(1) Zhang Youyi
Zhang Youyi is the poet Xu Zhimo's first original wife. The divorce between Xu Zhimo and Zhang Youyi was the first civilized divorce case in modern China. At that time, it was a shock to the ruling and opposition parties, and public opinion exploded. At that time, she and Xu Zhimo moved to a small town called Shaston, about six miles from Cambridge University. Xu Zhimo will be a special student in the Royal College of this university. They rented a small room with two bedrooms and one living room, and the big glass window of the living room overlooked a path full of gray sand. Xu Zhimo invited a female teacher to tutor her in English. Later, the English class fell by the wayside because the female teacher complained that she had to go too far. By that time, she had learned half a letter and could read Good Morning and some dialogues. At that time, she had too many things to do, such as shopping, cleaning inside and outside and cooking three meals.
Xu always goes home for lunch and dinner, perhaps because they are too poor. If the food is delicious, Xu won't say a word. If the food is not good, Xu won't comment. Today, we young people know how to discuss things. Like you, you will probably try to discuss big and small things with your husband. However, Zhang can't say anything to Xu Zhimo. She can't find any language or words to express it. She knows that although she is an old-fashioned woman, she is willing to change if possible. Xu always rides a bike to and from Shaston Railway Station and Cambridge, and sometimes goes to school by bus. Even if he doesn't go to Cambridge, he will rush out for a haircut every morning. Zhang Can doesn't understand his habits at all. She thinks he can simply trim his hair at home and save the money because they seem to be waiting for a check to come home. However, Xu Zhimo went his own way and did many incomprehensible things.
Zhang seldom sees Xu Zhimo during the day. He is always at school. Xu Zhimo has always been so happy and easy-going. He is a scholar and a dreamer, while Zhang is just the opposite. One morning, Xu Zhimo announced to her: "There are guests at home tonight. She is a friend of Edinburgh University. I will take her to Cambridge and bring her back to have dinner with me. " Later, when I lived in Shaston, I saw Xu rush out for a haircut as soon as he finished breakfast every day. Zhang left home so early, and he wondered what he had to do with his girlfriend. A few years later, Zhang Cai learned from Guo Jun that Xu Zhimo leaves home in a hurry every morning because he wants to contact his girlfriend who lives in London. At that time, the mail between London and Shaston passed quickly, and Xu Zhimo and his girlfriend could communicate with fish and geese at least every day. Their letters are written in English in case Zhang comes across them. At that time, Zhang didn't know about it, except that Xu Zhimo took a young woman home for dinner. She just guessed that he had friends, but in fact he did, and wondered whether Xu would confide in Zhang. All that day, Zhang was threatened by Xu Zhimo's girlfriend. Zhang expects her to speak fluent English and be as elegant and beautiful as Xu Zhimo's literature. For a moment, Zhang thought that Xu Zhimo's girlfriend might be a foreign women. Xu knows many foreign girls, perhaps fascinated by their bold behavior, the way they put their heads back when laughing, and the way they wear skirts to show their ankles. But Zhang quickly dismissed the idea: no, that's impossible. No foreign women would agree to marry into a family as a second wife. Zhang had to ensure that his position in the Xu family would not change from morning till night: having children, serving his parents and always being his original wife. Therefore, Zhang vowed to overcome the insult that Xu Zhimo forced her to accept with a solemn and noble attitude, be firm and easy-going to this woman, and not show jealousy or anger. Strange to say, Zhang Can couldn't remember the woman's name, so she just called her Miss Ming. The only thing Zhang remembers is her appearance. She tried to look like a foreigner, with short hair, crimson lipstick and wool navy suit. When Xu's girlfriend came, Zhang looked down at her legs in stockings. She held her breath in surprise when she saw her feet. They are feet squeezed in two embroidered shoes in China. It turns out that this new woman has wrapped her feet! Zhang almost burst out laughing. When the four of them (including Guo Jun) sat together for dinner, Miss Ming said that she also grew up in the suburbs of Shanghai, and her father worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Zhang has only one thought: if Miss Ming's family is so fashionable and willing to let her study abroad alone, why are her feet tied?
