In adolescence, a person's physiology and psychology will undergo great changes. I have sorted out the top ten psychological problems of teenagers, and I hope everyone will pay attention to them.

1, schizophrenia

[Case] After Xiao Wang was promoted to senior three, his grades went from bad to worse. Every day when he comes home, he hides in his room, rarely talks to his parents and keeps in touch with his friends. At first, mother Wang thought that Xiao Wang was temporarily uncomfortable because of the pressure of entering a higher school. Unexpectedly, Xiao Wang's situation is getting weirder and weirder, and he talks to himself all day. One night after dinner, Xiao Wang claimed that he saw Yan Luowang trying to kill him, and his parents were cows and horses, so he picked up a kitchen knife and tried to kill his parents. Finally, Xiao Wang was sent to the hospital for emergency treatment, and the diagnosis was schizophrenia.

[Coping] Because such diseases often have many precursors in daily life, parents or teachers should be vigilant and send them to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible once symptoms are found, so as not to miss the opportunity for treatment. This kind of patients' ability to cope with setbacks is worse than that of normal people, so they may deteriorate in the face of greater life pressure and cannot undertake too many learning tasks. Try to reduce the psychological burden of patients and don't expect too much from patients. Many less stressful family affairs at home can be handled by patients, so that patients can consciously contribute to the family and enhance their self-confidence.

[Tips] Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness, which mostly occurs between 15 and 20 years old. The main symptoms include thinking, emotion, behavior and other obstacles. At the early stage of the disease, patients may have symptoms such as sharp decline in grades or work performance, social withdrawal, and poor personal hygiene habits. In the incubation period, if you don't get proper treatment, your condition will get worse, and you will have hallucinations, delusions, incoherent speech, weird behavior and other symptoms.

2. Depression

Case: Xiao Zhang, a senior one, is one of the poor students in a school. One day he found the head teacher and said nervously and hurriedly, "I'm finished." For more than a month, I almost lost sleep at night and often vomited during the day. "He said, and raised his hand and adjusted her glasses regretfully. A scar appeared on her right wrist, which was the trace left by his attempted suicide not long ago.

After counseling by a psychologist, Xiao Zhang was found to suffer from depression. Experts suggest that in order to avoid depression caused by psychological problems, students can arrange their life and study more fully, avoid the sense of loss caused by too much fantasy and paranoia, and participate in more cultural and sports activities to make themselves feel better. In addition, you can talk to your parents and close classmates more, talk to them about your setbacks and make yourself happy.

[Tips] Depression is a mental illness with abnormal depression as its main clinical manifestation, which is characterized by boredom, powerlessness, hopelessness, powerlessness and helplessness. Symptoms include: extreme sadness, despair, fatigue and physical illness. The degree and nature of depression in patients with depression are far beyond the boundaries of normal variation, which is different from all kinds of troubles in daily life, and it is easy to gradually "see the clouds".

3. Test anxiety

[Case] "As soon as I get the test paper, my mind is blank." Xiaoli got excellent grades from childhood, but after entering the third grade, her grades dropped again. Because she is bent on being admitted to a key high school, she has been studying nervously under the pressure of herself. After the general review began, every time she got the test paper, her mind was blank and she forgot all the mathematical and physical formulas. She can't do the problem she did before now. She said, "I feel ashamed to face my parents. I might as well die. "

Every student has exam anxiety, but the degree varies from person to person. Obviously, Xiaoli has typical exam anxiety. At this time, the patient encouragement of parents and parents is very important. Parents should first accept the child's nervousness and anxiety, listen to the child's worries and anxiety, and let him slowly give up those unfavorable thoughts, thus improving the exam anxiety. Children can also find a bosom friend to vent all kinds of grievances.

[Tips] The so-called "test anxiety" refers to the physical or psychological tension caused by the test. Physical stress, such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, confusion or blank thinking, etc. Psychological stress is mostly a form of worry, such as worrying that you won't write many questions during the exam, and worrying that you will be scolded by your parents if you fail the exam.

4. Learning disabilities

Case: Xiaoli just entered school this year, but her parents found that their children were careless in doing their homework and often copied the wrong answers. When the test paper was issued, the parents found that many questions were missed, but Xiaoli said that she didn't see it at all. So the parents felt that the child had a problem with his learning attitude and deliberately did not do the problem, so they beat her up, but this situation has never improved for a whole semester.

