The so-called education in a broad sense refers to all activities that can increase people's knowledge and skills, influence people's ideology and morality, improve people's cognitive ability, enhance people's physique and improve people's personality. Including planned and accidental, organized and unorganized, externally instilled and spontaneously influenced. It is manifested in the upbringing of children and the prevention of foreign harmful phenomena; Make children establish initial contact with the world around them; Arm children with powerful tool language of interpersonal communication; Teach the younger generation to master production experience and production skills and skills in some form; Instill a certain ideological system into the minds of the younger generation and form a certain code of conduct.
The so-called narrow sense of education, that is, school education, is a process in which educators exert influence on the body and mind of the educated in a purposeful, planned and organized way according to the requirements of social development, so that their body and mind develop in the direction expected by society. Education in a narrow sense emphasizes the organization, planning and professionalism of educational activities, aiming at promoting people's physical and mental development, with professional teachers and special venues and a set of systematic educational and teaching organization norms. The education of pedagogy research is mainly school education, that is, education in a narrow sense.
(B) the nature of education
Education is essentially an activity or process of cultivating people according to certain social needs. On the one hand, from the perspective of the physical and mental development of the educated, education is a process of development, growth, adaptation to life and environment, accumulation and reorganization of experience and individual socialization. On the other hand, from the perspective of educators, education is to pass on the traditional culture of the nation to the next generation and cultivate the construction talents needed by social development. Educational activities are the unity of the activities of educators and educatees, and the most fundamental task is to promote the physical and mental development of educatees.
Second, the elements of education and their relationship
Education is a complex social phenomenon, and the basic elements of educational activities include educators, educatees and educational measures. Among them, educators are the leading factor in educational activities.
teaching staff
Educators are one of the basic elements of educational activities. Educators refer to people who influence the development and changes of the educated's knowledge, skills, thoughts, morality and body and mind. Educators are the leaders of educational activities and the leaders who guide the healthy development of the younger generation, especially the minors. Educators inherit the essence of human civilization through educational activities and cultivate talents needed for social development. Educators are symbols of human civilization and knowledge.
(2) educated people
Educated people are the people who study and receive education in educational activities, and they are the objects of education. They include children and teenagers studying at school and students receiving various adult education. Educated people are guided and educated by educators in educational activities, and constantly internalize educational contents and ideas into their own behaviors, thus developing and improving their knowledge, skills, ideology and morality. Educated people are the main body of learning, so their subjective initiative determines the degree of knowledge and skills acquired by educated people and the learning effect to a certain extent.
(3) Educational measures
In order to achieve certain educational goals, educators must take certain educational measures, which mainly include the contents and means of education. Educational content is the carrier for educators to educate the educated, which mainly includes all kinds of teaching materials, teaching reference books, TV images, newspapers, radio and other related information carriers. In different times, the content of education is different, and the content of education will change with different educational objects. Educational means refers to the ways and methods adopted in the process of educational activities, including the methods taught by educators, the learning methods of educatees and some material means used in educational activities, such as teachers' teaching AIDS, experimental equipment and educational auxiliary materials.
(D) the relationship between the three elements
There is a close and complicated relationship between the three basic elements that constitute educational activities. Among them, the relationship between educators and educatees is the most important relationship and contradiction in the process of educational activities. Both of them exist in the same educational practice as the subjects of teaching and learning respectively, and together constitute the compound subject of educational activities. At the same time, they have a mutual relationship between subject and object. In the teaching process, the educator is the subject and the educated is the object; In the process of learning, the educated are the main body of activities. Educators and educatees have the same object of educational activities-educational content, and also have the same goal-the all-round development of educatees' quality.