Xu Zhimo confused Zhang. Is this the woman he has been dating since he arrived in London two years ago? Why her? He always said that Zhang was a hillbilly, and now he has brought back such a woman. Just looking at her feet, she looks behind the times. After dinner, Xu Zhimo sent Miss Ming to the railway station, and Guo Jun went back to her room to rest. That night, Zhang was upset and washed the dishes in a hurry. When Xu Zhimo came home, Zhang was still washing dishes in the kitchen. He fidgeted around Zhang. Zhang was so angry, disappointed and disgusted with him that he could hardly speak. After Zhang washed the bowl, Xu Zhimo followed her to the living room and asked her what she thought of Miss Ming. Although he vowed to take a serious and easy-going attitude, he blurted out the first thought because he had too many ideas in his mind. Zhang said, "Well, she looks fine, although her feet don't match her suit." Xu Zhimo no longer walks around in the living room. He turned his heel, as if Zhang's comments gave vent to his irritability and frustration, and suddenly screamed, "I knew it, so I want a divorce." This is the first time that Xu Zhimo raised his voice to speak to Zhang, and their room suddenly seemed too small for them. So Zhang escaped from the back door and felt the cold wind rush into Zhang's lungs at night.
After about a week, one day, Xu Zhimo suddenly disappeared like a sudden divorce. On the first day, the second day, or even the third day, he didn't go home. Zhang thinks he may go to London to see his friends. At this time, Zhang is afraid of the physical load of pregnancy. What is she going to do? Where is Xu Zhimo? Zhang Can can't sleep in the big bed with him. He can't walk around the room without thinking that he can't scream. At this point, Zhang considered killing himself and his children. She thought, I just disappeared from the world and ended this tragedy. How simple it is! She can plunge into the balcony, or drown in the pond, or close all the windows and turn on the gas. Isn't it because Xu Zhimo abandoned me like this that he wanted me to die? Later, she remembered the first basic rule of filial piety in the scriptures: "If you have long skin, your parents will not harm you, and filial piety will begin." So Zhang interrupted this morbid idea, and such teaching seemed to haunt him all his life.
Zhang knew that Xu Zhimo would not come back, and Xu wanted a divorce. He didn't agree, so he left, leaving Zhang alone in Shaston. As the delivery period approaches, Zhang writes to her second brother for help. She went to Paris first, and then gave birth to a child in Berlin. Xu knew this, but ignored it. I only found Berlin when I went through the divorce procedure. After giving birth, Zhang Youyi quickly cheered up and entered Pestalozzi College to specialize in early childhood education. After returning to China, he founded Shang Yun Company and took charge of Shanghai Women's Savings Bank, both of which achieved great success. What is even more commendable is that after Zhang returned to China, he still served Xu Zhimo's parents (as a daughter) and raised her and Xu Zhimo's son. The Complete Works of Xu Zhimo was also published under her planning. Whenever you say "Do you love Xu Zhimo?" For this question, Zhang Youyi always said, "If taking care of Xu Zhimo and his family is called making love, then I probably love him. Among the women he met in his life, maybe I love him the most. "
(2) Lu Xiaoman
It is no exaggeration to describe the relationship between Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman with "vigorous love". Lu Xiaoman's husband, Wang Geng, was then the director of Harbin Public Security Bureau. Although he is not in Beijing, there are many people waiting for him. Xu Zhimo had to bribe the porter (always in 500 yuan) to see Lu Xiaoman. Lu Xiaoman not only wrote a love letter to Xu Zhimo in English, but also took the time to post it in person. After several twists and turns, the love affair between Xu and Lu became more and more fierce, which caused a storm in Beijing. Wang Geng even pulled out a gun to threaten Lu Xiaoman, but all this could not stop their enthusiasm. Regarding the love between Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman, Yu Dafu's view is quite pertinent: "If their affection is in a progressive society and an understanding society, wouldn't it be a beautiful talk for generations?" Honest, gentle, charming, and as warm and sincere as kind Mo Chi, when they meet and get together, they will naturally spark and burn. Where can they get Confucian orthodoxy? Where can I get the clan style? "1926, 10 On June 3rd, Xu Zhimo married Lu Xiaoman, with Liang Qichao as the witness and Hu Shi as the introducer. Their wedding is really a "special occasion". Liang Qichao, as Xu Zhimo's teacher, gave a lecture in the middle of the wedding, reprimanding the newlyweds: "You are divorced and remarried, and you are both emotionally unskilled. You should repent and turn over a new leaf in the future. " Finally, there came a sentence, "I wish you this is the last marriage!" " However, Xu Zhimo's passion for pursuing and testing the sacred realm of love in his dream, despite "desperate and intense flammability" and "no matter how high the earth is, it is impossible to burn the whole universe to the ground", ended in failure, which makes people feel sad.
