Life, especially human life, should be composed of three factors, namely physiology (natural attribute), psychology (social attribute) and spirituality (spiritual attribute). The natural attribute of life is a physiological category based on human blood relationship, which mainly involves sexual problems, health problems, safety problems and ethical problems related to human relationship and life (life length). The social attribute of life is a symbolic identity and social humanistic system developed on a certain social, cultural and psychological basis, covering all aspects of human nature such as human growth, study, making friends, work, love and marriage. The spiritual attribute of life is the most fundamental embodiment and essential requirement of a person's "I am me", and it is also the highlight of life. It includes five levels: self-id, low-level id, humanistic id, image id and advanced id, involving human nature and personality. All these constitute the whole of human life, that is, the dimension of life, and each part of it contains life and death, gain and loss, existence and nothingness.
The natural attribute of life, that is, natural life span, determines the length of human life span, that is, the length of life; The social attribute of life, that is, social life, determines the width of human life, which is based on culture and developed from scratch; The spiritual attribute of life, that is, spiritual life, determines the height of human life. It does not simply refer to the height that people can reach in the prosperous times of success, but to the low point that people are in in the adversity of failure, because the profound experience and spiritual stimulation of life also constitute a part of the meaningful height of life. The length of life, the width of life and the height of life are unified together, which together embodies the brilliance of human life, that is, the life highlight of individual life "I am for me". From 65438 to 0968, an American scholar published the book Life Education, which discussed the true meaning of education that must pay attention to people's growth and development and life health. Japan, Britain, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and other countries and regions are making efforts to promote life education, and have established various academic groups.
So what is life education? Human Resources and Social Security The Vocational Training Course "Life Education Instructor" launched by China Employment Training Technical Guidance Center in May 20 12 pointed out that life education is an education to face life and human life and death, and its goal is to make people learn to respect life, understand the meaning of life and the relationship between life and people, learn to live actively, live healthily and develop independently, and learn to care for each other, record, be grateful and share life.
Life education is the premise of all education and the highest pursuit of education. Therefore, life education should become an important educational concept that points to people's ultimate concern. It is put forward on the basis of fully investigating the essence of human life and meets the requirements of human nature. It is a multi-level humanistic education that comprehensively cares for life. "Life education not only teaches young people to cherish life, but also inspires young people to fully understand the meaning of life and actively create the value of life; Life education not only tells teenagers to pay attention to their own lives, but also helps them to pay attention to, respect and love the lives of others. Life education is not only the education of Huize people, but also let young people understand that the lives of other species can live in harmony under a blue sky. Life education pays attention not only to the enjoyment of today's life, but also to the development of tomorrow's life. " Bin Liu, former deputy director of the State Education Commission, is a strong advocate of quality education in China, advocating people-oriented, respecting, caring, understanding and trusting everyone. According to the new characteristics of teenagers' physical and mental development, he clearly pointed out that "mental health is an important condition for teenagers to move towards modernization, the world and the future. The formation of healthy psychology needs careful and thoughtful training and education, and the cultivation of healthy psychological quality should be taken as a more important task." On June 18, 2005, on the basis of understanding the activity of "Caring for Life", he further proposed to advocate life education centered on paying attention to teenagers' mental health, especially suicide psychology. As many people know, Japan and Taiwan Province Province are countries and regions with high suicide rate among teenagers. In view of this social reality, Japan clearly put forward the educational goal of respecting human life and human spirit in the new Outline of 1989. Taiwan's education administrative department has also set up a "Life Education Committee". The establishment of China Nanjing Psychological Crisis Intervention Center and Beijing Psychological Crisis Intervention Center shows that it is an academic project to pay attention to adolescent suicide. The author believes that life education has naturally become a necessary stage of this project.
So why should we carry out life education? With the loss of some teenagers' material pursuit, the decline of social morality, the disharmony of physical and mental development, the waste of limited years and the frequent occurrence of suicide, China urgently needs to carry out life education:
1. Carrying out life education is the basic requirement to improve the overall quality of the people. Young students are the builders and successors of the future socialist cause, and their quality of life determines the future and destiny of the country and the nation. Vigorously developing life education in primary and secondary schools is conducive to improving young students' survival skills and quality of life, and inspiring them to establish their ambition to study hard and become talents for the prosperity of the motherland; It is conducive to integrating the indomitable will of the Chinese nation into the spirit of young students and cultivating their brave, confident and strong character; It is conducive to improving young students' awareness of international competition and enhancing their coping ability in an international and open environment.
