1. AIDS is a serious infectious disease with great harm and high mortality, which can be prevented. At present, there are no effective vaccines and cures, but there are better treatments that can prolong life and improve the quality of life.
2. AIDS is transmitted through sexual contact, blood and mother to child; Contact with HIV-infected people or patients in daily life and work will not be infected.
The fundamental measure to prevent HIV infection through sexual contact is to live an honest and clean life and abide by sexual ethics.
4. Correct use of qualified condoms and early treatment and cure of sexually transmitted diseases can greatly reduce the risk of infection and transmission of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
5. Sharing syringes for intravenous drug use is a high-risk behavior of HIV infection and transmission. You should refuse drugs and cherish life.
6. Avoid unnecessary injection, blood transfusion and use of blood products; If necessary, use blood or blood products that have been tested for HIV antibodies, and use disposable syringes or strictly sterilized instruments.
7. Preventive measures such as timely intervention of antiviral drugs, reduction of invasive operation during delivery, and avoidance of breastfeeding for pregnant women infected with HIV can greatly reduce the possibility of fetal and infant infection.
8. Voluntary counseling and testing for AIDS is an important preventive measure for early detection of infected persons and patients.
9. Caring for, helping and not discriminating against HIV-infected people and patients and encouraging them to participate in AIDS prevention and control are important measures to control the spread of AIDS.
10. AIDS threatens everyone and every family and affects the development and stability of society. Preventing AIDS is the responsibility of the whole society.
importent information
1. AIDS is a serious infectious disease with great harm and high mortality, which can be prevented. At present, there are no effective vaccines and cures, but there are better treatments that can prolong life and improve the quality of life.
▲ The full medical name of AIDS is "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome" (abbreviated as AIDS in English), which is a serious infectious disease caused by HIV.
▲ After HIV invades the human body, it destroys the immune function of the human body, making the human body prone to various infections and tumors, which eventually leads to death.
▲ HIV has weak resistance to the external environment. After leaving the human body, it can survive for several hours to several days at room temperature. 100℃ can be completely inactivated in 20 minutes, and the virus can be killed by drying and common disinfection drugs.
▲ The body fluids of HIV-infected people and patients contain a large number of HIV, which is highly contagious.
▲ It takes 2- 12 weeks to detect HIV antibody from human blood, but before the antibody is detected, the infected person is contagious.
▲ After an average incubation period of 7- 10 years, HIV-infected people develop into AIDS patients. Before the onset, they were no different from ordinary people in appearance. They can live and work for many years without any symptoms, but they can spread the virus to others.
▲ When the immune system of HIV-infected people is severely damaged and cannot maintain the minimum disease resistance, the infected people will develop into AIDS patients, often with unexplained long-term low fever, emaciation, night sweats, chronic diarrhea, cough, rash and other symptoms.
▲ Although the existing antiviral drugs and treatments cannot cure AIDS, the implementation of standardized antiviral therapy can effectively inhibit virus replication, reduce the risk of transmission, delay the onset, prolong life and improve the quality of life.
▲ Under the guidance of doctors who have been trained in AIDS prevention and treatment skills, AIDS patients are treated with antiviral therapy.
▲ AIDS patients should adhere to standardized medication, and seek the help of medical staff in time for problems in treatment. Random withdrawal of drugs or irregular and quantitative use of antiviral drugs may lead to drug resistance of HIV, reduce the therapeutic effect and even failure of treatment.
▲ So far, no vaccine has been developed to effectively prevent AIDS.
2. AIDS is transmitted through sexual contact, blood and mother to child. In daily life and work, contact with HIV-infected people or patients will not be infected.
▲ Worldwide, sexual contact is the most important route of transmission of AIDS. At present, sharing syringes for intravenous drug use is the main route of AIDS transmission in China, but the proportion of AIDS transmission through sexual contact is increasing year by year.
▲ AIDS can be transmitted between men and women and between men through sexual channels. The more sexual partners, the greater the risk of HIV infection.
▲ Sharing syringes for intravenous drug use is an important risk behavior of blood-borne transmission of AIDS.
▲ Blood or blood products contaminated by HIV can be imported, and AIDS can be spread by using instruments that enter the human body without strict disinfection, such as surgery, injection, acupuncture, tooth extraction and beauty.
▲ Women infected with HIV may transmit AIDS to the fetus or baby through pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Without preventive measures, about 1/3 of fetuses and babies will be infected.
▲ In daily life and work, shake hands, hug, courtesy kiss, eat together, share labor tools, office supplies, coins, etc. People or patients with HIV will not be infected with AIDS.