Experts pointed out that Xiaoli actually has dysgraphia. Generally, the eyes of such patients seem to be different from those of others, like "lazy eyes", which will miss a lot of obvious information. They can turn a blind eye while studying and throw away the whole problem, but later they say they don't see the problem. Such children are most easily misunderstood by teachers and parents. In fact, this is a special learning disability. Only by carrying out relevant visual perception training can we see the effect. Therefore, when children's academic performance is poor, parents and teachers should first understand what problems exist in children's learning psychology and to what extent, so as to design personalized education programs for children and train them for their special deficiencies in learning ability.

[Tips] Learning disability refers to the phenomenon that the intelligence is normal, but the academic performance is low due to the backward learning ability. Research shows that about 5%-65% of students in school belong to children with learning disabilities. Learning disabilities are composed of several different types, including writing disabilities, reading disabilities and math disabilities (also known as non-language learning disabilities).

5. Social phobia

[Case] "If you want me to speak on stage, you might as well kill me." Xiao Zhang is an introverted high school student. When I was in junior high school, I squinted at the girls in the same row because of love, which caused the other party's disgust. After changing seats, I still can't change this behavior. Later, even the boys refused to sit next to him. From then on, he thought that the most difficult thing in the world was people, and he was very afraid of interacting with people. The teacher said that every time I meet a classmate, I should take turns to speak on the stage. He would rather pretend to be sick and play truant than talk to his classmates who live together day and night. Xiao Zhang obviously suffers from social phobia.

If introverted children do not pay attention to adjusting their psychological state during adolescence, they will be afraid of interacting with others, thus generating social fear. Therefore, as parents, we should examine whether our behavior towards children is appropriate in time, correct inappropriate educational behavior as soon as possible, and give more praise and encouragement to children. Children should pay attention to training to look at others with bold and confident eyes, laying the foundation for building self-confidence.

[Tips] People with social phobia often have obvious and persistent worries or fears when talking with unfamiliar people, exercising under the watchful eyes of everyone or interacting with the opposite sex, fearing that they will face embarrassment or shame. Patients generally take evasive actions against the environment they are afraid of, even if they persist, they are also very painful, and often have symptoms such as anxiety, sweating and blushing.

6. Frustration in love

[Case] Xiao Yang, who is tall and thin, has a good impression on the female classmate at the same table since the first year of high school. He always buys two ice creams, lends new books to others, and escorts his deskmate home after school at night. At the end of the semester, Xiao Yang excitedly proposed "developing love relationship", but his deskmate said he was "crooked" and asked the teacher to adjust his seat. After being poured cold water, Xiao Yang not only didn't calm down, but had compulsive thinking: "Why doesn't she like me?" Am I too thin? I don't deserve her? "Thinking all day makes his grades decline. Finally one day, he chose to commit suicide.

Teenagers' psychological development and physical development are often out of sync, so setbacks in love often make them disheartened. At this time, people with poor psychological endurance are prone to mental illness. Therefore, parents and teachers should find teenagers who are frustrated in love as soon as possible and give them correct guidance and meticulous care. Teachers can use excellent literary and artistic works and great deeds to carry out adolescent sex education and help them form a correct world outlook.

[Tips] Adolescent children are often more sensitive. At this time, some small things can easily lead to psychological problems, such as frustration in love and body image problems.

7. Body image problem

[Case] Xiao Liang is in the second grade of junior high school this year. He is the study committee member of the class, but he is thin and ugly. In the year of Seeds of Love, he fell in love with a girl in his class. Unexpectedly, after the confession, the girl turned and fled, shouting: "It's so ugly." "Am I really ugly?" Liang Xiao kept asking himself that when he went back that day, he looked in the mirror. Small eyes and a flat nose in the mirror made him uglier, so he felt inferior. He wants to "reinvent himself", but he can't, so he often suffers from insomnia and begins to care about what others say about him. He never dared to go to crowded places again, and his grades finally plummeted.

