His educational thoughts are very rich, mainly in scientific methods, democratic ideas and students' self-learning, self-education and self-management abilities.
This article only talks about the part where Mr. Wei Shusheng cultivates students' self-study ability, and only talks about his own views on "the guidance of learning law".
The overall structure of Wei Shusheng's "Learning Law Guidance" is mainly "one discipline, two principles, three parts and nine measures".
The first topic, Wei Shusheng is a Chinese major in middle school.
However, the subject he teaches is not middle school Chinese, but "big Chinese".
In other words, his language teaching content is not limited by textbooks or disciplines; His language teaching time is not limited to 45 minutes in class; His language teaching space is not limited by classrooms and campuses.
Two Principles Wei Shusheng has many principles to guide students to study law, but I think democracy needs the following two principles.
(A) the principle of seeking truth from facts, Wei Shusheng requires students to know themselves first, know their knowledge level, and then determine the content of self-study according to their own reality.
Wei Shusheng said: "What I ask is' going our own way', not' going hand in hand' for students."
(2) The principle of gradual progress.
Wei Shusheng doesn't require students to be "orderly" in knowledge possession and ability development, but often encourages students to "have visible gains and step by step".
Especially for students who are backward in education and study, if they don't know their achievements through horizontal comparison with their classmates, they should compare them vertically with themselves.
"The new me must overcome the old me", and I often compete with myself. Over time, I will naturally form a sense of self-strengthening, and my self-learning ability will continue to improve.
Third, most of Wei Shusheng often compares students to cars, and cars are mainly composed of three parts; A power part, an energy part and an operation part.
(In the motivation part, Mr. Wei Shusheng has been educating students to have ideals, to strive for the realization of ideals all their lives, and to take "ideals" as the motivation of life.
In order to arouse students' enthusiasm, he mainly took three measures.
1. Clear goals.
In order to realize his ideal, Wei Shusheng must be clear about his goals.
(1) Lifelong goal.
Who do you admire most? Learn his biography well, remember his motto and measure yourself by him.
) 2) realistic goals.
Choose a goal that you can catch up with through the most realistic efforts in class, write down his name and keep chasing it.
) 3) Get out of the subject learning task.
We must realize "directionality, timing and quantification".
2. arouse interest.
He tried his best to stimulate students' interest in learning from all angles.
According to the students' specific conditions, Wei Shusheng contracted the learning tasks of various knowledge points in Chinese subject to each student, such as writing, vocabulary, literary knowledge, grammar and rhetoric, etc. The contractor answered the knowledge of contracted projects for the whole class. All students have their own strengths and have the opportunity to be other people's teachers. They are also other people's students. The students were very interested and found their place.
3. Exercise your will.
According to the weak-willed characteristics of junior high school students, Wei Shusheng often teaches students the truth of poverty.
He asked poor students to collect stories of children with mental retardation, such as Darwin and Edison, who became outstanding figures through hard work, and brought these stories to the "class meeting" for exchange.
He told the students stories such as Taft Hussein, a blind Egyptian, Dennis, a French painter, who had no arms when she was a child, and Helen Keller, an American deaf woman writer, to inspire the students.
More importantly, the whole class decided to do it every day after discussion.
Every day, everyone keeps a diary, writes 300 study notes, rubs 50 words with his left hand, runs a 5000-meter fitness marathon, does sit-ups and 100 push-ups, which everyone can do every day. Use these methods to temper students' will.
(2) Intelligence part: energy part) Intelligence refers to the ability to recognize, distinguish, judge, process, invent and create objective things.
Wei Shusheng attached great importance to theoretical research, but he paid more attention to practical exploration. In order to develop students' intelligence, he mainly took the following three measures: 1. Cultivate attention.
When the first batch of students entered the school, Wei Shusheng paid great attention to cultivating students' attention.
He told the students that there was a transitional stage from primary school to middle school.
There is an adaptation process. The important issue in this process is to cultivate your own attention.
If you don't concentrate, you can't keep up step by step.
Then, Wei Shusheng told the students some basic knowledge about attention stability, attention range, attention distribution, attention transfer and attention cultivation.
Next, like Talking about Attention, let him write a diary about attention to Five Talks about Attention.
It is more important to train students' attention.
When singing, students should focus on the center of the gap in the blackboard. If they can't, they should write a 500-word explanation.
Because of strict training, students will not look at you, whether it is self-study class or people who enter the classroom from the outside.
2. Cultivate memory.
Wei Shusheng always develops students' memory from simple theoretical explanation to practical training.
He told the students about the laws of memory, saying that memory is one of the abilities of the human brain. Contrary to RMB, the less you use it, the more you use it, the stronger your ability.
Everyone has an average of 654.38+0.4 billion brain cells, which are inexhaustible.
Now, excellent scientists only use one tenth of their brains.
Not to mention us ordinary people.
He compared memory to the development of open-pit coal mines. The wider the upper coal seam is excavated, the more potential coal seams are exposed.
A palm-sized hole has buried many coal seams in a lifetime.
