In the history of education, the principle that education should follow nature was put forward for the first time. Aristotle followed Plato and advocated that education is the function of the state and schools should be managed by the state. He first put forward the idea of children's physical and mental development stages, supported the education of Athens bodybuilding and harmonious development, and proposed the combination of morality, intelligence and physique to promote people's various development.

note:

Although Aristotle was a student of Plato, he abandoned the idealistic view held by his teacher. Plato believes that idea is the prototype of physical object, which exists independently of physical object. Aristotle believes that the world is made up of all kinds of things, and their forms and materials are harmonious.

"thing" is the substance of things, and "shape" is the individual characteristic of all things. Just like a flapping chicken, the "shape" of this chicken is that it can flap its wings, coo and lay eggs. When the chicken dies, the "form" no longer exists, leaving only the material of the chicken.

Plato asserted that feeling could not be the source of real knowledge, but Aristotle believed that knowledge originated from feeling. These thoughts already contain some materialistic factors. Aristotle, like Plato, thinks that rational scheme and purpose are the guiding principles of all natural processes. But Aristotle's view of causality is richer than Plato's, because he accepted some views of ancient Greece on this issue.

He pointed out that there are four main reasons. The first is the material reason, that is, the main substance that constitutes an object. The second is the form factor, that is, the design pattern and form given to the main substance. The third is the dynamic reason, that is, to realize the mechanism and function provided by this design. The fourth is the purpose, that is, the purpose of designing the object.