Among the women related to Xu Zhimo's fate, Lu Xiaoman is enviable. Before she got married, she was a social celebrity, and she was called "Southern Tang (Tang Ying) and Northern Land (Lu Xiaoman)". Everyone who has met Lu Xiaoman is fascinated by her style. There were countless people chasing at that time. Unexpectedly, after marrying Xu Zhimo, people who sympathize with her on weekdays turned against each other. As the saying goes, "everyone fights for gold, and there are no bones left." In this terrible society, one spit can drown a person. I'm afraid this is mellow Lu Xiaoman unexpected. What is the reason? When it's love and hate? All kinds of subtle psychological changes, from pursuing admiration to jealousy after failure. A man's mind is really not much bigger. When many superficial phenomena cannot be found from conventional logic, they can often get answers from deep psychology. In marriage and love life, it is hard for Lu Xiaoman not to make people unbalanced. Lu Xiaoman's two husbands are excellent men, with family background, knowledge, status and looks. Ex-husband Wang Geng and later Xu Zhimo were fascinated by it. So the glory in the hall was occupied by Lu Xiaoman alone. A tree catches the wind, but a person is too arrogant. How can you not make people jealous? However, whether men or women are psychologically unbalanced, they are very willing to kick her when she is down. This is the most unsuccessful place for Lu Xiaoman. Because she is naive and stupid, she lacks talent and calculation, so she doesn't understand the power of the dark side in the secular world. Too spontaneous, she doesn't understand the truth of Zangfeng and Namang.
In terms of personal style, Lu Xiaoman has more enviable capital. She is brilliant. She can not only write and draw, but also be good at Beijing, Kunming, French and English. After reading several landscape paintings of Lu Xiaoman, I found that Lu Xiaoman is a woman with artistic talent. There are few women who can draw good landscapes, and there are even fewer women who can make landscapes without skills in the crowd. However, it is no wonder that how can you win the infatuation of so many men without all your talents? Lu Xiaoman's tragedy is of course related to her personality. Lu Xiaoman is emotional. She has the typical spontaneous characteristics of an artist, but she lacks rationality (what Lin lacks). Her generous, spontaneous, "talent is greater than perseverance", willful, dare to love and hate, and dare to deviate from the rules, all kinds of tolerance and progressive personality became a hidden curse in the society at that time. Especially the weakness of the rich girl is the main cause of her tragedy, and the social environment is the root cause of her tragic fate. In this more enlightened society, people should not treat her personal problems like this, but excessive ostentatious behavior will be the same at any time in China.
After Lu Xiaoman's marriage, people talk more about her spending money like water through social circles, which is simply Xu Zhimo's "nemesis", although it is also true. Probably because of this, Lu Xiaoman, as a talented woman, is rarely circulated. What talent does she have? Lu Xiaoman's "talent", not to mention eloquence, can also be regarded as "poetry, writing, painting and art". In the old society, there was no poetry or talent, first of all, poetry. Look at one of her poems, crying for Zhimo: "Don't hate talking to anyone. You are worried about getting sick, and you are far away from your soul. The world is not suitable for a long time, and it is your heart to make up your legacy. " It is most memorable that Xu Zhimo's death can almost be written off. Being able to write poetry is natural and good at writing. Lu Xiaoman can make Xu Zhimo bow down to his skirt. I am afraid that in addition to poetry, his writing is exquisite and vivid, and he has also written novellas, which can be called "literary talent". Her foreign language level is also good, she knows English and French literature, and even translated Tagore's novels in English after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory.
Lu Xiaoman's talent, the least known is "painting". Shortly after liberation, Mayor Chen Yi once saw Lu Xiaoman's painting in the Shanghai Traditional Chinese Painting Exhibition Hall. He was surprised and asked, "Is this painting very good? Is her husband Xu Zhimo? Xu Zhimo is my old friend. " She also got a new life. Her earliest public service was to join the China Painting Academy and Artists Association in the 1950s. In fact, Lu Xiaoman can write poems and draw pictures since he was a child. She studied oil painting and changed to Chinese painting. In 1930s, she became famous in the field of female painting. China Women's Calligraphy and Painting Society, the first female artist group in China, was one of the original founders when it was founded in Shanghai.