Boys are more worried that they are not tall enough, while girls are worried that they are not beautiful enough. With the physiological changes, students entering junior high school gradually begin to pay attention to their own image, and many people even have a serious mental burden because of their appearance or physical defects. It can be said that among all kinds of psychological troubles of teenagers, body image troubles account for a high proportion. Psychologists suggest telling such children that there is no perfect body image, and handsome men and beautiful women also have shortcomings. Tell them that temperament is the most important thing and learn to appreciate their talents. For example, although Xiao Liang has small eyes, she is beautiful. Although she looks average, she has a good figure.

[Tips] Body image disturbance is a kind of sexual psychological disorder, which generally appears in adolescence. At this time, in the face of the sudden emergence of gender differences, teenagers often lack sufficient psychological preparation. They can't help comparing with others. Once the gap is big, some of them will have trouble with their body image.

8, phobia

[Case] Qingqing is 8 years old and has just entered the first grade. She was once a very lively and lovely child. But in the past six months, every morning before going to school, she tried every means to find an excuse to stay at home and refused to go, or she was afraid of cold, abdominal distension and stomachache, or she didn't sleep well last night and didn't have enough to eat. But when you don't have to go to school on weekends, all the abnormal emotions disappear. After the doctor's examination, Xiao Qingqing was found to have phobia.

Coping with all kinds of pressures from parents, schools and teachers, improper education methods, children's timid, sensitive and unable to stand criticism are all likely to lead to phobia. Parents should first look for the reasons why their children refuse to go to school, and don't force their children to go to school with simple threats. Let the children stay in school for an hour at first, and if this step is successful, the time can be gradually extended.

[Tips] "Fear of learning" is a serious psychological disease of children, which is more common in primary school students aged 7- 12. Because students are afraid of going to school, they have fear, which is also called school phobia. The common performance is that children are afraid of going to school and even openly refuse to go to school. When they were at school, they felt reluctant and unhappy. When it's time to go to school, they don't go or make harsh conditions. As soon as they arrive at school, they make excuses to go home, or complain about headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, vomiting and other discomfort in the early morning or the night before school starts. The above symptoms will not appear on holidays.

9. Vague gender roles

[Case] It's obviously a boy, this year 10 years old, and he looks white and clean. Because his father died early, he lived with his grandmother since he was a child. A week after the start of school, some of his unusual behaviors attracted the attention of the teacher, and he spoke loudly and often spoiled young female teachers. A month later, he will not only hug the female teacher, but also hug the female classmates often and sometimes kiss the girls.

[Coping] Obviously, the performance is the ambiguity of gender roles. After research, psychologists found that Mingming's social networks were almost all women, which made him think that he loved playing with girls and that they were just like himself. In order to change this gender bias, we can ask his grandfather and the male teachers in the school to talk, communicate and play with him often, and at the same time consciously arrange some male students to play games with him, so that he can affirm that he is a man under the demonstration of male role models and gradually learn to be brave and strong.

[Tips] The so-called ambiguity of gender roles refers to the dislocation of individuals' recognition of their gender roles. Generally speaking, from about 3 years old, children begin to gradually form the concept of gender roles. If a little boy thinks of himself as a person like the girls around him and tries to imitate women in dress, expression and behavior, he becomes a feminine boy, and vice versa.

10, obsessive-compulsive disorder

[Case] Since she entered high school, Linlin felt that she was studying harder than before, but the first thing she did when she got home was to sort out all the things at home. After doing these things, you can concentrate on your homework. Sometimes things that have been put away will be taken out and put back. This kind of thing has to be repeated several times, and finally you have to fully realize it yourself before you stop this kind of behavior. It took Linlin a lot of precious time, and she was very depressed about it, but she said she couldn't help herself.

Generally speaking, there is a potential reason behind obsessive-compulsive disorder, such as parents' pursuit of perfection and high demands on their children. If parents find that their children are often in a daze, doing homework slowly, biting their nails, shrugging their shoulders, etc. They have to pay attention. This is probably a compulsion. At this time, parents should pay attention to observing their children, understand why children do this, and take their children to see a doctor as soon as possible.

[Tips] Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness that relieves inner anxiety through ritualized behavior. Patients will have lingering thoughts and behaviors they have to do. Mainly manifested as forced thinking or forced behavior. Obsessive thinking refers to some thoughts, impulses and emotions that appear repeatedly in patients' minds. Patients can realize that these are unnecessary and want to get rid of them, but they can't get rid of them, so they are very upset.

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