Behavior forms habits, habits determine quality, and quality determines fate.
In the new school year, we will take the cultivation of students' good habits as a powerful starting point for the school to carry out moral education, take the "Double Ten Habits" proposed by the Municipal Bureau as the main content, start from the details and start from now on, and carry out the education of students' civilized habits in a down-to-earth and fruitful manner.
1, what is the habit?
Habit is not a general behavior, but a rigid behavior. It is a way of life such as language, behavior and thinking, which is cultivated through repeated training. It is a series of conditioned reflex established in human mind.
Psychologically speaking, once behavior becomes a habit, it will become a need of people. In this case again, you will do it without thinking. If you don't do this, you will feel very uncomfortable. This shows that the behavior has been relatively stable and has the function of automation. You don't need supervision, reminder or your own will to work hard. It is a natural action that saves time and effort, commonly known as "habit becomes nature". Brushing your teeth in the morning can only be called behavior, not habit. Without thinking about it after getting up, I will automatically pick up my toothbrush and brush my teeth. If you don't brush your teeth, you will feel your mouth twisted, and this kind of brushing will become a habit.
2. The critical period of cultivating good habits: kindergarten and primary school.
Primary school is the key period to cultivate habits, and grade one or two is the best period. According to research, it is much more difficult to cultivate habits in junior high school. Once bad habits are formed, it is much more difficult to correct them.
Confucius, the originator of China education, also expounded the importance of forming habits from childhood: "Less becomes nature, and habits become nature." Good habits are formed from childhood, and good quality is as indestructible as nature. Sun Yunxiao, deputy director of China Youth Research Center, once said that successful education begins with the formation of habits. The core of education is not only to impart knowledge, but to learn to be a man. Habit is the capital that one stores in the nervous system. If a person develops a good habit, he will never use up its interest all his life. Get into bad habits and never pay off your debts. Mr. Cai Yuanpei once said: "Educators are also the cause of cultivating personality." Mr. Ye Shengtao, a great educator in China, said, "What is education? Simply put, it is a word, that is, to develop good habits. " Rosso, a famous American philosopher, once said, "The happiness of life lies in the cultivation of good habits." The core of education is to cultivate people's healthy personality, which should start with cultivating good behavior habits. Pupils are the key period to develop behavior habits. In educational practice, we should help primary school students develop good behavior habits through various effective ways.
Second, the content of habit formation education:
Pupils' habit formation education mainly includes two aspects: study habits and behavior habits, and puts forward ten requirements respectively, which is referred to as "double ten habits" for short. The details are as follows:
(A) Primary school students study habits to develop educational content
Requirements for the refinement of project importance objectives
1. Learn the habit of listening How to listen to others' opinions is an important learning skill. In class, students can actively and effectively participate in the learning process by listening to teachers' speeches and classmates' speeches, thus ensuring the effectiveness of classroom activities. 1, don't fiddle in class, don't play with toys and school supplies, and don't do things unrelated to study. Listen carefully to other students' speeches to see if they are correct and have anything to add. 3. Listen to the teacher and practice seriously as required.
2. Thinking habits are good at thinking, which mainly refers to the thinking methods and thinking qualities reflected in the learning process. It is conducive to improving the quality of learning, cultivating people's ability, especially enhancing people's ability to discover, invent and create. 4. Listen carefully in class, think seriously and speak actively. 5. Be good at discovering, express your opinions boldly, and ask the teacher for advice if you don't understand. 6. Preview the knowledge before class, and mark the questions you don't understand in advance.
3. The habit of daring to ask questions "Asking a question is more important than solving a problem". Being able to ask questions is the performance of active learning and the beginning of innovation. The new curriculum teaching pays special attention to cultivating students' habit of asking questions. 7. Be diligent in thinking, dare to question, communicate with others, and be not afraid of making mistakes. 8. When speaking, stand up straight, articulate and speak Mandarin loudly.
