The Education Departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the Education Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the Education Departments (bureaus) of all relevant departments (units), and the subordinate universities:
First, fully understand the importance of full-time postgraduate education.
(A) to carry out full-time postgraduate education is a degree and postgraduate education that actively adapts to the needs of economic and social development for high-level applied professionals.
At present, science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, new knowledge, new theories and new technologies are changing with each passing day, occupational differentiation is becoming more and more detailed, the technical content and specialization of occupations are getting higher and higher, and the demand for specialized talents is characterized by large quantity, multiple specifications and high level. Higher education all over the world actively adapts to this change, actively adjusts the training objectives and modes, and vigorously improves the adaptability and competitiveness of personnel training. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and society, there is an urgent need for a large number of high-level professionals with innovative ability, entrepreneurial ability and practical ability. Postgraduate education must enhance its ability to serve the development of the country and society, accelerate the pace of structural adjustment, intensify the training of applied talents, and promote the close connection between talent training and the actual needs of economic and social development.
(two) to carry out full-time postgraduate education is the need of the reform and development of degree and postgraduate education.
After 30 years of development, China's degree and postgraduate education has continuously expanded the scale of running schools, improved the quality of education, enhanced the overall strength, established a degree authorization system with relatively complete disciplines and reasonable structure, and formed a unique postgraduate training system with guaranteed quality. For a long time, China's postgraduate education mainly aims at cultivating teaching and scientific research talents with the ability to engage in scientific research or teaching independently. However, with the continuous expansion of the scale of graduate students and the constant changes in social needs, the employment destination of graduate students has shifted more from teaching and scientific research posts to practical work departments. Judging from the development of postgraduate education in the world, postgraduate education is basically oriented to practical application, and more teaching and research talents come from doctoral students. In order to promote the better development of postgraduate education in China, it is necessary to re-examine and position the training objectives of postgraduate students in China, further adjust and optimize the type structure of postgraduate students, so that postgraduate education will gradually change from cultivating academic talents to cultivating applied talents, and realize the coordinated and sustainable development of postgraduate education in scale, quality, structure and benefit.
(C) to carry out full-time master's degree postgraduate education is the need to further improve the professional degree education system.
Since 199 1 was launched in China, the types of professional degree education have been increasing, the training scale has been expanding and the social influence has been increasing. It plays an increasingly important role in cultivating advanced applied professionals and becomes an important part of degree and postgraduate education. Professional degree education should not only train on-the-job personnel with certain working experience to meet the needs of on-the-job promotion and on-the-job learning, but also train fresh undergraduate graduates to meet the needs of social development, professional level improvement and employment competitiveness. According to the different training objects, the learning mode can be full-time or part-time. At present, the position and role of professional degree education in full-time postgraduate education in China have not been fully reflected, because the proportion of on-the-job personnel is too large and the proportion of fresh graduates is too small. It is of great significance to carry out full-time postgraduate education focusing on fresh graduates, to improve the professional degree education system, to enhance the training ability of professional degree graduates, to meet the diversified needs of society, and to accelerate the training of high-level applied professionals.
Second, innovate the training mode of full-time postgraduate education to ensure the quality of training.
(A) scientific positioning
The training goal of professional degree graduate students is to master solid basic theory and extensive professional knowledge in a certain professional (or vocational) field, have strong ability to solve practical problems, be able to undertake professional technology or management work, and have good professional quality. Professional degree postgraduate education is different from academic postgraduate education in training objectives, curriculum, teaching philosophy, training mode, quality standards and the construction of teaching staff. It is necessary to highlight the characteristics of professional degree graduate education. To do a good job in full-time postgraduate education, we must scientifically establish the reasonable orientation of professional degree postgraduate education, thoroughly study and accurately grasp the law of professional degree postgraduate education, innovate the training concept, reform the training mode and ensure the training quality.