▲ AIDS will not spread through public facilities such as toilet seats, telephones, tableware, bedding, swimming pools or baths.
▲ Cough and sneezing will not spread AIDS.
▲ Mosquito bites will not be infected with AIDS.
The fundamental measure to prevent HIV infection through sexual contact is to live an honest and clean life and abide by sexual ethics.
▲ Establishing a healthy concept of love, marriage, family and sex is the fundamental policy to prevent and control the spread of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
▲ Sexual freedom lifestyle, multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex will greatly increase the risk of infection, transmission of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
▲ Prostitution, whoring and other activities are important dangerous behaviors to spread AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
▲ Young people's premature sexual behavior will have a negative impact on physical and mental health.
▲ Loyalty between husband and wife can protect both parties and avoid sexually transmitted AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
4. Correct use of qualified condoms and early treatment and cure of sexually transmitted diseases can greatly reduce the risk of infection and transmission of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
▲ Condoms can greatly reduce the risk of contracting AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases and should be used all the time.
▲ Although the effect of condoms in preventing AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases is not 100%, it is far safer than not using condoms.
▲ In addition to the correct use of condoms, other contraceptive measures cannot effectively prevent AIDS.
▲ Due to physiological differences, the risk of male infected people transmitting AIDS to women is significantly higher than that of female infected people transmitting AIDS to men. Women should take the initiative to use female condoms or ask each other to use condoms.
▲ Condoms cannot be reused and should be knotted and discarded after each use.
▲ STD patients or people with genital abscess, ulcer and inflammation are more likely to be infected with AIDS, and it is also easy to transmit the virus to others. Early detection and standardized treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and various genital infections can reduce the risk of infection and transmission of AIDS.
▲ When you suspect that you have a sexually transmitted disease, you should check it as soon as possible, treat it in time, strive for a cure, and mobilize people who have sexual contact with you to receive examination and treatment.
▲ Some women have no obvious symptoms after being infected with sexually transmitted diseases and are not easy to detect. If they have multiple sexual partners and other high-risk behaviors, they should go to the hospital regularly for examination and treatment.
▲ Regular hospitals can provide standardized and confidential services such as consultation, examination, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Seeking treatment from traveling drug dealers and purchasing drugs independently will lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, prolong the course of disease, increase the difficulty of treatment and increase the chance of HIV infection.
5. Sharing syringes for intravenous drug use is a high-risk behavior of HIV infection and transmission. You should refuse drugs and cherish life.
▲ Drug abuse is an illegal act, which not only seriously endangers the health and life of drug addicts, but also harms families and society.
▲ People who share syringes with others are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection.
▲ Using clean syringes or strictly sterilized syringes without sharing syringes can effectively reduce the harm of spreading AIDS through drug abuse.
▲ If you don't use condoms when you have sex with injecting drug users, you can easily get infected with AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
▲ methadone maintenance treatment or needle exchange for injecting drug users can cut off the blood-borne transmission route of AIDS spread by injecting drug users.
6. Avoid unnecessary injection, blood transfusion and use of blood products; If necessary, use blood or blood products that have been tested for HIV antibodies, and use disposable syringes or strictly sterilized instruments.
▲ Advocating blood donation without compensation, putting an end to selling blood and strengthening blood management and testing are important measures to ensure the safety of blood use.
▲ Strictly screening blood donors and discouraging people with risky behaviors from donating blood are important guarantees for blood safety.
▲ Conduct strict HIV antibody testing on blood and blood products to prevent AIDS from spreading through blood collection and supply channels.
▲ Try to avoid unnecessary injections, blood transfusions and the use of blood products. If necessary, use tested blood and blood products, as well as plasma substitutes or own blood.
▲ The use of disposable or self-destructing syringes is an important link to prevent the spread of AIDS through blood. If there are no conditions, the injection instruments must be disinfected by one person, one needle and one tube.
▲ Knives and needles used in hotels, hotels, bathhouses, barbershops, beauty salons, foot washing rooms and other service industries must undergo strict disinfection.
7. Preventive measures such as timely intervention of antiviral drugs for pregnant women infected with HIV, reducing invasive operation during delivery and avoiding breastfeeding can greatly reduce the possibility of fetal and infant infection.
▲ In areas with high incidence of AIDS, vigorously promoting maternal health care, AIDS counseling and testing and hospital delivery are key measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission of AIDS.
▲ Under the guidance of doctors, pregnant women infected with HIV should take antiviral drugs during pregnancy and delivery to reduce the risk of injury during hospitalization and childbirth, and avoid breastfeeding after delivery, which can greatly reduce the chance of transmitting HIV to fetuses or babies.