4. Habit of cooperation with others Cooperative learning is an important way for students in the 20th century. Cooperative learning is conducive to cultivating students' cooperative spirit, team concept and communication ability, and will spark innovation in the collision of ideas. 9. Actively cooperate with classmates and teachers, learn to express their views and opinions, and solve problems together. 10, when communicating with classmates, we should respect other people's opinions and opinions.
5. Independent reading Habitual reading is an important way of cultural accumulation and construction, which is of great significance to human development. 1 1. Develop the good habit of thinking while reading, sketching in circles and writing reading notes, and pay attention to the accumulation of knowledge. 12, willing to read, willing to make friends with books, and form a good habit of reading. 13. Don't read unhealthy books, unhealthy CDs and unhealthy websites. 14. Take care of books and don't scribble on public books.
6. The habit of writing carefully. Writing carefully can not only improve the accuracy of homework, but also have positive significance for correcting students' learning attitude and forming serious and responsible habits. 15, correct reading and writing posture, correct writing and "three ones"-one foot from the book, one punch from the table and one inch from the pen tip. 16, write correctly and generously, keep the surface clean, and do not use correction fluid and correction paper indiscriminately. Words and symbols should be standardized and the format should be beautiful.
7. The habit of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation In the learning process, students should gradually become the main body of evaluation, so that students can learn incentive evaluation, which will not only evaluate themselves, but also evaluate others. Through evaluation, students can reflect on themselves or others, so as to learn from each other's strengths. 17. In the learning process, let students gradually become the main body of evaluation, and let students learn to encourage evaluation, not only to evaluate themselves, but also to evaluate others.
8. The habit of collecting information Collecting information is a basic learning skill and habit. 18. I can actively collect learning-related materials and broaden my knowledge by consulting books, surfing the Internet, field trips and visiting surveys. 19, which can analyze, classify and integrate the collected data.
9. The habit of hands-on operation The new curriculum places special emphasis on cultivating students' hands-on practical ability, so that students can develop the good habit of hands-on operation. 20. Students can independently complete all kinds of operation experiments required by textbooks, and the operation steps are correct.
10 habit of finishing homework on time Doing homework seriously, independently and on time is an important link to further understand, consolidate and deepen the knowledge learned and form skills and skills. Doing homework conscientiously, independently and on time has a certain potential influence on cultivating students' will, learning attitude and even adults' work attitude. 2 1, can review and consolidate the knowledge learned that day, carefully complete and carefully check the homework. 22. Pay attention to using what you have learned to solve practical problems and cultivate your own ability. (B) the content of primary school students' behavior habit education
Requirements for the refinement of project importance objectives
1. Polite and habitual behavior refers to a person's posture in activities. Including standing, walking, sitting, gestures and expressions. Civilized behavior is a kind of accomplishment and a kind of wealth. 23. Love the motherland and consciously stand up when raising the national flag and playing the national anthem. 24. Say hello to teachers and guests. 25. Consciously use polite expressions such as "please", "hello", "thank you", "sorry" and "goodbye". 26. When accepting others' help, smile and thank them. 26. Seek advice from others and be sincere. 27. Do not fight, swear or make noise in public places. 28. Don't give your classmates nicknames, and don't discriminate against students with physical disabilities. When students answer the wrong questions, they don't boo or laugh. 29. Assemble in a "fast, quiet and orderly" way, and watch the game in a civilized way.
2, the habit of honesty and trustworthiness For a person, "honesty and trustworthiness" is not only a moral quality and moral belief, but also the moral responsibility of every citizen, and it is also a lofty "personality strength." 30. Be honest and keep your word. 3 1. If the promised thing is really difficult to complete, you should explain the reason to the other party and apologize to the other party sincerely. 32. Borrow something from others and return it on time. Keep your promise.
3. Respect the habits of others. If you want to win the respect of others, you must respect others first. Just like being respected, respecting others is our need. 33. Listen to others patiently and don't interrupt others casually. 34. Listen attentively to the other person, don't think about your own business while listening. Don't get excited when you hear criticism from others. Listen to him calmly. Don't disturb others' study, rest, work and life. Apologize in time if you disturb others. Don't touch other people's things without permission. Learn to protect your privacy, and you can't tell others about your family.
