How to promote rural education development 1 education development is an important part of economic and social development. To accelerate the reform and development of education, especially rural education, we need to adhere to and practice Scientific Outlook on Development. Judging from the actual situation of education reform and development in our county, I think that the education system should adhere to the people-oriented principle, adhere to the principle of balanced, fair, comprehensive, coordinated, sustained and moderately advanced development, and coordinate the coordinated development of education and economic society, education and people, public education, private education and other different schools, at all levels and all kinds of education. Coordinate the coordinated development of the scale, speed, quality and benefit of education development, promote the sustained and healthy development of education, enable the whole society and all citizens to fully enjoy the fruits of education development, and provide strong talent guarantee and intellectual support for building a well-off society in an all-round way.
Scientific Outlook on Development's guiding significance to rural education, I have a preliminary understanding, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(A) adhere to the people-oriented, conscientiously implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents, comprehensively improve the quality of workers, and cultivate a large number of specialized talents and top-notch innovative talents, which are the essential requirements and fundamental tasks of rural education. The development of human society is not only driven by people, but also for the development of people. The essence of education is to cultivate people, and promoting people's development is undoubtedly the internal driving force of education development. To promote human development, it is necessary to unify individual's all-round development and personality development, and to unify the cultivation of individual's humanistic spirit and scientific spirit. At present, China is implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents. Its fundamental purpose is to cultivate hundreds of millions of high-quality workers, tens of millions of specialized talents and a large number of top-notch innovative talents through the sustainable development of education, so as to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. From the perspective of our province, at present, one of the keys to accelerate the process of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural industrialization is to accelerate the development of rural education. The fundamental task of rural education is to train people, that is, to speed up the training of a large number of innovative talents and a large number of high-quality workers for local economic and social development. Building a well-off society in an all-round way is the goal of all-round economic, political and cultural development, including the improvement of population quality. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to popularize senior high school education in an all-round way, which requires our rural education to adapt to the needs of the transformation from elite education to universal education, further reform the way and content of our education management, make it reflect the requirements of humanism and humanization, and promote the improvement of every student's quality. Therefore, it should be the ultimate goal of educational development to adhere to the people-oriented principle and focus on promoting the development of all people and promoting the all-round development of people. This is the fundamental starting point and foothold for us to run rural education well.
(2) Adhering to the balanced and fair development of education, comprehensive and coordinated development, and sustained and moderately advanced development are important principles that must be adhered to in the development of rural education. The first is the principle of balanced and fair development. The balanced development of education first refers to the balanced allocation of educational resources, including the distribution of total social resources to education, as well as the distribution of educational resources among all kinds of education at all levels, schools at all levels and regions. Educational equity means that children enjoy equal educational opportunities and rights. Due to various reasons, there are still great differences in the conditions and levels of educational development between regions, between urban and rural areas and between schools in our province, and there are also great differences in the educational opportunities of school-age children with different conditions. It's not fair even in the same school. It is unfair that some schools arrange classes according to their grades, and good teachers and equipment are put into key classes. This is contrary to our people-oriented concept and the educational goal of socialist countries. In the new stage of development, we must put balanced and fair development in an important position. The second is the principle of comprehensive and coordinated development. Comprehensive and coordinated development, first, the adequacy of guiding the development of education. In the new stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we should speed up the development of various forms of non-compulsory education on the basis of fully popularizing nine-year compulsory education to meet the diversified educational needs of members of society to the greatest extent. Second, the development of all kinds of education at all levels within education should be coordinated. Otherwise, it will affect the function of education in serving economic and social development and people's all-round development, and the people will not be satisfied. Third, the principle of sustained and moderate development in advance. With the development of economy and society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the educational demand of the whole society will inevitably continue to grow. Practice has proved that the moderately advanced development of education is an important prerequisite for promoting economic growth. It takes three generations to make a gentleman. It takes a cycle to train talents. Therefore, putting education in a strategic position of giving priority to development is determined by the development law of education itself. While promoting the sustainable development of economy, society, man and nature, education should also realize its own sustainable development. First, rationally allocate and utilize the manpower, material resources and financial resources of education, realize the virtuous cycle development of education and give full play to the scale benefits of existing educational resources. Second, respect the laws of education, seek truth from facts, be pragmatic, prevent unrealistic development and effectively prevent the waste of educational resources.
(3) Grasping the six overall plans is an important guarantee for the sustained and healthy development of rural education, and it is also a specific requirement for the management of education administrative departments.
These six overall plans serve the first three principles, and can also be said to be the concretization of the three principles. From the practice of educational development, it is necessary to formulate and improve educational policies and systems, and to optimize the combination and scientific allocation of educational resources to uphold and practice Scientific Outlook on Development. At present, in order to promote the sustained and healthy development of rural education, from the perspective of China's local education administrative departments, we must do the following six aspects:
First, the coordinated development of education and economy and society. Accelerating the development of rural education and improving the quality and level of rural education in an all-round way are of great significance for realizing a well-off society in an all-round way. The development of rural education is based on the external environment such as population, society, economy, science and technology, resources and so on, and can only be realized in a virtuous circle with rural economic and social development. At the same time, rural education plays a fundamental, leading and overall role in rural economic and social development, and must provide talent and intellectual support for rural economic construction and social progress. Therefore, it is an important task for the administrative department of education to coordinate the development of rural education and rural economy and society.