At the end of the rest of her life, Lu Xiaoman actually did something very valuable and meaningful, that is, she did her best to sort out and edit the Complete Works of Zhimo, and eight proofs full of her talents and painstaking efforts have been kept in Beijing Library. In a word, "cry for Zhimo" and "make it to your heart", let the talented people and beautiful women spend nine days together.
(3) forest
In the history of modern literature, the word "Lin" seems to exist and be loud because of the word "Xu Zhimo".
Xu Zhimo's father, Xu Shenru, is a rich man in Xiashan Town, Zhejiang Province. He runs a bank and is a famous banker. According to his father's wishes, Xu Zhimo should follow in his father's footsteps. So he went to study in the west and studied economics. But soon he felt that economics had nothing to do with him. He often associates with writers, and gradually knows nothing about economics, and soon drops out of school to travel to Europe and America. In London, I heard that Lin Changmin, a famous calligrapher and poet, came for advice. Meeting unexpectedly, meeting Lin and falling in love immediately provided more research topics for later literary history researchers.
When he met Lin, Xu Zhimo was already the father of a two-year-old child. At the age of 24, he was eight years older than Lin and a big brother. At that time, his wife Zhang Youyi and children came to London. After Xu Zhimo launched several fierce offensives, Lin's seemingly solid defense line finally almost burst its banks. This is what she said to him: I am not a woman with casual feelings. You have to choose between me and Zhang Youyi. The romantic Xu Zhimo went home and told Zhang Youyi that he was getting a divorce. Although Zhang Youyi thought it was too sudden, she treated the matter rationally, and then took her children to study in Germany. When Xu Shenru heard that his son had treated his wife like this, he angrily announced that he would sever the relationship between father and son, stop providing food, and hand over his banking business and property to Zhang Youyi. Since then, the eldest son of the Xu family has been supporting himself with his own hands, and Xu Zhimo has always been a third party, because Lin has already been betrothed to Liang Sicheng.
However, Lin and Xu didn't last long, because her trip to Europe would soon end and she had to go back to China with her father. When Xu Zhimo returned to China, Lin was engaged to Liang Sicheng. Xu Zhimo is a student of Liang Qichao. In front of the teacher, what can he do except restrain himself? But before meeting Lu Xiaoman, Xu always missed Lin, and he was also a frequent visitor of Liang and Lin. After Liang and Lin went to study in the United States, they often had conflicts. When the noise was fierce, Lin wrote a letter to Xu Zhimo at home. Because of this, Xu Zhimo has always had illusions about Lin. Soon, Xu met Lu Xiaoman, a married woman, at a dance in Beijing. Xu stepped in and married Lu. Xu was unhappy or even unhappy after marriage, and often confided to friends, mainly Hu Shi, Lin and Ling Shuhua, until 193 1 died. After Xu was killed in an air crash, Lin found the wreckage of the plane and put it in the bedroom to express his thoughts on Xu. Lin wrote two articles commemorating Xu in 193 1 and 1934 respectively, which can be described as true feelings.
It should be said that Xu Zhimo had a great influence on Lin. Without Xu Zhimo, there would be no literary creation of Lin. Xu Weilin wrote many poems, the most famous of which is Accidental. The original text is as follows: "I am a cloud in the sky, which occasionally projects on your heart. You don't have to be surprised, let alone happy, and disappear in a flash. You and I met in the dark sea, you have yours, I have mine, direction; If you still remember, it is better to forget the light emitted at this meeting! " Lin began to write new poems in the early 1930s, which was greatly influenced by Xu Zhimo. Again, written in 193 1, it is an accidental response to Xu Zhimo and her own inner confession: "You stretch like a lake facing clear sky and white clouds, and like a first-class cold current. To clarify, let me follow Lin 'an to find your source: I still have all kinds of doubts, but I am right. You spread like a thousand petals! Fairy face is every petal of yours, and it is even more fragrant. The warm fragrance of flowers is accompanied by a cool dusk: I said flowers, which is a trick to steal someone's heart in spring! You learn from books with leaves floating in the wind and reveal your every thought; Every corner of my mind, your eyes are watching. I have been saying: I still haven't answered. I am silent and will always hold my soul. " Of course, without Xu's influence, Lin would not have written poetry. She has a wide range of interests and has left excellent works in literature and architecture.