Wei Shusheng attaches great importance to practical training.
In lectures, he often chooses some teaching contents from newspapers, so that one student can read and the other student can listen, and the students can write a summary and repeat the outline with their own memories.
Sometimes there will be a five-minute memory contest, such as listening to the back text and writing long words.
He also teaches students the "gymnastics" of memory. After running every morning, he spends 20 minutes reciting the knowledge of various subjects, and summarizes the knowledge recited by the study Committee members every day for a month into a table called "Memory Gymnastics Plan".
3. Train your thinking ability.
Wei scholars believe that cultivating students' thinking ability is more important than cultivating students' memory.
What you remember may not be understandable, but what you really understand is easy to remember.
Wei Shusheng never forced students to remember the meaning, center and characteristics of each article, which were solved by students themselves after mastering reading skills.
Wei Shusheng combined with thesis teaching to teach students simple reasoning methods such as induction, deduction and analogy.
Through reading the text and extracurricular reading, students' analytical ability and comprehensive ability are cultivated.
As long as we understand every article from words, words, sentences, paragraphs and articles to the induction center and summarize the characteristics of the article, it is analysis.
The process of synthesis and reanalysis is also the process of training students' thinking ability. In addition, Wei Shusheng often trains students' thinking ability through writing, so that students can write 100 diaries on the same topic. In other words, students write by changing their identity, angle and time and space.
Writing from "one" to "one hundred" is like "talking about learning is very interesting".
After such a long time of training, students' thinking enthusiasm has been obviously improved and their thinking ability has been greatly strengthened.
(3) Operation part.
The operation part is the main part of the "learning method guidance", which is driven by ideals and based on intelligence, but it must be actually operated to achieve good results.
Wei Shusheng has mainly taken the following three measures: 1. Plan and preview.
Teacher Wei Shusheng attaches great importance to the plan of guiding students to study law.
Only by making practical study plans can we avoid blindness and reduce unnecessary labor, so he asked students to make some plans. School year plan, semester plan, monthly plan, weekly plan, daily plan, etc.
After making a plan, students check each other's implementation, forming a mechanism for students to check each other, learn from each other and learn from each other.
Preview is a part of guiding students' learning in many teachers' teaching, but the preview guidance in Wei Shusheng is different.
He not only helps students preview before class, but also helps students preview units and books before semester.
Clear preview content, master preview methods, and preview inspection in time.
For example, students are given textbooks before the summer vacation, and they are allowed to preview during the holidays. On the first day of school, they will have a "final exam", which is to preview the whole book, so that students can have a clearer understanding of the knowledge system to be studied this semester, and better break through the difficulties and grasp the key points in the learning process.
2. Listen carefully.
Everyone who has listened to Wei Shusheng's class feels that all his classmates actively participate in his class, and the classroom atmosphere is active. The main purpose of teaching method is to take students as the main body, students as the main body, students as the center, and to cultivate students' ability as the main purpose.
He explored the actual teaching rules of middle school students and founded a six-step classroom teaching method based on students' self-study.
It is positioning, discussion, self-study, solution, self-diagnosis and summary.
The establishment of this curriculum structure is an extension of students' autonomous learning plan and careful preview.
Students can take advantage of the favorable opportunity of class to solve unresolved problems in preview and consolidate their knowledge.
3. Review and check.
Wei Shusheng attaches great importance to this process and teaches students how to review science.
He stressed that students must seek truth from facts and combine their own reality, and can't do any review. The whole class generally does not review any knowledge collectively.
Teacher Wei drew a "knowledge tree" in Putonghua for students, and students can get in touch with melons according to the contents of the "knowledge tree".
If a classmate doesn't understand knowledge even after reviewing, ask the classmate who is in charge of knowledge.
In this way, the process of students' review is a process of mutual learning and competition. At the same time, it also mobilized students' enthusiasm for review and brought them fun.
Examination is an essential process to test students' knowledge mastery and operational ability. In this process, Wei Shusheng first studies and analyzes typical problems with students, in order to let students know the proportion of various Chinese knowledge in the examination paper.
Then, the students themselves ask the questions of "self-measurement", "measurement by others" or "mutual measurement".
After the exam, students analyze themselves, analyze each other, find out the defects, and continue to study by themselves.
This effectively mobilized students' interest in learning and promoted the formation of their learning ability.
In a word, Mr. Wei Shusheng's "Guidance on Learning Law" is systematic and scientific, and has basically reached the level of self-study. As Teacher Ye Shengtao said, "Teaching is for not teaching", which solved the problem that "students are ducks or shotguns" as Comrade Jiang Nanxiang, Minister of Education, said in the early 1960s.
Of course, this kind of guidance must be based on the advanced educational thought of "taking students as the center and all students as the object of education" in order to achieve the ideal educational and teaching effect.
If you have any questions about the self-taught/adult-taught examination, don't know the contents of the test sites for self-taught/adult-taught examination, and don't know the local policies for self-taught/adult-taught examination, click on Mr. official website at the bottom to get the review materials for free: /xl/