(from the network)
I. Multiple choice questions
1. The most accurate statement about the task of preschool education is ()
A. Promoting children's intellectual development
B. Promoting children's rapid physical and mental development
C. Promoting children's social development
D. Promoting children's all-round and harmonious physical and mental development
Correct answer: D. Promote the all-round and harmonious development of children's body and mind
2. When teachers organize children's singing activities in the middle class, the reasonable approach is ()
A. let children sing with their chest combined with breathing.
B. encourage children to sing with the loudest voice.
C. encourage children to sing in a range above octave.
D. Ask the children to sing in a natural voice.
Correct answer: D. Ask children to sing in a natural voice.
3. Which of the following options is not the basic emotional experience of infancy ()
A. shame
B. sad
C. fear
D. get angry
Correct answer: A. Shame
4. In the role game, the teacher observes whether children can actively negotiate to deal with playmates, mainly examining ().
A. Children's emotional expression ability
B. Children's social communication ability
C. Children's awareness of rules
D. Children's thinking development level
Correct answer: B. Children's social communication ability
5. According to Eriksson's theory of psychological and social development, the personality quality of children aged 1~3 is ()
A. Sense of trust
B. Initiative
C. autonomy
D. Self-identity
Correct answer: C. Autonomy
6. The teacher put all kinds of sounding toys in the corner of the community, and the children in the small class are playing with these toys ()
A. can summarize the conditions of different sounds.
B. be interested in sound and feel different sounds.
C can describe how toys make sounds.
D. can describe the characteristics of different toys.
Correct answer: B. Be interested in sound and feel different sounds.
7. When guiding children to perceive and understand the characteristics of "quantity" of things, the appropriate approach is ()
A. Guide children to perceive common size, height, thickness, etc.
B. Guide children to know the shapes of common foods
C. Count the hands and mouths of the objects with the children and say the total.
D. Give children the opportunity to take things according to numbers.
Correct answer: A. Guide children to perceive the size, height and thickness of common things.
8. The main goal of kindergarten art education is ()
A. Developing children's artistic skills
B. Cultivate children's artistic feeling and expressive ability
C. Enriching children's artistic knowledge
D. Develop children's logical thinking ability
Correct answer: B. Cultivate children's artistic feeling and expressive ability.
9. Tao Xingzhi's method of cultivating preschool teachers is ()
A. Teaching system
B. Five-finger activity
C. Sensory education
D. artistic friendship system
Correct answer: D. Art friendship system
10. Piaget's "Three Mountains Experiment" investigated ()
A. Children's perception of depth
B. Children's counting ability
C. Children's egocentricity
D. Children's protection capacity
Correct answer: C. Children's egocentricity
Second, short answer questions
What are the main strategies for infants to adjust negative emotions?
Correct answer: (1) Teachers should meet children's needs in principle, adopt an inclusive attitude, put forward constructive suggestions, provide vent occasions, reproduce scenes, create an optimistic family atmosphere, set a good emotional example, help children learn to express positive emotions and develop their self-regulation ability. So we can adopt the following three methods: reflection, self-persuasion and imagination.
12. Briefly describe the responsibilities of kindergarten teachers
Correct answer: (1) Observe and understand the children, formulate and implement the education work plan according to the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education and the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6, and arrange the children's daily life reasonably in combination with their development level and interest needs. (2) Create a good educational environment, reasonably organize educational content, provide abundant toys and game materials, and carry out appropriate educational activities. (3) Strictly implement the kindergarten safety and health care system, guide and cooperate with the nurses to manage the life of the children in this class, and do a good job in health care. (4) Keep in constant contact with parents, understand the educational environment of children's families, discuss educational measures that meet children's characteristics, and cooperate with each other to complete educational tasks. (5) Participate in business study and protection education research activities. (6) Regularly summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of teaching guarantee, and accept the guidance and inspection of the director.
Third, the essay questions
13. Why do children learn through direct perception, practical operation and personal experience? Please give examples separately.
Correct answer: The Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 points out that teachers should understand children's learning styles and characteristics when implementing the guide.
(1) Children's learning is based on direct experience and is carried out in games and daily life. Kindergarten takes games as the basic activity, and children actively participate in activities and games, and gain different experiences through practical operation. Situational teaching method is a situational teaching method based on children's direct experience, which is a powerful embodiment of children's learning based on direct experience. The cognitive emotional characteristics of small class children are obvious, which are mainly dominated by external things and their own emotions. A good situation will inevitably lead to a positive emotional response of small class children. We can use situational teaching to create teaching situations that small class children like, such as story situations with distinctive themes, vivid life situations, lively and interesting game situations, etc. Stimulate their positive emotions and let them happily engage in learning in such a situation.
