the admission system, and must intensify the reform of independent enrollment and comprehensive quality evaluation. The Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10 ~ 2020) promulgated on 2010 points out that the method of relatively separating enrollment from examination should be explored in accordance with the principles of scientifically selecting talents, promoting students' healthy development and maintaining social equity, and gradually formed by macro-management of the government, organization and implementation of professional institutions, independent enrollment of schools according to law and multiple choices of students. This should be the direction of college entrance examination reform.
The "3+ 1+2" mode of Guangdong college entrance examination is the most outstanding feature, which strengthens the discipline weight of physics and history, and partially eliminates the disadvantages of "grading" competition.
We can still see the shadow of the division of arts and sciences, which can be regarded as a transitional form in the process of "college entrance examination reform"
For the majority of candidates, whether it is "3+3" or "3+ 1+2", they should have a clear future plan, and pay special attention to the restrictions of university majors on disciplines; Secondly, candidates should proceed from their own reality and make it clear that "achievement" is the only "advanced" indicator. No matter how high the coverage of subjects is, they still have to choose subjects with high grades. Because if the results don't go up, you won't pass the college entrance examination batch line, and the rest will naturally become impossible.
I hope my answer is helpful to you!
I think we can do this: 3+ synthesis. That is to say, in addition to math and English, the fourth subject is comprehensive, with a total score of 600, which can contain any knowledge. Put all the contents of the other six subjects, even the written tests of physical education, fine arts and other subjects, and then candidates only need to write what they know. If not, don't write. This will ensure that no matter how the candidates choose their subjects, they will test what they are good at. It is not excluded that some people are full of energy and can learn all subjects well. In this way, it is really the survival of the fittest. There is no skill at all, just show your talents directly. Xueba can get more than 500 points, while ordinary students can get 300 to 400 points.
Zhejiang and Shanghai, as the first batch of new college entrance examination reform areas, have implemented the "3+3 plan", but there are also some problems.
For example:
1, many students who abandoned the physics exam caused many problems in college enrollment. After that, the government set a minimum amount of protection.
2. There are too many combinations and students have too many choices. First of all, not every school has the conditions to be fully open. Secondly, school management is more difficult.
For students and parents, the more choices, the more painful it is, and they don't know how to choose.
Compared with the "3+3" scheme, the "3+ 1+2" scheme seems to be "backward", but:
1, set up compulsory physics or history, which is basically consistent with the original core of science and liberal arts, ensuring the docking of university training;
2. There are 20 combinations of "3+3", and "3+ 1+2" is the combination of 12, which reduces the pressure on schools, parents and students.
1. Pave the way for the elite
With the rapid development of science and technology today, physics is indispensable. Physics is the first choice for students with really good grades. First, they have many majors and a bright future, and they will screen out real elites and select top scientific and technological talents for the country. Educational resources will also tilt towards these people. The polarization of education will be more obvious.
2. Dazhong porridge
Judging from a wide range of students, especially junior high schools, the quality of students is poor, and students in these schools choose history on a large scale. For these students, choosing history has a greater chance of being admitted to the university. However, the choice of majors is greatly limited, and high-end top majors are rarely open to them. On the one hand, this leads to the imbalance of teachers in the school, on the other hand, it leads to the further increase of educational resources obtained by these students.