▲ Pregnant women infected with HIV in the first trimester should consult doctors, fully understand the potential harm of AIDS to fetuses, babies and themselves, and voluntarily choose whether to continue pregnancy.
▲ Pregnant women infected with HIV who choose to terminate their pregnancy should go to local medical and health institutions for consultation and termination of services.
▲ Pregnant women infected with HIV who choose to continue their pregnancy should go to local hospitals or maternal and child health care institutions that undertake HIV antiviral treatment tasks, and seek free antiviral drugs and baby testing services to prevent mother-to-child transmission.
▲ Pregnant women infected with HIV should have infant feeding consultation, artificially feed their babies, avoid breastfeeding and put an end to mixed feeding. Free HIV antibody tests were conducted in 12 and1August.
8. Voluntary counseling and testing for AIDS is an important preventive measure for early detection of infected persons and patients.
▲ People who have had high-risk sex, shared syringes, sold blood, suspected unsafe blood transfusion or injection, and pregnant women in areas with high incidence of AIDS should take the initiative to go to the local VCT clinic (room) for consultation and testing.
▲ The state implements free voluntary counseling and testing for AIDS. Voluntary AIDS counseling and testing personnel can get free counseling and HIV antibody screening and testing at medical institutions designated by centers for disease control and prevention at all levels and health administrative departments.
▲ Legal medical institutions approved by centers for disease control and prevention at all levels and health administrative departments can set up AIDS consultation rooms and screening laboratories.
▲ Consultation and testing are confidential. In the case of informed consent, individuals can voluntarily choose whether to accept HIV antibody testing.
▲ HIV-positive people can get guidance or referral information services in HIV antibody confirmation testing, treatment, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, prevention of infection and nursing.
▲ Accepting AIDS counseling and testing can eliminate or alleviate the psychological pressure caused by suspected AIDS infection, and you can also understand your physical condition and take appropriate measures in time to protect yourself and others.
9. Caring for, helping and not discriminating against HIV-infected people and patients and encouraging them to participate in AIDS prevention and control are important measures to control the spread of AIDS.
▲ HIV-infected people and patients are victims of the disease and deserve humanitarian sympathy and help.
▲ AIDS patients who have not participated in the medical security system of rural residents and urban basic medical insurance and other economically disadvantaged people can receive free antiviral drug treatment at the infectious disease hospital designated by the local health administrative department or the general hospital (department) with infectious diseases department.
▲ Governments at all levels include AIDS patients with living difficulties in the scope of government assistance, provide necessary life assistance in accordance with relevant state regulations, and actively support productive HIV-infected people to carry out production activities.
▲ Local governments should provide psychological rehabilitation for AIDS orphans and provide free compulsory education through various channels.
▲ Discrimination against HIV-infected people and patients will not only be detrimental to the prevention and control of AIDS, but also become an unstable factor in society.
▲ HIV-infected people and patients are important forces in AIDS prevention and control, and they should be encouraged to participate in AIDS prevention and control.
▲ Families and communities should create a friendly, understanding and healthy living and working environment for HIV-infected people and patients, help them establish a correct attitude towards life, change high-risk behaviors, and create conditions for their participation in AIDS prevention and treatment.
10. AIDS threatens everyone and every family and affects the development and stability of society. Preventing AIDS is the responsibility of the whole society.
▲ China's AIDS epidemic has entered a period of rapid growth and is at the critical point of spreading from high-risk groups to the general population. If it cannot be effectively controlled in time, it will have a serious impact on China's economic development, social stability, national security and national prosperity.
▲ The basic principles of AIDS prevention and treatment in China are: prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment, and comprehensive management.
▲ AIDS prevention and control is not only the responsibility of the health department. It is necessary to establish an AIDS prevention and control mechanism led by the government, multi-sectoral cooperation and the participation of the whole society, and form a social environment conducive to AIDS prevention and control.
▲ Non-governmental organizations are an important part of AIDS prevention and control, and can play an important role in education of key groups, intervention of high-risk groups and care for infected people and patients.
▲ Citizens should actively participate in the publicity and education of AIDS prevention and control, learn and master the basic knowledge of AIDS prevention and control, avoid risky behavior, strengthen self-protection and tell others what they have learned.
▲ It is the common responsibility of every family, every school, every community and the whole society to carry out the education of preventing AIDS/STDs and refusing drugs, to carry out life skills training and sex education for teenagers, and to protect teenagers from the harm of AIDS/STDs and drugs.
Source: China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.