Question 1: How to popularize preschool education? Present situation: At present, the development of preschool education in China is extremely unbalanced, with the phenomenon of "aristocratic" preschool education in first-and second-tier cities and "spreading" preschool education in rural areas. At the same time, key parks coexist with a large number of low-quality parks, and aristocratic kindergartens coexist with foreign kindergartens. It is understood that in 2007, China clearly stated that the enrollment rate for three years before school reached 55%, but in fact it only reached 44.6%. "The unfairness of preschool education in China is becoming more and more prominent. One of the manifestations of the unfairness of preschool education is that public parks are decreasing year by year and private parks are gradually increasing. " At the education seminar on "How to Give Priority to Children" jointly organized by the 265438+20th Century Institute of Education and other institutions, Han Qinglin, former deputy director of the Education Department of Hebei Province, said that from 1993 to 2007, the number of parks run by state-owned enterprises and institutions nationwide decreased from102,000 to 5063. Crack: In view of the above problems, Han Qinglin pointed out that China should popularize preschool education for three years on the premise of promoting the fairness of preschool education. At the same time, to develop pre-school education in rural areas, we must adhere to public institutions and public teachers, and greatly increase financial revenue and teacher input. Some experts believe that not everyone can enjoy the educational services of excellent public kindergartens at present, so the government's responsibility is to formulate industry standards, classify kindergartens and set the highest and lowest charging standards. At the same time, government subsidies will be given to kindergartens that set up stalls, so that everyone can afford kindergartens, gradually narrow the gap and realize the popularization of preschool education. Question 2: How to invest the funds? Present situation: At present, China's rural poverty, urban chaos, uncertain status of preschool education, imperfect legal system, unclear policy objectives, insecure education funds, unstable teachers, and serious polarization of urban kindergartens. High-fee kindergartens have become profiteering industries. Crack: Han Qinglin said that childhood is a special stage for a person to receive education, and it is also a critical period for a person's personality development. Preschool education is basic, universal and irreparable. In addition, the improvement of preschool education and the guarantee of education quality and foundation make preschool education the most expensive stage of all stages. Experts attending the meeting agreed that preschool education should be mainly run by the government and developed jointly by the public and the private. Private kindergartens should provide choices for the broad masses of people to receive high-quality early childhood education. At the same time, it is necessary to establish an early childhood education investment system with financial input as the mainstay, social participation and reasonable sharing by families. "The state and society are the biggest beneficiaries of preschool education investment, and the government should become the main investor and responsible person of preschool education." Feng Xiaoxia gave several clear reasons that the government should give priority to investment in education. She believes that the social function of preschool education is to promote social equity and social security and harmony. It can also improve women's employment opportunities, reduce the cost of social assistance, narrow the difference of children's school preparation and improve the quality of compulsory education. In addition, Feng Xiaoxia suggested that China should scientifically divide for-profit kindergartens and non-profit kindergartens, and give appropriate rewards and subsidies to non-profit high-quality private kindergartens. Encourage and support enterprises, non-profit social groups and organizations to set up kindergartens, and give tax incentives to enterprises that set up kindergartens. Question 3: How to solve the problem of education fees? Status quo: At present, there is no document about the fees charged by state-level kindergartens in China. At present, the fees of kindergartens around the country are generally chaotic, with various charging items and great differences in charging grades. Relevant data show that by the end of 2007, there were registered kindergartens129,000 in China, including 77,600 private kindergartens, accounting for 60. 12% of the national total. Private kindergartens have mushroomed, and problems such as "high fees" and "black kindergartens" have gradually become prominent. Crack: It is understood that at present, many private kindergartens count all the expenses when calculating the charging cost, share them with parents, and implement high fees. Facing the increasingly serious problem of arbitrary charges in private kindergartens, Zhang Xiaohong, director of the Preschool Education Department of Beijing Municipal Education Commission, revealed at the seminar that Beijing is studying to change the current policy that private kindergartens only need to report to the Municipal Education Commission for the record, and plans to determine the kindergarten charging standard through district and county approval, and formulate the guiding price of specific cost items through the verification of the cost content of private kindergartens. Projects exceeding the maximum price limit will not be implemented, such as hiring foreign teachers. Question 4: How to solve the shortage of teachers? Crack: Some experts pointed out that as far as Beijing is concerned, only a few colleges and universities are qualified to train kindergarten teachers. Because it is not a characteristic major of the school, it is difficult for students to adapt to the needs of kindergartens in terms of skills and scientific research ability. Relatively speaking, the quality of students trained by some undergraduate normal colleges is better, but there are only a few dozen students every year, which can't meet the needs of the increasing number of kindergartens. Zhang Xiaohong said that the number of teachers in China is very small, and there is a shortage of 4,000 teachers in Beijing alone. It is understood that learning