1 childhood

2. Two hussars

3. The landlord's morning

4. Youth

5. Lucerne?

6. Albert

7. Three people died

8. Family happiness?

9. Cossacks

10, War and Peace

Anna karenin 1 1

12, dark forces

13, Sonata of kleiser.

14, the kingdom of heaven is in your heart?

15, master and servant

16, Resurrection

childhood

In the 1950s, Tolstoy began his literary creation during his military service in the Caucasus. Childhood appeared for the first time.

He vividly shows his intelligence, sensitivity, enthusiasm and love for an aristocratic family through a detailed description of the simple and poetic inner world of the little hero Iku Yev. Self-analysis of children's psychological growth process. It constitutes the autobiographical trilogy "Youth" and "Youth" written by later writers.

recover

Resurrection is a novel first published by Russian writer lev tolstoy in 1899.

This book is based on a real event, which mainly describes the protagonist Nekhludoff seducing her aunt's maid Maslova, making her pregnant and being driven out of the house. Later, she became a prostitute and was tried for murder. As a juror, the hero appeared in court and saw the woman he seduced, which was deeply condemned by his conscience.

He ran for her and begged her to make amends. After the appeal failed, he accompanied her to exile in Siberia. His behavior touched her and made her fall in love with him again But in order not to damage his reputation and position, she did not marry him, but married the same revolutionary.

Resurrection is Tolstoy's last novel, a summary of the writer's life's exploration and thinking, and is regarded as the peak of Russian critical realism. Experienced the sufferings of Maslova and the charm of Nekhludoff.

This novel extensively and profoundly attacked the corruption and darkness of courts, prisons and bureaucracies, and exposed the life of the feudal ruling class and the cruelty of reactionary bureaucracies. Without humanity, it tore off the false veil of the government church, reflected the bankruptcy of the countryside and the extreme poverty of farmers, and described the social scene that serf Russia had reached the brink of collapse.

Resurrection is recommended by China Ministry of Education for middle school students.

War and Peace

War and Peace is a novel written by Russian writer Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy. It is also a masterpiece, from 1863 to 1869.

This work is centered on 18 12 Great Patriotic War and reflects the major historical events from 1805 to 1820. Based on the experiences of Boston, Bezukhov, Rostov and Kulagin, many events and strings are connected in the alternate description of war and peace.

Extended data:

War and Peace

1855, Alexander II ascended the throne. At that time, the czar's government was weakened by the military failure during the Crimean War, peasant riots raged, and the voices of all parties demanding reform became stronger and stronger. In this case, Alexander II was forced to abolish serfdom and implement some liberal reform policies. 1825 The 65438+ February Party exiled to Siberia was also pardoned.

186 1 serfdom reform marks the collapse of Russian serfdom society and the rapid development of western civilized capitalism. From the 1950s to the early 1960s, Tolstoy finally published War and Peace. ?

/kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, Russia experienced two counterattacks against Napoleon's invasion. This is a war between two defending countries. The Russian people are United as never before. No matter rich or poor, even men, women and children can't confront each other, which effectively stopped the attack of Napoleon's army and defeated Napoleon's conquest.

Tolstoy believed that in the 1960s, in order to solve its own social problems, it was necessary for Russia to return to this period of history and its ups and downs, thus creating War and Peace.

I. Background of the Times

From the end of 1970s to the beginning of 1980s, Russian capitalism developed rapidly, the countryside was severely damaged, and the life of working people became poorer and poorer. At that time, the burden of the Russian-Turkish war and years of hunger brought more serious disasters to the people. At this time, Tolstoy was more concerned about the sufferings of the people.

At that time, he actively participated in disaster relief work and witnessed the terrible situation of farmers and urban poor. On the basis of years of exploration and thinking, he finally saw the reactionary nature of tsarist autocracy. The author participated in the relief work from 189 1 to 1892, and realized the huge gap between farmers and landlords. The root cause of farmers' poverty is the private ownership of landlords. ?

Second, personal background.

After Tolstoy completed War and Peace and anna karenine, his world outlook changed radically in his later years. His artistic criticism reached its peak, reaching "tearing off all masks". "Calm realism." This is undoubtedly the result of his artistic exploration as well as his spiritual exploration.

Observing the real life of Russia from the perspective of farmers and expressing opinions on behalf of the peasant class are the main sources of his great critical power in his later period. This is the most vivid and outstanding of his works, especially the novel Resurrection.

Third, the creative process.

As Tolstoy's masterpiece in his later years, the plot is based on real cases. This novel was written between 1889 and 1899. This material is the true content provided by prosecutor Kony: a noble young man attracted his menstrual niece. After pregnancy, the prostitute was driven out of the house and later became a prostitute, accused of stealing money.

The nobleman appeared in court as a juror and saw the woman he had seduced before. He was condemned by conscience. He applied to the judge to marry her to make amends. Unfortunately, his niece died of typhoid fever in prison. Tolstoy took this story as the main line, spent 10 years, simply completed six drafts, and finally completed the book. The novel originally intended to create four, but only three were created.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

Baidu encyclopedia-resurrection

Baidu Encyclopedia-Childhood (Tolstoy's Novel)