(2) Early childhood thinking is mainly the concrete thinking of images. Understanding the world mainly depends on the image and representation of things. For example, when teaching children to learn addition and subtraction in mathematics, children can't give the answer directly, and they need to calculate it through the representation in their minds or the operation of teaching AIDS.
(3) The principles of kindergarten education should reflect the initiative and intuition of education. For example, in the second link of the "I will say hello" activity in small class society, the teacher created a performance game situation and prepared a headgear, and further practiced polite greetings in the game through the roles of teachers and children in animal kindergartens. The children are immersed in a pleasant game full of childlike interest. In such a game situation, teachers provide opportunities and time for each child to engage in activities, exchange, share and express, which triggers the desire of children to communicate in groups. The children were completely immersed in pleasant games and unconsciously gained knowledge and experience.
(4) Kindergarten education has the characteristics of vigor and vitality. For example, the scientific activities of the big class "turn and turn" end with the theme of "the application of rotation phenomenon in life", so that children can practice their real life experiences, think, talk and watch with their peers, and finally end naturally in the situation of "turning around the movie house", which enhances the experience and further stimulates children's interest in exploring the rotation phenomenon in life. In a word, we should cherish the unique value of games and life, create a rich educational environment, arrange a day's life reasonably, and support and meet the needs of children to gain experience through direct perception, practical operation and personal experience to the maximum extent. It is strictly forbidden to "pull out the seedlings and encourage them" to advance education and strengthen training.
Fourth, the material analysis problem
14. Material:
Teacher Li is taking a class for the first time. She found that middle-class children like to complain more than children in small classes. In the teaching and research activities, the teacher in the big class told her that the children in the middle class really like to complain, but in the big class, the complaining behavior will be significantly reduced.
(1) Please analyze the possible reasons why middle-class children like to complain. (10)
(2) Please analyze the possible reasons for the decrease of complaints about dressing up children. (10)
Correct answer:
(1) Because of the development of moral sense, the children in the middle class hope to attract the attention of teachers, their language development is not perfect, and their ability to solve problems independently is poor, and they often complain. Moral sense is the inner experience of children when they evaluate whether their own or others' behavior conforms to the social moral behavior standards. The main reason for children's "complaining" behavior is the development of moral sense of middle-class children. The specific reasons are as follows: Middle-class children have been able to clearly master some broad moral standards, and middle-class children will be happy because they comply with teachers' requirements in activities. At this stage, children are concerned about whether their own behavior conforms to moral standards, and at the same time they begin to pay attention to whether other children's behavior conforms to moral standards, thus generating corresponding emotions. When children think that their peers' behavior does not conform to moral standards, there will be "complaining" behavior mentioned in the materials. (2) Children in the middle class may complain in order to attract the teacher's attention. In kindergartens, children usually convey information to teachers by complaining, so as to attract teachers' attention, express their ideas, or indirectly or directly want a certain result. (3) Most of the children in the middle class are around 4-5 years old. At this time, their thinking is self-centered. When considering problems, they always consider their own feelings first, safeguard their own interests, can't understand others' feelings, can't express their thoughts clearly when encountering things, and talk with their peers in a friendly way to solve contradictions, often through complaints.
(2) There are several reasons for the decrease of children's complaining behavior in large classes: ① The moral sense of children in large classes has been further developed and complicated. They have completely different feelings about good and bad, good and bad. At this age, emotions such as love for children and love for the collective have certain stability. Therefore, the complaining behavior of children in large classes is less than that of children in primary and secondary schools. (2) Children's sense of shame or guilt has also begun to develop, especially since the middle childhood, and children will feel ashamed of their wrong behavior, leading to a decrease in "complaining" behavior; (3) The independence of large-class children has developed, and they no longer rely solely on teachers to solve problems, but can negotiate with their peers to solve problems; To sum up, teachers can cultivate children's ability to judge and evaluate right and wrong through games and daily life, improve children's ability to deal with problems independently, enhance children's independence, reduce children's disciplinary behavior, and all kinds of complaints will naturally decrease.
15. In the theme activities, middle-class children became interested in drawing cars. In order to improve children's dialogue ability, Mr. Guo provided a drawing step diagram of the van, encouraging each child to draw the car according to the steps.
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(1) Would Mr. Guo like to put a drawing step diagram? (2 points) Why? (8 points)
(2) If you were Miss Guo, what would you do (10)?
Correct answer:
(1) In the materials, Mr. Guo should not put in the "van" step diagram. It is pointed out in the Guide that the main purpose of children's painting ability is to improve their aesthetic ability and creative ability. When children draw, it is not appropriate to provide template paintings, especially children should not be required to draw completely according to template paintings, which will stifle children's imagination, creativity and expressiveness. It is not conducive to expanding the imagination of children's painting, nor to the interesting development and enlightening guidance of activities. Therefore, a "step diagram" should not be provided.