4. The habit of being punctual and cherishing time should let children develop a good concept of time, and understand that "time is money" and "time is efficiency" from an early age, thus forming a good habit of being punctual and cherishing time. Go to bed at night and get up in the morning. 40. Go home on time after school, and don't loiter and play on the road. 4 1, finish the homework assigned by the teacher immediately after returning home, and finish the work on the same day. 42, do things in a planned way, not blindly, not delay.
5, know the habit of gratitude, learn to be grateful is the embodiment of human nature, and know how to be grateful is the requirement of responsibility. Knowing how to be grateful has become the call of the times. Only by knowing how to be grateful can we know how to pay and how to return. 43. Listen to your parents and teachers and don't contradict them. 44. Experience the hardships of parents and elders, and take the initiative to wash feet, beat back and pick vegetables for the elderly. 45. Take the initiative to do some housework for parents. 46, filial piety to parents, with excellent results in return for parents' parenting. 47. Respect the labor of sanitation workers and traffic police.
6. The habit of thrift is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. At present, it is urgent to cultivate students' good habits of thrift. 48. Take care of school supplies, don't scribble on textbooks, and don't tear exercise books casually. 49. Don't ask your parents for money casually, and don't spend money on snacks and toys. 50. Cherish food, don't be picky about food and don't waste food. 5 1, save electricity and water, turn off the lights when people walk, and turn off the faucet at any time after use. 52. Take care of yourself, others and collective property. Gently open and close the doors and windows, and handle things carefully. Don't scribble on tables and stools.
7. Abiding by customary rules and order is the basic norm of social public life. Without order, no collective activities can be carried out. 53. Go up and down the stairs, walk lightly and turn right. 54. Queue up to and from school, stop at the red light, go at the green light, don't jaywalk, don't chase and run on the road. When crossing the intersection, pay attention to avoid vehicles. 55. When shopping and getting on the bus, consciously queue up, not crowded, and sit in the designated position when gathering. Observe discipline in public and don't make noise. 56. Take care of schools, parks, flowers, trees and public facilities, and do not trample on green spaces, break branches or scribble.
8. Diligent hands-on habits can improve students' self-care ability and self-reliance ability. 57. Do your own thing, pack your schoolbag, tidy up the room, fold the bedding, and do the laundry. 58. Put the used things back for the benefit of others.
9. A healthy body is the foundation of study, work and success. Exercise can not only make people strong and healthy, but also temper their will. 59. Actively participate in group activities and recreational, sports, scientific and technological activities inside and outside the class, and do a good job in "two exercises and two lessons". 60. Learn sports knowledge and protect yourself. 6 1, in sports, you should obey the arrangement of the instructor, do not do dangerous actions in activities, and do not participate in dangerous activities.
10, the habit of paying attention to hygiene is everyone's living habit. In modern society, it is particularly important for primary school students to form a good habit of paying attention to cleanliness. It is the embodiment of a person's civilization, which not only embodies good personal appearance, but also includes respect for others. 62. Take a bath and wash your hair frequently, cut your nails frequently, change clothes frequently, brush your teeth and wash your face before going to bed. There is no dirt under the nails and no smell on the body. Wash your hands before and after meals. 64. Organize and clean schoolbags regularly. 65. Care for the environment, no spitting, no littering. When you see waste paper and other rubbish, you should take the initiative to pick it up and put it in the dustbin. 66. Don't scribble, scribble, paste or hang on the wall. 67. Don't eat spoiled food or drink raw water. Third, the implementation steps of habit formation education:
(1) Publicity stage (September 15-September 30th):
1, hold a meeting of all teachers. The headmaster should make a report to improve teachers' understanding and unify their thinking.
2. Hold a student mobilization meeting. Students can recite the Ten Rules of Habit Formation, primary code, and the Code of Daily Behavior for Pupils proposed by the Municipal Bureau, and set the goals to be achieved by each class.