Second, we should coordinate education and human development. For a long time, in terms of how to give full play to the function of education, we have paid more attention to the political and economic functions of education, while relatively ignoring the role of education in the development of human personality and spiritual needs. The problem of basic education is that the tendency of exam-oriented education has not been fundamentally solved. In recent ten years, China has made important progress in implementing quality education in some aspects, but overall, quality education has not made a substantive breakthrough in the field of practice. Coordinating the coordinated development of education and human beings requires us to fully implement the Party's education policy, break the traditional education mode of simply taking human beings as tools, and make education return to the educated to acquire knowledge and ability, form modern civic consciousness, have scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of students' creativity and innovative consciousness, continuously reform the rural education system, develop diversified forms of rural education, gradually improve the level of rural education, and continuously increase the opportunities for rural residents to receive education.
Third, we should coordinate the coordinated development of urban and rural education. Building a well-off society in an all-round way requires the joint development and progress of urban and rural education and regional education.
Fourth, coordinate the coordinated development of public education and private education. Judging from the development of education in the world, it has become a general trend to diversify the main body of running schools and meet people's diversified needs for educational choices. In China, with the promulgation of the Law on the Promotion of Private Education and the Regulations on the Implementation of the Law on the Promotion of Private Education, the status and role of private education have become clearer and private education has developed rapidly. The flexible running mechanism of private education is conducive to stimulating the vitality of education. We must further emancipate our minds, treat private education and public education equally in work measures, and try our best to create a good development environment and conditions for private education. Guide, encourage and support private education to further accelerate its development.
Fifth, coordinate the coordinated development of education at all levels. Many comrades focus on consolidating and improving the Ninth Five-Year Plan, which is correct. There is no doubt that the Ninth Five-Year Plan should be implemented in a down-to-earth manner. But at the same time, other types of education should also work hard. Otherwise, there will be defects in the development of rural education, which will affect the sustained and healthy development of the whole education cause.
Sixth, coordinate the development of education scale, speed, quality and benefit. To establish and implement Scientific Outlook on Development, we must first adhere to the theme of development, accelerate the development of rural education at all levels, strive to meet the needs of economic and social development and the broad masses of the people for education, and scientifically grasp the speed and pace of development. Secondly, while actively expanding high-quality education resources, we should vigorously strengthen the construction of weak schools and promote the overall improvement of education quality. At present, some counties borrow a lot to build high schools, blindly making a middle school or a model high school bigger and stronger. I don't think this way is appropriate. In the process of popularizing high school education, the government pursues the popularization of high school education and the balance of education quality. Therefore, education administrative departments at all levels should try their best to provide balanced and fair education for the people, rather than artificially widening the gap between senior high schools. Efforts should be made to improve the level of teachers and the strength of running schools in weak schools and narrow the gap between schools. Third, we should further improve the efficiency of running schools in accordance with the requirements of optimizing the allocation of educational resources. The development of education should also pay attention to input, output and benefit. The difference with economics is that the social benefit of education is more important than the economic benefit. At present, the problems of unreasonable allocation of educational resources and waste of educational funds still exist. Therefore, we should continue to actively and steadily promote the adjustment of the layout of primary and secondary schools and improve the efficiency of the use of educational resources. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly manage education funds, strive to use limited money in the cutting edge, and effectively improve the efficiency of the use of education funds.
At present, China's economic and social development has entered a new stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and the economic and social background and requirements of rural education reform and development are undergoing profound changes. At present, accelerating the development of rural education is facing new rare opportunities, heavy tasks and great challenges. We have made some achievements in our work, but there are also some problems and difficulties that cannot be ignored. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, fully understanding and correctly grasping the new situation faced by rural education in our county will surely make the education in our county develop faster and better.
How to promote the development of rural education Chapter II The main problems in China's rural economic development are: the traditional mode of production in rural areas and modern agriculture have not been widely promoted; The degree of agricultural industrialization is low and the added value of agricultural products is low; The rural population is too large and the rural production efficiency is low; Farmers' income is unstable and their consumption power is weak. Although there are many ways to solve these problems, the most fundamental one is rural education. The development of rural education can effectively promote the solution of these problems, thus promoting the development of rural economy.
First of all, rural education will affect the rural population.