(2) Educational suggestion: According to the relevant requirements of the Guide and Outline, we should do the following: ① Let children come back to life before painting, encourage them to observe and experience carefully in life, and accumulate experience and materials for artistic activities. For example, observe the shape and type of trucks. (2) In the process of painting, you can also appreciate the works, let the children take the initiative to find creative ways, and provide rich video materials, such as books, photos, paintings or music works, so that the children can choose independently and imitate or create in their own way. Adults should not ask too much. According to children's life experience, determine the theme of artistic expression together with children, and guide children to imagine and express art around the theme. After creation, affirm the advantages of children's works and guide children to improve by expressing their feelings. Interactive imitation and learning among children is also a hidden way to improve creativity. For example, "Your painting uses so much red, and it feels as festive as Chinese New Year", "Your car has four wheels, which is amazing" and so on. In short, the key to children's learning in the art field is to fully create conditions and opportunities, so that children can germinate their feelings and experiences of beauty in nature and social and cultural life, enrich their imagination and creativity, and guide them to learn to feel and discover beauty with their heart and express and create beauty in their own way. Middle school students' painting ability is in the stage of symbolic development. We should respect their spontaneous expression and creation, guide them to feel art from multiple angles, and encourage them to create art freely.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) activity design
16. Please design a theme activity for large class children around the spring, which should include 3 sub-activities.
Requirements:
(1) Write the overall goal of the theme activity. (8 points)
(2) Using the spring breeze of poetry (the attached poem is temporarily absent) to design a specific language activity plan, including the name, goal, preparation and main links of the activity. (14)
(3) ..... Write down the summaries of the other two sub-activities, including the names and objectives. (4 points for each activity, 8 points in total)
Correct answer:
Activity Name: Big Class Theme Activity "Spring"
The overall goal of the activity is the emotional goal: to feel the beauty of spring and stimulate the emotion of loving nature. Skill goal: actively participate in activities and express your love for spring in your favorite way.
Cognitive goal: know that a year is divided into different seasons and understand the typical characteristics of spring.
Sub-activity, a large category of poetic activities, is the "spring breeze" in the language field.
First, the emotional goal of the activity: actively participate in the activity of learning poetry and feel the beauty of spring in poetry. Skill goal: with the help of existing knowledge and experience, use poetry sentence patterns to imitate poetry. Cognitive goal: to understand the content of poetry and the characteristics of spring in poetry.
Second, the activity preparation experience preparation: I have felt the warm spring breeze and observed the scene of spring. Material preparation: pictures related to spring.
Third, the activity process
(1) Introduction-Introduce children's songs to stimulate children's interest and attract their attention. The teacher plays the children's song "Where is Spring? And guide the children to tell the four seasons with children's songs-spring teacher's summary: spring is really a beautiful season, colorful and fragrant; The poet weaves spring into a poem. Let's listen together.
(2) Basic part 1. The teacher reads poetry with emotion to help children understand poetry and feel its artistic beauty (1). The teacher asks: What season is it? how do you know (2) Let the children try to talk about what they hear in the poem. Willow, swallow, frog, etc. 2. Lead children to learn poetry with pictures, appreciate the content of poetry as a whole, and feel the characteristics of poetry sentence patterns (1) Teachers recite poems. While reading aloud, arrange the picture according to the content of the poem, point out the scenery on the picture, lead the children to read the poem from beginning to end, and feel the rhythm and rhythm of the poem; (2) Teachers understand the content of poetry by reading and performing at the same time; Guide children to understand the words "blowing green", "blowing in" and "blowing up". (3) Children recite poems and learn to read them rhythmically. 3. Appreciate poetry, mobilize experience and try to imitate the content of poetry (1). Teachers lead children to recite poems with emotion; (2) Guide children to tell other scenes in spring and try to express them in the language of poetry; For example, when the spring breeze blows, peach blossoms bloom; Blow sky blue and grass green; Blow ice and birds; Blow the child to jump.
(3) Conclusion.
The teacher asked the children to share their favorite spring scenery and inspire their love for nature.
Fourth, activity extension.
Spring breeze and gentle footsteps bring us spring. Let's go out and look for spring.
Secondary activity 2
The activity of "Understanding the Flowers in Spring" in the field of large-scale classroom science aims at emotion: observing and feeling the relationship between the weather in spring and plants, and sprouting interest in natural plants. Skill goal: observe purposefully, discover the beauty of spring, know the flowers in spring, and improve the observation ability.
Cognitive goal: understand the types and characteristics of different flowers in spring, and know that spring is the season for all things to grow.
Secondary activity 3
The emotional goal of the big class painting activity "Spring Girl" is to animate spring and experience the fun of painting spring. Skill goal: On the basis of observing spring, draw a beautiful spring girl in your imagination.
Cognitive goal: Know how to use different painting tools and materials to express the scenery characteristics of spring.