3. Preliminary implementation plan. On the basis of soliciting reasonable suggestions from all teachers and students, the school has initially formulated an implementation plan. The implementation plan should be aimed at the "Double Ten Habits" proposed by the Municipal Bureau, and each item should list specific and feasible contents, which is highly operational.
4. According to the situation of each school, the Education Office has formulated the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Pupils' Habit Formation Education in the Holy City Street and the Record Book for Pupils' Good Habit Formation, and distributed them to all schools. Schools should further revise and improve the implementation rules of the school according to the implementation measures of the Education Department. Both teachers and students have a good habit-forming standard.
5. A letter to the parents of the students. Let parents know the content of students' cultivation education, keep consistent with teachers in understanding, and cooperate with schools to achieve the best effect of educating students.
(2) Step-by-step implementation and strengthening the rectification stage (65438+20061October -65438+20071October);
Time habit formation education corrects content habit formation education consolidates content.
Study habits, behavior habits, study habits, behavior habits.
The sixth week 1, learn the habit of listening 1, the habit of civilized behavior.
Week 7 2. The habit of thinking II. The habit of honesty and trustworthiness 1. Learn the habit of listening 1. Civilized habits.
Week 8 3. The habit of asking questions. Respect the habits of others 1. Learn the habit of listening. The habit of thinking 1. Civilized habits. The habit of being honest and trustworthy.
The eighth week 1, check against the rectification contents in the previous paragraph. Each class and school will hold an exchange meeting.
The ninth cycle test 1, learn the habit of listening, be good at thinking, dare to ask questions, behave in a civilized manner, be honest and trustworthy, and respect others.
The habit of cooperating with others in the tenth week 1, the habit of learning to listen, the habit of being good at thinking, the habit of daring to ask questions 1, the habit of being civilized, the habit of being honest and trustworthy, and the habit of respecting others.
The habit of self-study in the eleventh week 1, the habit of learning to be grateful, the habit of listening, the habit of thinking, the habit of asking questions, the habit of cooperating with others 1, the habit of being civilized, the habit of being honest and trustworthy, the habit of respecting others, and the habit of being punctual and cherishing time.
The habit of writing carefully in the twelfth week is 1, the habit of learning to listen, the habit of thinking, the habit of asking questions, the habit of cooperating with others, the habit of reading independently, the habit of being civilized, the habit of being honest and trustworthy, the habit of respecting others, the habit of being punctual and cherishing time, and the habit of being grateful.
The habit of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation in the thirteenth week 1, the habit of learning to listen, the habit of being good at thinking, the habit of daring to ask questions, the habit of cooperating with others, the habit of reading independently, the habit of writing carefully, the habit of being civilized, the habit of being honest and trustworthy, the habit of respecting others, the habit of being punctual and cherishing time, the habit of being grateful, and the habit of being diligent and thrifty.
Thirteenth week 1, check against the rectification contents in the previous paragraph. 2. The school and the education office held an exchange meeting.
Week 14 1 The habit of collecting information, learning to listen, thinking, asking questions, cooperating with others, reading independently, writing carefully, self-evaluating, being polite, being honest and trustworthy, respecting others, being punctual and cherishing time, and knowing.
The habit of hands-on operation in the fifteenth week 1, the habit of active exercise, the habit of learning to listen, the habit of thinking, the habit of daring to ask questions, the habit of cooperating with others, the habit of reading independently, the habit of writing carefully, the habit of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, the habit of collecting information, the habit of being polite, the habit of being honest and trustworthy, and the habit of respecting others.
The habit of finishing homework on time in the sixteenth week: the habit of consciously paying attention to hygiene; Learn the habit of listening; A habit of thinking; The habit of daring to ask questions; The habit of cooperating with others; The habit of reading independently; The habit of writing carefully; The habit of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation; The habit of collecting information; The habit of hands-on operation; The habit of stressing civilization; The habit of honesty and trustworthiness; And the habit of respecting others.