First of all, the development of rural education will promote the reduction of birth rate in rural areas. The improvement of the education level of rural residents will promote farmers to have fewer children and more good children. In China, an important reason for the slow development of rural economy lies in the overpopulation and the shortage of rural land. China's arable land per capita is only a quarter of the world's. As can be seen from the following table, with the improvement of the education level of rural residents, the average fertility rate of rural women is declining, so the cultural quality of rural residents has an important impact on the rural population. With the continuous improvement of cultural quality, rural residents will raise their fertility awareness, have fewer healthy children, effectively reduce the birth rate, slow down the growth rate of rural population in China, and ease the momentum of excessive growth of rural population. Promote the gradual alleviation of the contradiction between people and land in rural areas, thus promoting the development of rural economy.
Secondly, the development of rural education will promote the transfer of rural labor to secondary and tertiary industries and cities. A serious problem in the development of rural economy in China is that there are a large number of surplus laborers in rural areas of China, the contradiction between people and land is prominent, and the labor productivity is low, which needs to be transferred. According to statistics, at the end of 2006, China's rural labor force was 48 1 10,000, accounting for 62.9% of the country's 764 million labor force, of which 326 million were engaged in the primary industry, accounting for 42.6% of the country's labor force, while the employees in the primary industry in developed countries were generally below 10%. It is estimated that about10.50 billion rural labor force in China needs to be transferred from the primary industry. If the rural surplus labor force in China can be transferred out of agriculture, this effect alone can improve farmers' production efficiency by 40% under other conditions unchanged.
However, due to the low quality of rural labor force and the poor transfer of rural surplus labor force, rural residents who have moved to cities cannot obtain the same employment opportunities as urban residents. In this process, rural education will improve the quality of rural residents and increase their employment opportunities in secondary and tertiary industries, thus promoting the transfer of rural surplus labor and further promoting the development of rural economy.
Second, rural education can improve the quality of workers.
To develop China's rural economy, we must promote the transformation of rural traditional mode of production and develop modern agriculture. The development of modern agriculture requires a large number of high-quality laborers, a large number of new farmers with knowledge and technology, and a large number of rural talents.
The most fundamental thing of rural education is to improve the basic scientific quality of rural workers, improve their technical proficiency and the ability to quickly digest rural science and technology. Rural education can improve the education level of rural residents, enhance their ability of study and research, and improve their ideology, thus promoting the transformation of agricultural science and technology, the use of modern farm tools and the development of rural economy.
At present, China's rural economic development mainly needs the following talents:
(1) Rural comprehensive talents with strong practical ability and various professional knowledge.
(2) Rural scientific and technological talents. The development of rural science and technology puts forward higher requirements for the quality of agricultural science and technology talents.
(3) New rural workers. Adapt to the requirements of the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.
(4) Rural brokers. The relationship between rural management departments and farmers, and the relationship between rural producers and agricultural products markets.
Third, rural education can promote the development of agricultural industrialization.
Agriculture is the foundation of national economy, and it is also the top priority of rural economy. At present, the rural economy in China is developing slowly. One of the important reasons is that most of China is still a small-scale peasant economy. Under the condition of market economy, it is difficult for the small-scale peasant economy to connect with the big market, the comparative benefit of agriculture is low, the progress of agricultural science and technology is slow, the income of farmers is slow, and the surplus labor force is difficult to transfer. Agricultural industrialization can solve these problems well.
Agricultural industrialization can effectively solve the contradiction between farmers' small-scale operation and socialized large market, improve the degree of organization and commercialization of agriculture, promote the scale operation and technological progress of agriculture, and improve the comparative interests of agriculture to a certain extent, which is an effective way to realize China's agricultural modernization and develop rural economy.
As the intermediary between rural enterprises and rural economic development, agricultural industrialization organizations need a large number of rural management talents, management talents, technology application talents and technology developers, all of which need education to train a large number of practical rural builders.
Fourth, rural education can improve farmers' ability to resist risks.
Developing rural education can improve farmers' ability to resist various risks. Generally speaking, the higher the education level, the stronger the ability to resist various risks, thus reducing the income elasticity. The higher the education level of the labor force, the stronger the ability to receive agricultural technical training and agricultural vocational education, the stronger the ability to adapt to various jobs, and the stronger the anti-interference ability and anti-fluctuation motivation of labor income. Especially in the current global economic depression, the anti-interference ability of workers' income is particularly important, and it is also the way of rural economic development.
Fifth, rural education can increase farmers' consumption.
China's per capita education consumption in rural areas is equivalent to one-third of that in cities, and insufficient education consumption in rural areas is not conducive to rural economic development. When rural families raise their children to go to school, they have to pay the corresponding education expenses, which is consumption. Consumption will stimulate production, consume education expenditure, exchange for the intellectual and physical development of workers, and promote social reproduction. From the economic effect, rural education is limited consumption, but it expands production, so rural education promotes farmers' consumption, thus promoting the development of rural economy.
Generally speaking, rural education can promote rural economic development by improving the quality of workers, promoting the development of agricultural industrialization, reducing rural fertility rate, transferring rural surplus labor force, increasing farmers' consumption and enhancing farmers' ability to resist risks. Therefore, to develop rural economy, we must attach importance to rural education.