196 1 was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. There are more than 10 million Buddha statues, more than 2,300 grottoes and more than 2,800 inscriptions. Among them, Longmen Twenty is the essence of Weibei calligraphy, and Chu Suiliang's A Que Buddhist Shrine Monument is a model of regular script art in the early Tang Dynasty.
The Rushena Buddha in Fengxian Temple is said to be modeled after the sculpture of Wu Zetian.
Wei Dong-In 495 AD, Qiu Huicheng, the imperial clan of Wei State, began to dig Guyang Cave in Longmen Mountain. From 500 to 523, Emperor Wu and Emperor Di successively dug three large caves in the north, south and south of Binyang Cave. The construction of Shiyang Cave and Binyang Cave cost more than 800,000 people, and caves such as Fangzi Cave and Lianhua Cave were also dug during the Eastern Wei Dynasty.
Grottoes in the Northern Dynasties were all located in Longmen Mountain, and Guyang Cave was built for more than 50 years from the Hui Dynasty to the end of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, showing many China art forms, and the posture of the giant Buddha changed from the majestic Yungang Grottoes to the gentle and amiable Longmen Grottoes. The Buddha statue represented by the main Buddha in Binyang Middle Cave is smiling. Longmen Grottoes show more China art Buddha statues than Yungang Grottoes.
Tang grottoes-the most prosperous period is the Tang Dynasty, accounting for more than 60% of the total number of grottoes. During the reign of Wu Zetian, most of the grottoes in the Tang Dynasty were excavated, which was related to her long-term presence in Luoyang. Fengxian Temple is the most representative Tang grottoes, with two bodhisattvas 70 feet high, and Ye Jia, Ananda, King Kong and God King each 50 feet high (the length of Tang Dynasty). The scale is the first in Longmen Grottoes. It took four years, and Wu Zetian paid 20,000 yuan herself.
Longmen 20 series products are precious calligraphy works of Wei Bei. Representing the stele style of Wei Dynasty, it is tall and straight, generous and powerful, and it is the font in the transition from official script to regular script, Guyangdong 19.
Extended data:
The main statue in Fengxian Temple is the statue of Lushena Buddha. This is the largest Buddha statue in Longmen Grottoes, with a height of more than five feet and a single ear of five feet and seven inches. Lushe, that is the image of the Buddha in the Western Heaven, which means "radiant", but Luoyang people call this image "the image of Wu Zetian". According to people around Longmenshan, Lushna Buddha was modeled after Wu Zetian.
Legend has it that one year, Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian lived in a palace in Luoyang, the eastern capital. One morning, Wu Zetian was dressing. Tang Gaozong praised: "Zitong (the emperor's nickname for his empresses) is beautiful, elegant and has the demeanor of a bodhisattva." Wu Zetian was secretly happy when she heard this. She had a brainwave and immediately dried her tears.
Gaozong said in surprise, "Why is Zitong so sad?" Wu Zetian sobbed and said, "Even if there is a million good things in front of Qian Qian, I will still be a pile of bones a hundred years later. Who knows what I look like? " Gao Zong said, "What are the difficulties? The lonely painter painted a beautiful portrait for Zitong. " Wu Zetian coquetry said: "Although the portrait is good, it is just a piece of thin paper, which cannot be circulated for thousands of years." Now, the emperor may be in trouble.
After thinking for a long time, I couldn't think of a way out, so I had to ask Wu Zetian, "What do you think?" Wu Zetian said with a smile, "Your Majesty said that my concubine looks like a bodhisattva. Why not make a statue on Longmen Mountain? " Tang Gaozong suddenly realized and said, "What's so difficult!" So he ordered a painter to paint a portrait of Wu Zetian, and ordered people to dig nine large-scale open-air Buddhist shrines on the half cliff of Longmen Xishan, named Fengxian Temple. After the preparations were ready, Emperor Gaozong ordered people to choose skilled masons and carved a giant Buddha according to the portrait of Wu Zetian.
In order to make this statue more exquisite and immortal, Wu Zetian also donated 20 thousand yuan to buy powder. After the statue of the giant Buddha was formed, it was named Rushenafo. Lushena Sanskrit means radiant, and Wu Zetian named her word "Shu (reading photos)", which means "the sun and the moon are in the sky" and also means radiant.
So this statue not only looks like Wu Zetian, but also has exactly the same meaning as its name. The locals don't like the word "Rushner", so they simply call it "the statue of Wu Zetian". To this day, people on Longmen Street still call it that.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Longmen grottoes