Week 17 1, check and evaluate the contents of the previous rectification. Each class and school will hold an exchange meeting. 3. Recognition and reward. 1, habit of learning to listen 2, habit of thinking 3, habit of daring to ask questions 4, habit of cooperating with others 5, habit of reading independently 6, habit of writing carefully 7, habit of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation 8, habit of collecting information 9, habit of hands-on operation 10, habit of finishing homework on time 1, habit of being civilized 2, honesty Know the habit of gratitude. The habit of thrift. The habit of playing by the rules. The habit of being diligent and hands-on 9. The habit of active exercise 10. The habit of consciously paying attention to hygiene.
/kloc-more than 0/8 weeks,/kloc-more than 0/0 content,/kloc-more than 0/0 content, this stage is the most important, every class should be done well:
1, each class starts from the cognitive characteristics of students' age, and defines the key points of training and education in each grade stage. Among them, the lower grades are outstanding: civilized and polite education, cultivating good study habits; Excellent middle schools: collectivism education to cultivate good behavior habits; Excellent senior: social morality education, improving moral consciousness, diligence and self-respect.
2. Pay attention to cultivating education and training in subject teaching. Classroom is the main channel and position to cultivate students' good habits. Based on students' development, strictly guiding students to learn to study is conducive to cultivating students' good study habits. On weekdays of each class: insist on reading poetry training, three-stroke training and oral arithmetic practice. Weekly: keep a diary or read notes. Monthly: evaluate the learning situation once, and put the evaluation materials into the student growth portfolio.
3, for the lack of correct training. Each class refers to the implementation rules to find out the shortcomings, pay attention to different types of students, and take targeted measures to carry out corrective training so that each student can improve on the original basis. Try to be a good student at school, a good boy at home and a civilized citizen of society.
4. Every class should insist on promoting development through evaluation and activities. Adhere to the forms of daily and weekly self-evaluation, mutual evaluation, mutual evaluation between teachers and students, and parents' participation. Through various channels and activities such as keynote speeches, special discussions, knowledge contests, striving to be civilized students, and major festivals and celebrations, students will be familiar with the standards and put them into action, pay attention to process evaluation, consolidate the formed good habits, and constantly put forward new requirements, thus gradually forming good habits.
5. Set up a "reconnaissance team" and define the implementation plan. Take the squadron as the unit, organize and mobilize the young pioneers to find out the common and most needed living habits from the aspects of public health, personal hygiene, food hygiene, courtesy, thrift, and doing things according to the rules.
6, according to the age characteristics of students, entertaining. Players can be guided to memorize the contents of the double ten through competitions, speeches, experience exchanges and other forms.
7. Cultivate the backbone of students and consciously implement the detailed rules. Strengthen the cultivation of some poor students.
8. Recognition and reward. The school will organize a monthly evaluation and inspection. At the end of the term, the school commended the inspection and appraisal, and selected outstanding teachers, outstanding students and advanced class collectives.
Pay attention to the collection and arrangement of materials at this stage. Its main data are: (1) class good habits set. (2) Cases of correcting bad habits. (3) Students and classes who correct quickly and perform well in activities (4) Good habit formation record book: What bad habits have I got rid of? (5) Teachers' papers and reflections; (6) exchange materials for the class teacher's experience.
(III) Consolidation and cultivation stage (65438+20071October-July 2007):
In order to develop good behavior habits, benefit individuals for life, and finally form good personal quality, the school will still conduct an inspection and evaluation once a month, and the results will be recorded in the quantitative assessment of each class teacher to supervise the implementation of the activities.
Fourthly, the research methods of habit formation education.
Observation, questionnaire survey and experience summary.
L, reasonable: the school said, the class teacher said, let students understand the importance of developing good habits from an early age, and understand that developing good habits is the need of their own adult talents.
2, repeated training: the cultivation of habits can not only rely on preaching, but also on strict training: four important words in the training process: strict, repeated, to toss and turn, endless training. Good habits can't be formed in a month or two, or even a year or two. If the reading and writing posture is correct, every time you write, you must remind students to sit up straight, persist for a long time, and practice repeatedly, and children will gradually develop good habits. You can't try to do well just by reminding students two or three times.