(2) Teaching requirements
The curriculum should be oriented to practical application, aimed at professional needs, and centered on the improvement of comprehensive literacy and applied knowledge and ability. The teaching content should emphasize the organic combination of theoretical courses and applied courses, and highlight case analysis and practical research; In the teaching process, we should attach importance to the use of team learning, case analysis, field research and simulation training. Attention should be paid to cultivating students' awareness and ability to study practical problems. The study period is generally 2 years, and the credit system is implemented. Curriculum study and practice curriculum should be closely linked. The course study is mainly completed in the school, and the practice and internship can be completed on the spot or in the internship unit. Establish and improve the dual tutorial system inside and outside the school, with the on-campus tutor as the main guidance, and the off-campus tutor to participate in the practical process, project research, courses and papers. Absorb experts, scholars and professionals with rich experience in different disciplines to jointly undertake the training of professional degree graduates. Pay attention to cultivating practical research and innovation ability, increase practical work experience, shorten employment adaptation period, and improve professional quality and employment and entrepreneurship ability.
(3) the actual requirements
Professional practice is an important teaching link, and sufficient and high-quality professional practice is an important guarantee for the quality of professional degree education. Postgraduates with professional degrees must ensure no less than half a year's practical teaching during their study, and can adopt the method of combining concentrated practice with segmented practice; In principle, the practical teaching time of fresh graduates shall not be less than 1 year. It is necessary to provide and guarantee the conditions for carrying out practice, establish various forms of practice bases, and increase the proportion of practice hours and credits. Pay attention to the absorption and utilization of social resources, cooperate to establish joint training bases, jointly train professional degree graduates, and reform and innovate practical teaching models. Promote the close integration of the training of professional degree graduates with the actual needs of employers, and actively explore the interactive mechanism between supply and demand of talent training. Graduate students should submit practical study plans and write practical study summary reports. In order to ensure the quality of practical teaching, it is necessary to implement the whole process management, service and quality evaluation of graduation practice.
(4) Dissertation
It is necessary to correctly grasp the specifications and standards of professional degree graduate dissertations. The topic of the thesis should come from applied topics or practical problems, and must have a clear professional background and application value. Dissertation can be in various forms, such as research report, applied basic research, planning and design, product development, case analysis, project management, literary and artistic works, etc. The thesis should be completed independently, and it should reflect the ability of graduate students to solve practical problems by comprehensively applying scientific theories, methods and technologies. The number of words in a dissertation can be flexibly determined according to the characteristics and topics of different professional degrees. Among the assessors of dissertations and members of the defense committee, there should be experts with senior professional and technical positions in relevant industry practice fields.
Three, do a good job in the organization and implementation of full-time postgraduate education.
(a) the professional degree graduate training units and relevant education departments should attach great importance to this work, and this work will be included in the important content of the reform and development of degree and postgraduate education. We should fully realize that professional degree training and academic degree training are two important aspects of high-level talent training, and they have the same important position and role in talent training in colleges and universities. We should seize the opportunity, focus on adjusting the personnel training structure, deepen the reform of training mechanism, strengthen the construction of teaching conditions, make overall plans, and actively promote the healthy and rapid development of professional degree education.
(two) professional degree postgraduate training units should be under the guidance of the professional degree education steering committee, formulate full-time master's degree postgraduate training plan and implementation details, establish and improve various rules and regulations. It is necessary to fully learn from and absorb the advanced practices of international professional degree postgraduate education, and actively explore and innovate the full-time postgraduate training model. We should attach importance to the construction and formation of a contingent of teachers who are suitable for graduate education with professional degrees, and establish and improve a reasonable evaluation system for teaching and scientific research. It is necessary to strengthen process management, establish and improve the quality assurance system of professional degrees, including enrollment, training and degree awarding.
(three) the professional degree graduate training units should effectively increase investment, strengthen the construction of teaching infrastructure, case base and teaching practice base. It is necessary to establish a sense of service and provide good conditions for students to study, practice and start businesses. It is necessary to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of society, industry and relevant employers, give play to the role of schools, departments and tutors, actively strive for resources from all sides, and broaden employment channels. It is necessary to establish and improve the funding methods for full-time postgraduate students. It is necessary to continuously promote the standardized development of full-time master's degree graduate education and promote the continuous improvement of the quality of professional degree education. We should take effective measures to ensure the smooth implementation of full-time postgraduate education.
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China