Emile was written by Rousseau, a famous French enlightenment thinker. When it was published, it caused a sensation in France and some bourgeois countries in western Europe and had a great influence. This book is not only Rousseau's monograph on bourgeois education, but also his masterpiece on bourgeois social and political thought. Emile is a work by Rousseau who opposed the feudal education system and expounded his bourgeois education thoughts by educating Emile, his supposed educational object.
This book is divided into five volumes. In each volume, Rousseau put forward the principles, contents and methods of educating children of different ages according to their age.
In the first volume, it focuses on how to carry out physical education for infants before the age of two, so that children can develop naturally.
In the second volume, he thinks that children between the ages of two and twelve are still asleep and lack thinking ability, so he advocates sensory education for children in this period.
In the third volume, he thinks that teenagers aged 12 to 15 have already had some experience through sensory perception, so he mainly discusses their intellectual education.
In the fourth volume, he thinks that1young people between the ages of 5 and 20 begin to enter the society, so he mainly discusses their moral education.
In the fifth volume, he thinks that Young Men and Women mainly discusses the education of women and the love education of young men and women because of the needs of natural development.
Rousseau's idea of education by stages according to the characteristics of the times is undoubtedly a great progress in the history of education, which provides valuable enlightenment to the later development of bourgeois pedagogy, especially to the development of educational psychology. However, it should be pointed out that this phased teaching method, which separates physical education, intellectual education and moral education, is unscientific.
It is precisely because of Rousseau's educational scene and the epoch-making significance of his educational thought that Emile is also called "Children's Charter and Declaration of Children's Rights in the History of Education".
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