3. Self-discipline: Make use of the good habits of primary school students to make a notebook to record the difficulties encountered in the process of forming a good habit, their own ideas, feelings of overcoming difficulties, and measures to form good habits.
4. Educational activities: It is both a carrier and a driving force. Schools and classes should plan and organize multi-channel and multi-form competitions in different time periods.
5. Set up a group to form good habits, strive to be small propagandists of schools, communities and families, publicize healthy and civilized lifestyles, and supervise students to form good behavior habits.
6. Pay special attention to the common goal of "three routines" (daily routine, discipline routine and hygiene routine), "four norms" (language, behavior, appearance and environment) and "three forces" (class teacher, department teacher and teachers of all subjects) and the communication of "three channels" (school, family and society).
Fifth, the evaluation method of habit formation education.
Establish an evaluation system. Quantitatively score the evaluation indicators.
Safeguard measures of intransitive verb habit formation education
1, the school set up a leading group. Team leader: Ding, deputy team leader: Huang, members: Diao Shumin, Wei, Lin Fengling and Liu.
2. Young Pioneers organize students to check once a day and summarize once a week. The inspection results will be announced on the "Red Scarf Broadcasting Station" every Monday.
Seven, good habits should pay attention to the problem:
1, attaches great importance to and makes unremitting efforts. Pupils' habit-forming education cannot be done by one person. It needs the joint efforts of the whole school and the family and society. It can't be completed overnight, and it needs long-term unremitting efforts. Therefore, schools should attach great importance to habit formation education, put habit formation education on the important agenda, and establish a long-term evaluation mechanism to promote the long-term development of the work. It is necessary to establish a weekly meeting notification system, take habit formation as an important part of the weekly meeting, and further mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers and students through various competitions.
2, the goal should be consistent. Habit formation education is a systematic project, so we should pay attention to the connection between horizontal and vertical, coordinate all aspects, and meet the requirements of classes and schools. The requirements of classroom teachers should be consistent with those of class teachers; The requirements of lower grades and higher grades should be consistent; Family requirements should be consistent with the school. Otherwise, students will be at a loss.
3, behavior guidance, repeated training. The formation and consolidation of any good habit will go through a rather complicated development process, and the self-control and persistence of primary school students are poor. Therefore, teachers should pay close attention to the training process of behavior while explaining to students "what it is, why and how to do it", and can carry out special training according to the training content to rectify and consolidate one; Train one more and consolidate one more. Through repeated grasping, students can truly realize the transformation from wrong understanding to correct understanding, and then from correct understanding to correct behavior and good habits.
4. Teachers and students learn from each other and grow together. Children's behavior begins with imitation, and teachers and parents should set an example. No matter what students are asked to do, they should do it first and set an example for students everywhere. As a teacher, we should reflect on ourselves and see what good habits we have to keep. See what bad habits you need to correct.
5. Pay attention to experience and be self-motivated. Cultivating education depends on active development. Schools should guide students to feel morality, choose behavior, carry out self-criticism and cooperation and competition, and consciously abide by the norms in activities such as "striving to be qualified citizens", "returning to honesty and learning to be a man", "bidding farewell to snacks and video games" and "holding hands together to create a clean garden". At the same time, organize activities of "learning, comparing, evaluating, inspecting and awarding" to set an example and encourage all students to catch up with the advanced.
6. Home-school cooperation forms a joint force. "Family is a habitual school and parents are habitual teachers." Schools should adopt flexible methods such as holding parent-teacher conferences, establishing home-school contact manuals, and visiting thousands of teachers to guide and urge parents to start from themselves and cooperate with schools to do a good job in educating their children, thus forming a situation of joint efforts between home and school.
Habit formation education is an important task of primary education. We should conscientiously sum up the past experience and practices, further develop and improve the education program according to the requirements of the new period and the actual situation of the school, run our own characteristics, and strive to "teach children for six years and miss them for sixty years" to lay a solid foundation for students' lifelong development.