As a pioneer of modern education in China, Tao Xingzhi devoted his life to the research of educational theory and practice. His educational thought is his understanding of the needs of education and society, the development, function and significance of man as the main body of society.

Keywords Tao Xingzhi; Educational thought

Abstract Tao, as a pioneer of modern education theory and practice in China, devoted himself to education all his life. His educational thoughts have an understanding of the experience, function and significance of life accumulated by education and social needs and human development as a social subject in his study and practice.

Keywords Tao; Educational thought

First, the thought of civilian education

Tao Xingzhi advocates saving the country through education, and he has begun to realize the significance of education to ordinary people. Tao Xingzhi took a positive action and took the first step, because Tao Xingzhi was deeply influenced by western democracy. The previous education movements were all top-down reforms, led by senior intellectuals and officials, which led to a lack of in-depth understanding of the current education situation in China, which made the educational activities promoted among ordinary people mainly concentrated in cities, ignoring the strength of the masses throughout the country and their urgent desire for education. The promotion of education movements became a way of coercion and oppression. Tao Xingzhi even said? Coercion is a necessary procedure? . However, Tao Xingzhi's educational reform experience also laid a strong ideological foundation for him, prompting him to take education as the center and combine human development factors, which was in line with the reality of educational reform at that time.

Second, rural education thought

In Tao Xingzhi's rural education thought, he hoped that rural education could help people get rich, enlighten people's wisdom, enjoy civil rights and protect the nation. He proposed that education should cooperate with politics and transform life by means of education. He not only emphasized the central position of education, but also integrated education into life, resolutely opposed Japanese imperialist aggression, and tried to awaken the people through education, unite the Chinese nation and drive the Japanese invaders out of China. Secondly, Tao Xingzhi vigorously set up education, which promoted the development of education in rural areas, and the glory of his rural education thought still exists today. It is the first time in the history of education in China that all the children and grandchildren of the working people have the opportunity to receive education, combining physical labor with learning knowledge. Thirdly, Tao Xingzhi also believes that morality is very important to both students and teachers. He believes that teachers can only be called teachers if they have noble moral qualities, and they should set a good example for students by their own actions. They should also actively change the status quo of rural areas in China and shoulder the responsibility of rekindling national hopes. Teachers are not only professors of knowledge, but also guides of students and forgers of self-cultivation. Teachers should set up students' correct values as their primary task. Fourthly, Tao Xingzhi proposed to make rural education more scientific, emphasizing the popularization and practice of science and practice in rural areas. Tao Xingzhi changed China's traditional private school education model based on the Four Books and Five Classics, and created a new situation of going out of the countryside scientifically. Through teaching experiments, he helped farmers to carry out productive labor, armed their minds with science, solved problems for them and broadened their horizons.

Tao Xingzhi felt that China, as an agricultural country with an agricultural population of 85%, and the peasants, as the lowest class of the country, were ruthlessly oppressed and destroyed, creating materials but not enjoying them, and being deprived of the right to education. He deeply deplores the miserable experience of the working people in China, and hopes to change the rural areas of China and rural education through his own educational practice.

Third, popularize the concept of education

Tao Xingzhi organized various national disaster education and national salvation associations. He hopes to integrate the efforts of the whole people, spread the great crisis facing the Chinese nation, promote military courses, medical training and other courses in the engineering corps, and advocate everyone to help each other, defend the country, brainstorm and seek ways to save the country, regardless of personal gains and losses. Second, the content of universal education has changed from simply teaching Chinese characters and active literacy to enriching educational content, making educational ideas more profound and lasting; Thirdly, based on the current situation in China at that time, Tao Xingzhi knew that China was poor and backward at that time, and his education must be deeply rooted among the poor people. He set out to write "Popularize Education, Learn Military Training", under the guidance of carrying forward the spirit of military training, overcoming all kinds of difficulties and sufferings and benefiting many people with very little money. Fourth, because the people's anti-Japanese enthusiasm was ignited at that time, universal education, as a measure with broad appeal, mobilized the people of the whole country, forming a situation in which knowledge is transmitted immediately, knowledge is for the public, three people must have my teacher, everyone is willing to teach and everyone is eager to learn. Fifth, Tao Xingzhi attaches great importance to integrating the popularization of science into the time activities of life, and advocates that everyone should base themselves on society, change society through productive labor and contribute to the development of society. In social activities, we should make full use of the power of science to promote production and life, grasp production, unite and draw strength, work together, defend ourselves, defend the country and cherish the fruits of victory.

Fourthly, the educational thought of special talents.

The special talents in China are dying out because of the invasion, so it is urgent to establish a Yucai school. Only by uniting the whole people can China be saved, and education can serve the working people. Tao Xingzhi also attaches importance to cultivating students' collective concept. He wants the students of Yucai School to be educated? Grow into a hero culture war group? . Whenever the enemy attacks, they can calmly deal with it and resolutely refuse to be traitors. Only when the country is strong and the people are United can the Chinese nation truly stand up and education in China truly develop. Second, the increasingly severe situation of the war of resistance against Japan has made the voice of the national democratic revolution stronger and stronger. At this time, Tao Xingzhi became more and more political and ideological. Third, as the deepening and supplement of universal education, the education of special talents has opened up a new way.

Tao Xingzhi regards the education of special talents as an inseparable combination of founding education and anti-Japanese war education. The war of resistance is the primary task, and the founding of the country is not far away. In Yucai School, children with special abilities are trained and educated according to the principles and methods of life education, so that they can contribute to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and later national construction. In the war against aggression, it is useless to help a child in the war to solve the fundamental problem. Only by vigorously setting up schools to train talents can more Chinese descendants become talents who benefit the people and the country.

As a pioneer of modern education in China, Tao Xingzhi devoted his life to teaching.

Educational theory and practice research, his educational thought is his understanding of education and social needs, the development, function and significance of life as a social subject, which is accumulated in his study and practice. Facing the turbulent domestic situation at that time, Ju Tao Xingzhi did not choose to escape, but chose to face the challenge directly, explore the educational road of saving the country and conduct experiments. Tao Xingzhi's educational thought is epochal, phased and inherited, which reflects his great contribution to China's education.

refer to

[1] life education [A]. Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi (Volume II) [M]. Hunan Education Press, 1985.

[2] Follow-up [A]. Complete Works of Tao Xingzhi (Volume I) [M]. Hunan Education Press, 1984

[3] Compilation of Documents of the First National Education Work Conference of the Ministry of Education [M] Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1999

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