2. Carrying out life education is an urgent requirement for the development and change of social environment. The development trend of economic globalization and cultural diversification, and the rapid development of modern science and technology and information technology provide favorable conditions for exchanges and cooperation between different nationalities and cultures, and provide a broad platform for students to obtain information, broaden their horizons and cultivate their skills. However, the following negative factors also affect the moral concepts and behavior habits of young students to some extent. The negative effects of hedonism, money worship and extreme individualism lead to the vague moral concepts of some students and the decline of their moral self-discipline ability. In addition, campus injuries, accidents and other factors that threaten the personal safety of young students also affect the physical and mental health of young people to a certain extent. Therefore, it is urgent to cultivate young people to form a scientific outlook on life, and then lay the foundation for students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values.
3. Life education is a necessary condition to promote the healthy growth of young students. With the increasingly rich material life and complex social environment in modern society, the physiological maturity of young students is obviously ahead of schedule, which easily leads to the imbalance of physical, psychological and moral development. For a long time, due to the confusion in the process of physiological development, it is often difficult to cope with unpredictable and occasional hidden injuries, which leads to some students' psychological fragility, confusion and out-of-control behavior. Therefore, we should actively guide students to scientifically understand the laws of physiological and psychological development and correctly understand the phenomenon and significance of life.
4. Implementing life education is an important duty of family education. Family education is an indispensable link and an important part of life education. At present, with the rapid advancement of modernization, family education is facing new challenges, and there are still some aspects that cannot meet the growth needs of teenagers. A considerable number of parents don't understand the law of teenagers' physical and mental development, ignore teenagers' desire for understanding and respect, lack scientific family education concepts and methods, expect too much from their children, or care too much for them, or let themselves go, which aggravates the psychological problems of some teenagers, such as being tired of school and running away from home. Therefore, it is urgent to guide families to carry out scientific and correct life education.
5. Developing life education is an inevitable requirement for the development of modern school education. The content of life education in the existing curriculum textbooks of the school is relatively simple, and the pertinence and guidance for students' physical and mental development are not clear; Lack of effective operational guidance for the cultivation of students' viability; Influenced by traditional ideas, some teachers have some misunderstandings about the development of teenagers' sexual physiology, psychology and morality. Lack of systematic and organic integration of rich life education resources inside and outside the school. Therefore, we must speed up the reform of school education, give students a comprehensive, systematic and scientific life education from the aspects of physiology, psychology and morality, guide students to be kind to life, and help them improve their personality and grow up healthily.
The goal of life education
The Transmission of Love Through the arrangement of the contents of the "Life Education" course unit and the objectives of life education in Xiaoming Girls' Middle School in Taiwan Province Province, we can further understand the connotation of life education. The twelve units of the course are: appreciating life; It's good to be me; Born of worry; Adaptability and viability; Dedicated and happy; Religious belief and life; Benign culture; People live in relationships; Thinking is the beginning of wisdom; Life and death dignity; Social care and social justice; Global ethics and religion. The four goals of life education are: let students experience the impermanence of life, cherish themselves and care for others; Let students show the brilliance of life, be helpful and have good interpersonal relationships; Let students know the meaning of life, be grateful and cherish the blessings, and care for nature; Let students cherish the value of life, be optimistic and enterprising, and establish a correct outlook on life.
From the practice of life education in the past 40 years, it was first put forward as an expedient measure to prevent adolescent suicide from starting from the cruel reality that people demanded to control the increase of adolescent suicide rate. However, the whole life of human beings is not only the body of living things, but natural life is only the premise and material carrier of human life. The real difference between human beings and animals is that human beings have a rich spiritual life. Therefore, when we examine the connotation of life education, we should start from multiple levels, not only to educate minors to cherish life, but also to help them understand the essence of life, understand the meaning of life and create the value of life. This is the essential requirement of the form and characteristics of human life.